Lessons 11-18 Flashcards
Learn Vocabulary for lessons 11-18 (14 cards)
Categorical statements
a statement that affirms or denies something about a given subject.
Subject
the term being described, or about which something is asserted.
Predicate
the term that describes or asserts something about the subject.
Quantity
the scope of a statement’s claim about the extension of the subject: Universal (entire extension) or particular (partial.)
Quality
the positive or negative nature of a statement’s claim about the subject: affirmative (asserts something) or negative (denies something.)
Square of Opposition
A diagram of the basic relationships between categorical statements that have the same subject
and predicate.
A Statement
A categorical statement of the form All S is P, also called a universal affirmative.
O Statement
A categorical statement of the form Some S is not P, also called a particular negative.
E Statements
A categorical statement of the form No S is P, also called a universal negative.
I Statements
A categorical statement of the form Some S is P, also called a particular affirmative.
Contrariety
When two statements can both be false but not both be true.
Subcontrariety
Both statements can be true but they cannot both be false.
Subimplication
The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality, in which the truth of the universal necessitates the truth of the particular.
Superimplication
The relationship between a universal and particular statement of the same quality, in which the falsity of the particular necessitates the falsity of the universal.
