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TCW > Lesson 9 - The Global Divides > Flashcards

Lesson 9 - The Global Divides Flashcards

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1
Q

Global Divides

A

Developed vs Developing

First World vs Third World

Rich vs Poor

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2
Q

How do we determine which countries are rich and which countries are poor

A

The most widely used in the comparative measure in the comparative status of the socio-economic development is presented by the UNDP known as the HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX(HDI) which was initiated in 1990.

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3
Q

presented by UNDP and initiated in 1990

A

human development Index

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4
Q

aimed to rank all countries and determine the lowest human development and the highest level of development based on the based indicators namely income, health and education(Todoro and Smith, 2012)

A

Human Development index

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5
Q

Indicators of HDI

A

real income(Per capita Income), health and education

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6
Q

According to them, the HDI aimed to rank all countries and determine the lowest human development and the highest level of development based on the based indicators namely income, health and education

A

Todoro and Smith, 2012

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7
Q

this refers to the total of all goods and services produced and provided within a country’s borders, divided by its population

A

Per capita Income

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8
Q

Formula for Per capita Income

A

=GDP/Population

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9
Q

is measured based on the life expectancy at birth, the rate of undernourishment, the under-5 mortality rate and the crude birth rate

A

Health

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10
Q

is the number of adult males and females reported or estimated to have the basic abilities and capability to read and write

A

Literacy

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11
Q

It also included the number of years attended school regardless of the quality of education received.

A

Education

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12
Q

Top 10 Contries’ Income Per capita(IMF, 2020)

A

Luxembourg
Switzerland
Ireland
Norway
United States
Singapore
Denmark
Iceland
Qatar
Australia

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13
Q

Top 15 Countries with the highest life expectancy

A

Japan
Switzerland
Spain
Australia
Singapore
Canada
France
Italy
South Korea
Norway
Sweden
Iceland
Luxembourg
Israel
New Zealand

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14
Q

Top 10 countries with the Highest HDI(2021)

A

Switzerland
Norway
Iceland
Hongkong
Australia
Denmark
Sweden
Ireland
Germany
Netherlands

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15
Q

Top 10 lowest HDI

A

South Sudan
Chad
Niger
Central African Republic
Burundi
Mali
Mozambique
Burkina Faso
Yemen
Guinea

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16
Q

In 2019, Philippine ranks ____ in the UN HDI.

A

106th with 0.712 HDI

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17
Q

Prior to the HDI there have been moves that created a literal and visual division among the different countries in the world. One is the ___________ in the 1980’s which was written by the Independent Commission headed by Willy Brandt to review international development issues in the 1980’s. This result formed the so-called Brandt Line.

A

Brandt Report

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18
Q

Brand Report was written by?

A

Independent Commission headed by Willy Brandt

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19
Q

Brandt report results formed the so-called _____.

A

Brandt Line

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20
Q

is a clear graphic presentation of a Noth and South division of their economies of the different countries which were based on their GDP(Gross Domestic Product) per capita.

A

Brandt Line

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21
Q

The implication of the Brandt Line is that the ………

A

countries in the Northern part of the world are extremely wealthy while those countries appearing and lying on the southern part of the line are considered poor.

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22
Q

The introduction of the Brandt line initiated the use of the term…..

A

Global North and Global South

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23
Q

Global North and Global South referring respectively to

A

rich and poor countries(Royal Geographical Society, 2020)

