Lessons 3 and 4 Hydrosphere and Atmosphere

Question 1

Water stored in cracks and spaces between particles of soil and underground rocks

Answer 1

Groundwater

Question 2

An underground layer of rock or soil that has connected pores, or holes, that water can pass through

Answer 2

Aquifer

Question 3

The boundary between where freshwater ecosystems meets a saltwater ecosystem

Answer 3

Estuary

Question 4

The process of carrying away soil or pieces of rock

Answer 4

Erosion

Question 5

The dropping off of eroded soil and bits of rock

Answer 5

Deposition

Question 6

The process of removing salt from salt water in order to be used by living things

Answer 6

Desalination

Question 7

The process of removing salt from salt water in order to be used by living things

Answer 7

Desalination

Question 8

The slow changing of a liquid into a gas below the boiling point

Answer 8

Evaporation

Question 9

The changing of a gas into a liquid as heat is removed

Answer 9

Condensation

Question 10

Water that falls from clouds to the ground in the form of rain, sleet, hail, or snow

Answer 10

Precipitation

Question 11

The average weather pattern of a region over time

Answer 11

Climate

Question 12

The boundary between two air masses; examples include cold fronts, warm fronts and stationary fronts.

Answer 12

Front

Question 13

3% of Earths Water is freshwater which is mostly

Answer 13

Frozen

Question 14

Provides freshwater for homes, farms, and businesses

Answer 14

Running water

Question 15

Is an artificial lake that stores water

Answer 15

Reservoir

Question 16

70% of the Earths surface is ________ water.

Answer 16

Salty

Question 17

Name the two most abundant minerals in the ocean water.

Answer 17

Sodium, Chloride

Question 18

Is the largest percentage of dissolved materials in the ocean water.

Answer 18

Sodium chloride or salt

Question 19

Is a measure of how salty water is.

Answer 19

Salinity

Question 20

Fast running water ecosystems have more _________ than slower running water.

Answer 20

Oxygen

Question 21

Is an ecosystem that is wet during some or all of the year

Answer 21

Wetland

Question 22

Wetlands include:

Answer 22

Marshes, Bogs, Swamps

Question 23

Estuaries change with the ________

Answer 23

Tide

Question 24

_______ is the constant movement of ocean water

Answer 24

Current

Question 25

________is a powerful cause of erosion

Answer 25

Gravity

Question 26

Fast-moving rivers can wash away soil and rocks, depositing them into a lake and ocean. The built up sediment can form a land form called a _______

Answer 26

Delta

Question 27

________ Where land and a body of water meet

Answer 27

Shoreline

Question 28

_____ any area of shoreline made of materials deposited by waves

Answer 28

Beach

Question 29

_ __________Cause rocks to hit off of other rocks and move sand and rock pieces to other locations, such as forming beaches, sandbars and barrier islands

Answer 29

Waves

Question 30

The _______ is the energy source for the water cycle

Answer 30

Sun

Question 31

Step 1 _______ or changes from a liquid to a gas in the form of _________.

Answer 31

Water evaporates, Water vapor

Question 32

_______ is when water evaporates from the leaves of the plants

Answer 32

Transpiration

Question 33

Step 2 Water vapor cools in the process of ___________.

Answer 33

Condensation

Question 34

________ form which is condensed water vapor in the atmosphere.

Answer 34

Clouds

Question 35

Step 3 _________ occurs as water falls from the clouds.

Answer 35

Precipitation

Question 36

_________ occurs as water falls from the clouds.

Answer 36

Runoff

Question 37

________ is a region that contributes water to a river or river system

Answer 37

Watershed

Question 38

_______ is the condition of the atmosphere at a given time and place

Answer 38

Weather

Question 39

_______ is the force of air pushing on an area

Answer 39

Air pressure

Question 40

_______ is a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air

Answer 40

Humidity

Question 41

_______ is the height above Earths surface and is measured from sea level

Answer 41

Altitude

Question 42

________ is a slow process that breaks down rocks into smaller pieces

Answer 42

Weathering

Question 43

________ air masses form over the northern polar region

Answer 43

Cold, dry

Question 44

_________ air masses form over the northern polar waters.

Answer 44

Cold, moist

Question 45

_________ air masses form over tropical land

Answer 45

Warm, dry

Question 46

________ air masses form over tropical waters

Answer 46

Warm, moist

Question 47

________ front brings light steady rain

Answer 47

Warm

Question 48

________ fronts brings stormy weather

Answer 48

Cold

Question 49

_________ fronts cause rainy weather to last for days

Answer 49

Stationary