Flashcards in Lesson 7 - Species Deck (20)
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Carl Linnaeus
Swedish naturalist, founding father of taxonomy, creator of binomial species name.
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Taxonomy
The science of naming and organizing organisms into related groups
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Binomial Name
Contains genus name (generic name) and specific epithet
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Genus name
Shared by all species of the same genus
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Specific epithet
May be shared by unrelated species (Tyrannosaurus rex, othnielia Rex, nuralagus Rex)
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Rule of priority
Once a species is officially given a binomial name, the name cannot be changed unless the organism turns out to not be a new species)
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Peer reviewed
Not published until it has been reviewed by other scientists to verify the contents are legitimate and scientifically reasonable
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Holotype
Physical example of the newly found species, kept in a research institution so other scientists may study it. Does not need to be a complete specimen.
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Interspecific variation
Individuals that differ in morphology because they belong to different species.
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Intraspecific variation
Individuals that belong to the same species but have different morphologies
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Sexual dimorphism
Males and females looking different from eachother
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Ontogenic variation
Ovarian ion visible between young and old individuals of the species (besides simple size differences)
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Individual variation
Normal variation that exists among individuals of the same species
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Taphonomic variation
Geologically caused variation due to plastic variation
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Biological species concept
Defines a species as a group of organisms that can successfully interbreed
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Population
Any grouping of organisms that live in the same geographic area and interbreed
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Morphological species concept
Defines a species as a group of organisms that share a certain degree of physical similarity
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Lumper
Palaeontologists who require more differences before they consider two species to be distinct
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Splitter
Palaeontologists who require fewer differences before they consider two species to be distinct
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