Leukocytes

Question 1

How do monocytes look like?

Answer 1

very big in size, nucleus is big and is u-shaped (kidney shaped)

Question 2

How do neutrophils look like?

Answer 2

multi-lobed nucleus, funky nucleus, first on sight

Question 3

How do eosinophils look like?

Answer 3

bi-lobed nucleus, grains always stain red

Question 4

How do basophils look like?

Answer 4

they vary but they have big blue grains that obscure their nucleus and their nucleus has the shape of mickey mouse’s ears

Question 5

How do lymphocytes look like?

Answer 5

tiny, nucleus takes up most of cell

Question 6

What is the function of neutrophils?

Answer 6

phagocytes: destroy invaders by eating or engulfing them

Question 7

What is the function of eosinophils?

Answer 7

secrete chemicals that destroy parasitic worms, chemical warefare

Question 8

What is the function of basophils?

Answer 8

secrete chemicals such as histamine, heparin, and kinins for allergic reactions (overly sensitive immune systems)

Question 9

What is the function of lympocytes?

Answer 9

immunity, tiny but mighty, secrete chemicals (mainly antibodies) to inactivate any pathogens that enter the body

Question 10

What is the function of t-lymphocytes?

Answer 10

manage immune response

Question 11

What is the function of b-lymphocytes?

Answer 11

become plasma cells and produce antibodies

Question 12

What is the function of natural killer (NK) cells?

Answer 12

attack abnormal and infected tissue cells

Question 13

What is the function of monocytes?

Answer 13

phagocytes, for long-term infections

Question 14

What does a phagocyte do?

Answer 14

destroy invaders by eating/engulfing them

Question 15

What are the two categories of leukocytes?

Answer 15

agranulocytes and granulocytes

Question 16

What are granulocytes?

Answer 16

grains inside cytoplasm that stain blue or purple, grains can be so large that they obscure the nucleus

Question 17

What are agranulocytes?

Answer 17

not a lot of grains, they have intact nucleus (not bi-lobed or multi-lobed)

Question 18

How many leukocytes are granulocytes? What are they?

Answer 18

There are three in total: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.

Question 19

How many leukocytes are agranulocytes? What are they?

Answer 19

There are two in total: monocytes and lympocytes

Question 20

What is the main function of leukocytes?

Answer 20

components of blood that defends body against disease

Question 21

What is the function of histamine?

Answer 21

causes inflammation (inflammation isn’t bad, you just don’t want too much of it)

Question 22

What is the function of heparin?

Answer 22

thins blood so it runs faster

Question 23

What is the function of kinins?

Answer 23

attracts leukocytes to the area

Question 24

What is the saying to remember leukocytes in order of greatest to least abundance?

Answer 24

Never let monkeys eat bananas (Neutrophils, leukocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils)

Question 25

What is leukopenia?

Answer 25

too little lymphocytes

Question 26

What is leukocytosis?

Answer 26

production of leukocytes

Question 27

What is leukemia?

Answer 27

malignancy in leukocyte forming cells, abnormal, too many, don't work right, there are many types of leukemia

Question 28

What is neutrophilia?

Answer 28

increase of neutrophils

Question 29

What is neutropenia?

Answer 29

decrease of neutrophils

Question 30

What is lymphocytosis?

Answer 30

increase of lymphocytes

Question 31

What is lymphocytopenia?

Answer 31

decrease of lymphocytes

Question 32

Why does the abundance of eosinophils change?

Answer 32

increase because of allergic reactions, parasites, some autoimmune diseases

Question 33

Why does the abundance of monocytes increase?

Answer 33

increase because of chronic inflammatory disorders or tuberculosis

Question 34

Why does the abundance of monocytes decrease?

Answer 34

decrease because of prolonged prednisone therapy

Question 35

Why does the abundance of basophils increase?

Answer 35

increase because of myeloproliferative disorders (overproduction in bone marrow)

Question 36

Why does the abundance of basophils decrease?

Answer 36

decrease because of acute allergic reactions and stress reactions

Question 37

What is the abundance percentage of neutrophils?

Answer 37

fifty - seventy percent

Question 38

What is the abundance percentage of eosinophils?

Answer 38

one - four percent

Question 39

What is the abundance percentage of basophils?

Answer 39

less than one percent

Question 40

What is the abundance percentage of lymphocytes?

Answer 40

twenty - forty percent

Question 41

What is the abundance percentage of monocytes?

Answer 41

two - eight percent

Question 42

What is the major chemical produced by monocytes?

Answer 42

antibodies

Question 43

What cells do lymphocytes make?

Answer 43

t-lymphocytes, b-lymphocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells

Question 44

What is the life span of leukocytes?

Answer 44

the life span of leukocytes in tissues ranges from 4-5 days to years, to decades (depending on if leukocyte is granulocyte or agranulocyte)

Question 45

What leukocyte lives the longest and why?

Answer 45

lymphocytes live the longest because they're for immunity

Question 46

What is the life span of granulocytes?

Answer 46

4-5 days to years

Question 47

What is the life span of agranulocytes?

Answer 47

4-5 days to decades

Question 48

What is the percentage of leukocytes in circulating blood?

Answer 48

account for one percent of circulating blood

Question 49

How are leukocytes categorized into agranulocytes and granulocytes?

Answer 49

depends on the staining grains in their cytoplasm

Question 50

Why do leukocytes have receptor sites on the outside?

Answer 50

for linking, forming antibody chains, secreting chemicals, and adhering to foreign cells to kill or lyse them

Question 51

What is hemopoiesis?

Answer 51

the production of formed elements (leukocytes, erythrocytes, and thrombocytes)

Question 52

How many leukocytes does the average adult produce every day?

Answer 52

5,000 - 10,000

Question 53

What is DIF and what is it used for?

Answer 53

Differential white blood cell (leukocyte) count, doctors call for this when they want to see what's going on in a patient

Question 54

Where can lymphocytes and monocytes be found and what do they do in there?

Answer 54

they can be found in the lymph nodes, they destroy pathogens

Question 55

Where do lymphocytes circulate?

Answer 55

they circulate in your lymph fluid

Question 56

What is lymph fluid?

Answer 56

everyday, a liquid portion of your blood is pushed out of your blood vessels into your lymph vessels, then travels through lymph nodes so lymphocytes can kill off/inactivate the pathogen

Question 57

What is lymphoma?

Answer 57

it's a type of blood cancer: lymphocytes are immature, not working right which causes them to not replicate right