Lesson: Knee Joint Flashcards
(22 cards)
The sites in the body where two bones come together?
Joints or Articulations
Primary function of a joint is?
Provide skeletal mobility
Joints are classified their structure, based on the type of tissue that binds the bones together. What are the three types of joint structures?
Fibrous, Cartilaginous, and Synovial
Describe features of Fibrous Joints.
Lacks joint cavity
Dense fibrous connective tissue
Immoveable
What are the three types of Fibrous Joints?
Suture: wavy, interlocking bone edges connected by a minimal amount of short tissue fiber (example skull)
Syndesmosis: Bones are connected by ligaments (Ankle)
Gomphosis: Peg in socket joint (example, teeth)
Describe features of Cartilaginous Joints:
Lacks joint cavity
Made of cartilage
not highly movable
What are the two types of Cartilaginous Joints?
Synchondroses: immovable joints that are connected by hyaline cartilage (articular cartilage). (Example joint between Epiphyseal plate and humerus bone)
Symphyses: Slightly movable joints, articular surface is covered with hyaline cartilage and is attached to a plate of fibrocartilage (example spine).
Describe features of Synovial Joint:
Most common type of joint
Articulating bones are separated by a fluid-filled joint cavity
Free Movement
Has 6 distinguishing features
What are the six features of the synovial joint?
Articular cartilage Joint cavity Articular capsule Synovial fluid Ligaments Nerves and blood vessels
What feature of the synovial joint covers the end of the bone to absorb compression placed on the joint?
Articular Cartilage
What feature of the synovial joint is the space between the bones that contains synovial fluid?
Joint Cavity
What feature of the synovial joint is comprised of the fibrous capsule and synovial membrane, layers that enclose the joint cavity?
Articular Capsule
What feature of the synovial joint has a viscous, egg-white consistency that occupies all free space in the articular capsule?
Synovial Fluid
What does the nerves in the synovial joint help detect?
Pain and help monitor joint position and stretch.
What is the primary component of synovial fluid?
Blood vessels that supply the synovial membrane with blood filtrate?
The synovial joint is classified by what six shapes?
Plane Hinge Pivot Condyloid Saddle Ball-and-socket
What synovial joint shape has a flat surface and capable of gliding movement which occurs when a flat bone surface moves back and forth or side to side over the other? Examples of synovial joint is found in the hand.
Plane Joint
What synovial joint shape has a curved end where one bones conforms to the recessed end of another bone to allow for an angular movement along a single plane. Found in elbow.
Hinge Joint
What synovial joint shape has a cylindrical end where one bone fits within a ring of another bone/ligament to allow for uniaxial rotation. Found in Neck, allowing individuals to move their heads side to side.
Pivot Joint
What synovial joint shape has an oval shaped convex end of a bone that fits into a corresponding oval shaped concave end of another bone which allows for all angular motions. Found in writes and knuckles.
Condyloid Joint
What is the shape of the synovial joint where each end of a connecting bone has both convex and concave areas (shaped like a saddle) that allows for significant movement. Found in thumb.
Saddle Joint
What is the shape of the synovial joint where the round end of one bone fits within a cup-shaped socket of another bone, allowing for multiaxial movements. Found in the shoulder and hip.
Ball-and-socket joint