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24
Q

Characteristics of Global North

A
  • composed of wealthy, industrialized and developed nations
  • democratic and capitalist countries
  • Home to all G8(Group of 8 Industrialized Nations; USA, Japan, Russia, Ital, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Canada) Western Europe, Developed Parts of Asia, Australia and New Zealand
  • Technologically Advanced
  • Highly Industrialized
  • Steady market and stable prices of commodities
  • The North Holds 1/4 of the world population and controls 4/5 of the oncome earned anywhere in the world
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25
Characteristics of Global south
- Compromised of poor countries - Africa, Latin Americal and Developing Asia including Middle East - Lacks the right technology - Politically Unstable - Economics are divided - Foreign Exchange earnings are dependent on the primary product exports to the north - Fluctuations of prices - the south holds 3/4 of the world population and has access to 1/5 of the world income
26
Characteristics of Global south: the south holds___ of the world population and has access ___ to of the world income
3/4;1/5
27
Characteristics of Global North: The North Holds ____ of the world population and controls ___ of the oncome earned anywhere in the world
1/4; 4/5
28
True or False Global South is compromised of poor contries such USA, Japan, Russia, Ital, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Canada) Western Europe, Developed Parts of Asia, Australia and New Zealand
False. The mention countries are not poor countries. The poor countries are from Africa, Latin Americal and Developing Asia including Middle East
29
One of the Characteristics of Global South is it lacks the right technology
True
30
According to __________, Global south is a CONCEPT rather than a place. The term "Global south" and similar categories are relevant and were used in the study of globalization. Moreover, the economists, scholars and economic activists made use of the term "global south" to give emphasis and as reference on the global differences in status of countries.
Lisandro Claudio(2011)
31
According to __________, The Global South is everywhere, but it is also somewhere, and that somewhere, located at the intersection of entangled political geographies of dispossession and repossession.
Matthew Sparke(2007)
32
According to __________, The Global South is not a directional designation or a point due south from a fixed north. It is a symbolic designation meant to capture the appearance of the bond that emerged when former colonial institutions that engaged in political projects of decolonization and moved toward the realization of a postcolonial international order.
Siba Groyogui(2011)
33
According to __________, Global South refers in general to the regions of Latin America, Africa, Oceania and Asia. It is considered similar to the terms "THIRD WORLD" and 'PERIPHERY", that indicate regions outside Europe and North Europe and North America. It refers to mostly(thought not all) low-income and often politically or culturally marginalized countries.
Nour Dados and Rewyn Connell(2012)
34
The term "_______" was used during the cold war - era referring to non- alignment or their rejection of colonialism from both the USSR and USA. The known "_________" comprises of the alliance of those countries in Africa and in Asia that became newly independent after World War 2. Later on joined by countries from Latin America.
Third World
35
era referring to non- alignment or their rejection of colonialism from both the USSR and USA.
Cold war
36
f colonialism from both the USSR and USA. The known "Third World" comprises of the alliance of those countries in ____________ that became newly independent after World War 2.. Later on joined by countries from Latin America.
Africa and in Asia
37
the capitalist, industrialized and democratic countries in the West
First World
38
Communist countries. The alliance of the "third world"
Second World
39
The term Third World has decreased in use after the fall of the ______ and the end of the _____________.
Fall of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War
40
The Third World was replaced with terms such as
developing countries least developed countries the Global south
41
True or False It is safe to conclude that "Global South" and "Third World" are simply the same; just used in different times
True
42
The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development(IBRD) known as the World Bank(Todaro and Smith,2012) has a very popular war of classifying countries known as the_____________________
World Bank's Classification System.
43
Countries classification by World Bank Classification System
Low Income Countries(LICs) Lower Middle Income Countries(LMCs) Upper Middle Income Countries(UMCs) High Income Countries
44
World bank classification system used the ___ for ranking
levels of Gross National Income(GNI) per capita
45
Highest income countries are member of __________
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
46
It is a unique assembly among governments of 38 member states with established market economies working with each other, as well as with more than 70 non-member economies to promote economic growth, prosperity and sustainable development
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
47
Another widely used classification of nation is that of the _______
least developed countries
48
UN's three criteria for Least developed countries
Low Income Low Human Assets High Economic Vulnerability
49
Low Income. An income criterion, based on a three-year average estimate of the gross national income(GNI) per capita. The threshold for inclusion is _____________; the threshold for graduation is _______________
$1,088 or below; $1,306 or above.
50
Low Human Assets Human Assets Index >Health Index-___;__;___ >Education Index-___;__;___
Health index - Under five mortality rate - Prevalence of stunting - Maternal mortality ratio Education Index - Gross secondary school enrolment ratio - Adult literacy rate - Gender parity index for gross secondary school enrolment *The thresholds for inclusion and graduation are 60 or below and 66 or above, respectively
51
High economic Vulnerability Economic and Environmental Vulnerability Index >Economic Vulnerability Index >Environmental Vulnerability Index
Economic Vulnerability Index -Share of agriculture, forestry, fisheries in GDO -Remoteness and landlockedness -Merchandise export concentration -Instability of exports of goods and services Environmental Vulnerability Index -Share of population in low elevated coasted zones -Share of population living in drylands -Instability of agricultural production -Victims of disasters *The thresholds for inclusion 3 or above and for graduation 32 or below.
52
Threshold for Gross national income(GNI) per capita
$1,088 or below
53
Threshold for Human Assets Index(HAI)
60 or below)
54
Threshold for Economic Vulnerability Index(EVI)
36 or above
55
Are coalitions of nations that address significant international issues
The G8 and G20
56
a group of seven nations that joined together in 1975 to resist the 1973 oil embargo by the Arabs as a protest against the intervention of the US and the UK during the Yom Kippur War.
G7
57
G7 was formally known as...
The Group of Seven Industrialized Nations
58
Members of G7
United States France Canada Japan Italy German Britain
59
G7 was renamed to the _____ in 1997, when ______ was added to the original seven-country line-up.
G8: Russia
60
the ___ and ___ Asserted several political and economic policies that affected other nations
G7 and G8
61
The latest installment of the G8 is called ________, a greater coalition formed in 1999.
G20
62
G20 includes:
Brazil China Saudi Arabia Republic of Korea France Australia Canada Germany Indonesia Argentia Turkey India Russia South Africa Mexico Japan UK US European Union Italy

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