Lesson 9 - The Global Divides

Question 1

Global Divides

Answer 1

Developed vs Developing

First World vs Third World

Rich vs Poor

Question 2

How do we determine which countries are rich and which countries are poor

Answer 2

The most widely used in the comparative measure in the comparative status of the socio-economic development is presented by the UNDP known as the HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX(HDI) which was initiated in 1990.

Question 3

presented by UNDP and initiated in 1990

Answer 3

human development Index

Question 4

aimed to rank all countries and determine the lowest human development and the highest level of development based on the based indicators namely income, health and education(Todoro and Smith, 2012)

Answer 4

Human Development index

Question 5

Indicators of HDI

Answer 5

real income(Per capita Income), health and education

Question 6

According to them, the HDI aimed to rank all countries and determine the lowest human development and the highest level of development based on the based indicators namely income, health and education

Answer 6

Todoro and Smith, 2012

Question 7

this refers to the total of all goods and services produced and provided within a country’s borders, divided by its population

Answer 7

Per capita Income

Question 8

Formula for Per capita Income

Answer 8

=GDP/Population

Question 9

is measured based on the life expectancy at birth, the rate of undernourishment, the under-5 mortality rate and the crude birth rate

Answer 9

Health

Question 10

is the number of adult males and females reported or estimated to have the basic abilities and capability to read and write

Answer 10

Literacy

Question 11

It also included the number of years attended school regardless of the quality of education received.

Answer 11

Education

Question 12

Top 10 Contries’ Income Per capita(IMF, 2020)

Answer 12

Luxembourg
Switzerland
Ireland
Norway
United States
Singapore
Denmark
Iceland
Qatar
Australia

Question 13

Top 15 Countries with the highest life expectancy

Answer 13

Japan
Switzerland
Spain
Australia
Singapore
Canada
France
Italy
South Korea
Norway
Sweden
Iceland
Luxembourg
Israel
New Zealand

Question 14

Top 10 countries with the Highest HDI(2021)

Answer 14

Switzerland
Norway
Iceland
Hongkong
Australia
Denmark
Sweden
Ireland
Germany
Netherlands

Question 15

Top 10 lowest HDI

Answer 15

South Sudan
Chad
Niger
Central African Republic
Burundi
Mali
Mozambique
Burkina Faso
Yemen
Guinea

Question 16

In 2019, Philippine ranks ____ in the UN HDI.

Answer 16

106th with 0.712 HDI

Question 17

Prior to the HDI there have been moves that created a literal and visual division among the different countries in the world. One is the ___________ in the 1980’s which was written by the Independent Commission headed by Willy Brandt to review international development issues in the 1980’s. This result formed the so-called Brandt Line.

Answer 17

Brandt Report

Question 18

Brand Report was written by?

Answer 18

Independent Commission headed by Willy Brandt

Question 19

Brandt report results formed the so-called _____.

Answer 19

Brandt Line

Question 20

is a clear graphic presentation of a Noth and South division of their economies of the different countries which were based on their GDP(Gross Domestic Product) per capita.

Answer 20

Brandt Line

Question 21

The implication of the Brandt Line is that the ………

Answer 21

countries in the Northern part of the world are extremely wealthy while those countries appearing and lying on the southern part of the line are considered poor.

Question 22

The introduction of the Brandt line initiated the use of the term…..

Answer 22

Global North and Global South

Question 23

Global North and Global South referring respectively to

Answer 23

rich and poor countries(Royal Geographical Society, 2020)

Question 24

Characteristics of Global North

Answer 24

• composed of wealthy, industrialized and developed nations
• democratic and capitalist countries
• Home to all G8(Group of 8 Industrialized Nations; USA, Japan, Russia, Ital, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Canada) Western Europe, Developed Parts of Asia, Australia and New Zealand
• Technologically Advanced
• Highly Industrialized
• Steady market and stable prices of commodities
• The North Holds 1/4 of the world population and controls 4/5 of the oncome earned anywhere in the world

Question 25

Characteristics of Global south

Answer 25

- Compromised of poor countries - Africa, Latin Americal and Developing Asia including Middle East - Lacks the right technology - Politically Unstable - Economics are divided - Foreign Exchange earnings are dependent on the primary product exports to the north - Fluctuations of prices - the south holds 3/4 of the world population and has access to 1/5 of the world income

Question 26

Characteristics of Global south: the south holds___ of the world population and has access ___ to of the world income

Answer 26

3/4;1/5

Question 27

Characteristics of Global North: The North Holds ____ of the world population and controls ___ of the oncome earned anywhere in the world

Answer 27

1/4; 4/5

Question 28

True or False Global South is compromised of poor contries such USA, Japan, Russia, Ital, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Canada) Western Europe, Developed Parts of Asia, Australia and New Zealand

Answer 28

False. The mention countries are not poor countries. The poor countries are from Africa, Latin Americal and Developing Asia including Middle East

Question 29

One of the Characteristics of Global South is it lacks the right technology

Answer 29

True

Question 30

According to __________, Global south is a CONCEPT rather than a place. The term "Global south" and similar categories are relevant and were used in the study of globalization. Moreover, the economists, scholars and economic activists made use of the term "global south" to give emphasis and as reference on the global differences in status of countries.

Answer 30

Lisandro Claudio(2011)

Question 31

According to __________, The Global South is everywhere, but it is also somewhere, and that somewhere, located at the intersection of entangled political geographies of dispossession and repossession.

