Lesson 8: Deontology, Kant And Rights Flashcards
1
Q
- Moral theory that evaluates actions that are done because of duty
- Ethical theory that uses rules to distinguish right from wrong
A
Deontology
2
Q
- This imperative commands conditionally on you having a relevant desire
- Applies to an individual only if they desire a certain end and has chosen (willed) to act on that desire
A
Hypothetical Imperative
3
Q
- Unconditional commands
- Commands or moral laws all persons must follow, regardless of their desires or extenuating circumstances
A
Categorical Imperative
4
Q
- He intended to develop what is called the supreme principle of morality
- Father of Deontology
A
Immanuel Kant
5
Q
- A person who has the ability to discern right from wrong and to be held accountable for his or her own actions.
- They have a moral responsibility not to cause unjustified harm.
A
Moral Agents
6
Q
- An individual’s ability to make moral choices based on some notion of right and wrong and to be held accountable for these actions.
- This capacity can be found in individuals or collective entities like businesses or health care institutions
A
Moral Agency
7
Q
- The capacity for mental abstraction, rising from operations of reason
- According to Kant, this is the faculty that humans have that is the capacity to act according to principles that we determine for ourselves
- With this faculty, one can act in a manner that is consistent with reason
A
Rational Will
8
Q
- A will whose decisions are wholly determined by moral demands or Moral Law
- It is the only thing that cannot be corrupted in the way that other values can be
- The intention or choice that impels a person to do what is right and self-imposed through reasons
A
Good Will
9
Q
Good Will and Consequences
A
- To act out a good will means to act out a sense of moral obligation or duty
- Consequences don’t matter in moral assessments and are irrelevant in calculating the moral worth of an act, only good intentions matter
10
Q
What intrinsic statuses that gives someone rights?
A
- Humanity
- Sentience
- Being an image of God
- Being alive
- Rational Autonomy
11
Q
This theory maintains that there are things we cannot do against individuals because they are holders of moral rights
A
Rights Theory
12
Q
- Something you have as a human being/something you are entitled to
- Justified claims for the protection of general interests.
A
Right
13
Q
Types of Rights:
A
- Legal Right
- Human Right
- Contractual Right
14
Q
Types of Rights Theories:
A
- According to realist views
- According to constructivist
- According to consequentialist theories of rights
15
Q
Perfect Rights vs Imperfect Rights
A
Perfect Rights
Enforceable by law
Imperfect Rights
Not enforceable by law
