Lesson 9- retrieval failure

Question 1

retrieval failure

Answer 1

argues that forgetting occurs in the absence of appropriate retrieval cues, when info is initally placed in memory, data associated with info is stored at the same time, if cues are not available it may appear as if you have forgotten the info when in fact you just cannot access it at that time
some retrieval cues are linked to the material that needs to be remembered in a meaningful way, other cues are coded at the same time of learning but not in a meaningful way

Question 2

context cues

Answer 2

environment in which material is learnt can act as retrieval cues, means recall will be better if done in same environment of learning

Question 3

state cues

Answer 3

an individuals physical state can affect recall, research suggests that recall is facilitated if people have similar physical state at recall as when the info was first coded

Question 4

retrieval failure theory evaluation

Answer 4

-Godden and Baddeley 1975, context dependent cues
-Abernethy 1940, context-dependent cues, tested participants recall using a mixture of familiar and unfamiliar instructors and teaching rooms, those tested by familiar instructor in familiar room performed best because instructor and room acted as retrieval cues
-Darley et al 1973, state-dependent cues, found participants who hid money in a large warehouse while under the influence of cannabis were more likely to recall hiding place when in similar drugged state
-practical applications, where possible students should learn/revise in room in which they will take exam
-Baddeley 1997 argues influence of retrieval cues is not actually very strong, in real life we often recall something in a different context to where we learnt it