Lesson_1_Arabic_Grammar_Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is Nahw (النحو)?
Nahw is the science that teaches how to join nouns, verbs, and particles to form correct Arabic sentences and determine the i’rab (إِعْرَاب) of the last letter of words.
What are the subject and purpose of Nahw?
Subject: Words and sentences (الكلمة والكلام). Purpose: To read, write, and understand Arabic correctly, especially the Qur’an, Hadith, and other Islamic texts.
What is a kalimah (كلمة) in Arabic?
A meaningful word, divided into 3 types: noun (اسم), verb (فعل), and particle (حرف).
What is an ism (اسم)?
A noun understood without needing another word and has no tense. Examples: رَجُلٌ, بَيْتٌ.
Can an ism have both alif-laam and tanween?
No, an ism can never have both ال and tanween at the same time.
What is a fiʿl (فعل)?
A verb understood without needing another word and has tense (past, present/future). Examples: نَصَرَ, يَضْرِبُ.
What is a harf (حرف)?
A particle that only has meaning when joined to a verb or noun. Examples: مِن, عَلَى.
Classify: جَلَسَ
فعل (verb)
Classify: وَ
حرف (particle)
Classify: فَتَاة
اسم (noun)
Classify: كَسَرَ
فعل (verb)
What is a primary ism (جامد)?
An ism not derived from another word and no word is derived from it. Example: فَرَس (horse).
What is a root ism (مصدر)?
An ism from which other words are derived. Example: ضَرْب (hitting).
What is a derived ism (مشتق)?
An ism that is derived from a مصدر. Example: ضَارِب (one who hits).
What are the types of fiʿl?
- Past (ماض) e.g., ضَرَبَ
- Present/Future (مضارع) e.g., يَضْرِبُ
- Imperative (أمر) e.g., اضْرِبْ
- Prohibitive (نهي) e.g., لَا تَضْرِبْ
What are the types of harf?
- Causative (عامل): causes i’rab change, e.g., في المسجدِ
- Non-causative (غير عامل): does not affect i’rab, e.g., ثُمَّ, وَ
