Level 4 Flashcards
(263 cards)
1
Q
Bacchus is not really the Roman name for Dionysus, the Greek god of wine. Bacchus, in fact, is simply another Greek name for Dionysus. With what purely Roman god was he associated? Bonus: Give me the name for this god’s main festival and the month in which it occurs.
A
LIBER LIBERALIA, MARCH
2
Q
You’re in the countryside, looking at a beautiful landscape. You say to your friend, Locus est amoenius. Now change that to the plural. Bonus: Now distinguish between the plural nominatives loca and loci.
A
LOCA SUNT AMOENIA LOCA REFERS TO PLACES and LOCI REFERS TO PASSAGES IN A BOOK
3
Q
What marshes, south of Rome along the coast, remained the haunt of highwaymen and robbers until well into the Empire? Bonus: What emperor of the 2nd century attempted in vain to have the Pomptine Marshes drained?
A
POMPTINE MARSHES TRAJAN
4
Q
Why people have double names in the ancient is a real puzzle. But, in any case, what were the names by which the son of Achilles was known? Bonus: What common circumstance did Neoptolemus share with Philoctetes?
A
PYRRHUS AND NEOPTOLEMUS THE PROPHECY THAT TROY WOULD NOT FALL UNTIL NEOPTOLEMUS FOUGHT ON THE GREEK SIDE
5
Q
Sometimes a Roman general was denied a triumph by the Senate and held one anyway, paid for out of his own pocket. Where were such triumphs usually held? Bonus: Sometimes a general was awarded a lesser form of triumph, in which he entered Rome not in a chariot but on horseback. What was this called?
A
ON THE ALBAN MOUNT OVATION (OVATIO)
6
Q
Welcome to the Upper Level Finals of the Ad Fontes Certamen. Participles yet again. We all know that the dative of agent is regularly used with the gerundie or the Future Passive Periphrastic construction. But with what participle is the dative of agent commonly seen? Bonus 1: Keeping that in mind, translate the following sentence, which might have come from the mouth of a tyrant or king: Mihi deliberatum et constitutum est. Bonus 2: In poetry, the use of the dative of agent was even more widely used, appearing commonly with what type of verb?
A
PERFECT PASSIVE PARTICIPLE IT HAS BEEN DECIDED AND DELIBERATED BY ME PASSIVE VERBS
7
Q
When the Gauls attacked Rome in 390 B.C., who led the Roman garrison in repelling the attack on the citadel? Bonus 1: Who was appointed dictator to drive the Gauls out of Rome? Bonus 2: With what title was Camillus rewarded for this service to Rome?
A
M. MANLIUS CAPITOLINUS CAMILLUS THE SECOND FOUNDER OF ROME
8
Q
Adrastus, Polynices, Tydeus, Capaneus, Parthenopaeus, Mecisteus, and Amphiaraus are all part of what group? Bonus 1: What Greek playwright immortalized this group by a play of the same name? Bonus 2: What poet of the Silver Age of Latin recounted the same story in his epic Thebaid?
A
THE SEVEN AGAINST THEBES AESCHYLUS STATIUS
9
Q
A comitia of course is an assembly of the Roman people, but what was the name of the place where the comitia normally met? Bonus 1: Tell me the names of the three comitia under the Republic. Bonus 2: Which of these had the duty of formally conferring imperium by means of a lex de imperio on the magistrates and later on the emperors?
A
COMITIUM COMITIA CURIATA, CENTURIATA, TRIBUTA COMITIA CURIATA
10
Q
Translate this verse and tell me it’s author: Exegi monumentum aere perennius. Bonus 1: In what work did Horace say this line? Bonus 2: In that same poem, what does Horace consider his greatest poetic achievement to be?
A
I HAVE BUILT A MONUMENT MORE LASTING THAN BRONZE and HORACE THE ODES TO HAVE ADAPTED GREEK METER INTO LATIN POETRY
11
Q
The perfect tense tetuli makes its appearance in Plautus, but how would Cicero have written it? Bonus 1: If tetuli had survived it would have made fero what type of verb? Bonus 2: Petronius is famous for odd verb forms. How would Cicero have written his fellitus sum?
A
TULI A REDUPLICATIVE FALSUS SUM
12
Q
The games that Aeneas held in Sicily were in honor of whom? Bonus 1: In which book of the Aeneid does these games occur? Bonus 2: Who was the Trojan king of Eryx who entertained Aeneas and his followers during their stay in Sicily?
A
ANCHISES 5 ACESTES
13
Q
Who was the worshiper of the deus Sol invictus, an odd emperor of Rome who did himself no good with the conservative Roman establishment by instituting orgiastic ceremonies of his Syrian cult? Bonus 1: Elagabalus was actually related to the Severan dynasty. His mother Iulia Bassiana was niece to what powerful woman, the wife of Septimius Severus and mother of Caracalla and Geta? Bonus 2: When dynasties changed in Rome, new emperors often adopted the name of some predecessor by spurious adoption. Elagabalus was a Varius by birth, a Severan by maternal blood, but what was the gens name he adopted (as Caracalla had done before him) in his official nomenclature?