Answer 31

Matthew Sparke(2007)

Question 32

According to __________, The Global South is not a directional designation or a point due south from a fixed north. It is a symbolic designation meant to capture the appearance of the bond that emerged when former colonial institutions that engaged in political projects of decolonization and moved toward the realization of a postcolonial international order.

Answer 32

Siba Groyogui(2011)

Question 33

According to __________, Global South refers in general to the regions of Latin America, Africa, Oceania and Asia. It is considered similar to the terms "THIRD WORLD" and 'PERIPHERY", that indicate regions outside Europe and North Europe and North America. It refers to mostly(thought not all) low-income and often politically or culturally marginalized countries.

Answer 33

Nour Dados and Rewyn Connell(2012)

Question 34

The term "_______" was used during the cold war - era referring to non- alignment or their rejection of colonialism from both the USSR and USA. The known "_________" comprises of the alliance of those countries in Africa and in Asia that became newly independent after World War 2. Later on joined by countries from Latin America.

Answer 34

Third World

Question 35

era referring to non- alignment or their rejection of colonialism from both the USSR and USA.

Answer 35

Cold war

Question 36

f colonialism from both the USSR and USA. The known "Third World" comprises of the alliance of those countries in ____________ that became newly independent after World War 2.. Later on joined by countries from Latin America.

Answer 36

Africa and in Asia

Question 37

the capitalist, industrialized and democratic countries in the West

Answer 37

First World

Question 38

Communist countries. The alliance of the "third world"

Answer 38

Second World

Question 39

The term Third World has decreased in use after the fall of the ______ and the end of the _____________.

Answer 39

Fall of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War

Question 40

The Third World was replaced with terms such as

Answer 40

developing countries least developed countries the Global south

Question 41

True or False It is safe to conclude that "Global South" and "Third World" are simply the same; just used in different times

Answer 41

True

Question 42

The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development(IBRD) known as the World Bank(Todaro and Smith,2012) has a very popular war of classifying countries known as the_____________________

Answer 42

World Bank's Classification System.

Question 43

Countries classification by World Bank Classification System

Answer 43

Low Income Countries(LICs) Lower Middle Income Countries(LMCs) Upper Middle Income Countries(UMCs) High Income Countries

Question 44

World bank classification system used the ___ for ranking

Answer 44

levels of Gross National Income(GNI) per capita

Question 45

Highest income countries are member of __________

Answer 45

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

Question 46

It is a unique assembly among governments of 38 member states with established market economies working with each other, as well as with more than 70 non-member economies to promote economic growth, prosperity and sustainable development

Answer 46

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

Question 47

Another widely used classification of nation is that of the _______

Answer 47

least developed countries

Question 48

UN's three criteria for Least developed countries

Answer 48

Low Income Low Human Assets High Economic Vulnerability

Question 49

Low Income. An income criterion, based on a three-year average estimate of the gross national income(GNI) per capita. The threshold for inclusion is _____________; the threshold for graduation is _______________

Answer 49

$1,088 or below; $1,306 or above.

Question 50

Low Human Assets Human Assets Index >Health Index-___;__;___ >Education Index-___;__;___

Answer 50

Health index - Under five mortality rate - Prevalence of stunting - Maternal mortality ratio Education Index - Gross secondary school enrolment ratio - Adult literacy rate - Gender parity index for gross secondary school enrolment *The thresholds for inclusion and graduation are 60 or below and 66 or above, respectively

Question 51

High economic Vulnerability Economic and Environmental Vulnerability Index >Economic Vulnerability Index >Environmental Vulnerability Index

Answer 51

Economic Vulnerability Index -Share of agriculture, forestry, fisheries in GDO -Remoteness and landlockedness -Merchandise export concentration -Instability of exports of goods and services Environmental Vulnerability Index -Share of population in low elevated coasted zones -Share of population living in drylands -Instability of agricultural production -Victims of disasters *The thresholds for inclusion 3 or above and for graduation 32 or below.

Question 52

Threshold for Gross national income(GNI) per capita

Answer 52

$1,088 or below

Question 53

Threshold for Human Assets Index(HAI)

Answer 53

60 or below)

Question 54

Threshold for Economic Vulnerability Index(EVI)

Answer 54

36 or above

Question 55

Are coalitions of nations that address significant international issues

Answer 55

The G8 and G20

Question 56

a group of seven nations that joined together in 1975 to resist the 1973 oil embargo by the Arabs as a protest against the intervention of the US and the UK during the Yom Kippur War.

Answer 56

G7

Question 57

G7 was formally known as...

Answer 57

The Group of Seven Industrialized Nations

Question 58

Members of G7

Answer 58

United States France Canada Japan Italy German Britain

Question 59

G7 was renamed to the _____ in 1997, when ______ was added to the original seven-country line-up.

Answer 59

G8: Russia

Question 60

the ___ and ___ Asserted several political and economic policies that affected other nations

Answer 60

G7 and G8

Question 61

The latest installment of the G8 is called ________, a greater coalition formed in 1999.

Answer 61

G20

Question 62

G20 includes:

Answer 62

Brazil China Saudi Arabia Republic of Korea France Australia Canada Germany Indonesia Argentia Turkey India Russia South Africa Mexico Japan UK US European Union Italy