A
ELAGABUS IULIA DOMNA AURELIUS
14
Q
A few unfortunates in the ancient world were marked out for special punishment in the Underworld. What was the crime and punishment of Ixion? Bonus: 1: How was Ixion tricked? Bonus 2: Ixion had once been the proud king of what region of Greece?
A
HE TRIED TO SEDUCE HERA and WAS TIED TO A TURNING WHEEL FOR ETERNITY ZEUS FORMED A CLOUD IN HERA’S LIKENESS THESSALY
15
Q
Tombstone Latin is sometimes grim. Translate this inscription found on a Roman gravestone near a road: Viator, viator! Quod tu es, ego fui; quod nunc sum, et tu eris. Bonus 1: This fellow must have a delightful soul with a keen sense of humor. Translate his tomb inscripton: Vixi quem ad modum volui; quare mortuus sum, nescio. Bonus 2: This inscription, a common one, may have a Christian meaning: Ego cum eo eo eo.
A
TRAVELLER, TRAVELLER! WHAT YOU ARE, I WAS; WHAT I AM NOW, YOU ALSO WILL BE I LIVED HOW I WANTED, WHY I AM DEAD NOW, I DO NOT KNOW I AM GOING THERE WITH HIM
16
Q
Who am I? I was a disciple of Plato and brought my master to Syracuse in 367. I was banished later by the tyrant of Syracuse, but then returned in 357, captured Syracuse and ruled there off and on until my assassination in 357. You all know so much about me because Plutarch wrote my biography. Bonus 1: Which Dionysius was this, the First or Second? Bonus 2: In his parallel lives, Plutarch matched this man with this historical figure, a man who also fought against tranny and created chaos in his homeland.
A
DION FIRST BRUTUS
17
Q
What author established hexameter as the meter for Roman poetry? Bonus 1: Well, we don’t have much poetry of Lucilius, but we have a number of Satires of Juvenal? In fact, how many have come down to us? Bonus 2: One of these Satires is a famous tirade against women. Which one was it?
A
LUCILIUS 16 SATIRE VI
18
Q
If you saw a bottle that said q.i.d., you might be able to give me the Latin of abbreviation and tell me what it means. Bonus 1: What kind of number is quater? Bonus 2: Now give me the distributive of this number.
A
QUATER IN DIE and 4 TIMES A DAY NUMERICAL ADVERB QUATERNI
19
Q
The earliest assembly at Rome was called the comitia curiata, instituted under the kings. It eventually lost its legislative and electoral functions to the comitia centuriata, but apart from passing the lex de imperio what function did it retain until late in the Empire? Bonus 1: What official probably presided over the meetings of the comitia curiata in the late Republic? Bonus 2: What momentous change was made concerning electoral assemblies during the reign of Tiberius?
A
THE VALIDATION OF WILLS/CONFIRMATION OF PRIESTS/CONFIRMATION OF ADOPTIONS THE PONTIFEX MAXIMUS THE ELECTION OF MAGISTRATES WAS TRANSFERRED TO THE SENATE
20
Q
Who was the king of Thebes, talented at the lyre? Bonus 1: Who gave Amphion his lyre? Bonus 2: What task did Amphion accomplish with the lyre?
A
AMPHION HERMES HE PUT THE STONES OF THE CITY WALLS IN PLACE
21
Q
Being completely alliterative say in Latin “I will dedicate the teeth of the dragons, gifts to the gods”. Bonus 1: Say alliteratively: “Decius slept sweetly at home”. Bonus 2: That was easy. But now say alliteratively: “Rabarius again looks back at the royal pyre”.
A
DICABO DENTES DRACONUM DONA DEIS DECIUS DULCITER DORMIT DORMI RABIRIUS RURSUS RESPEXIT ROGUM REGIUM
22
Q
What are the modern names of these ancient cities? Watch out - it starts easy, but gets harder! Londinium, Lugdunum, Augusta Treverorum. Bonus 1: How about these? Antium and Masillia. Bonus 2: Now what were these modern cities called by the Romans: Rhodes and Perugia?
A
LONDON, LYONS, TRIER ANZIO and MARSEILLE RHODOS and PERUSIA
23
Q
What general lost his command by the lex Manilia? Bonus: Lucullus had invaded Armenia in pursuit of Mithridates and his army revolted and refused to march further. Who was the ringleader of this revolt? Bonus: At what new capital of Armenia being founded by Tigranes did this revolt occur?
A
LUCULLUS P. CLODIUS PULCHER TIGRANOCERTA
24
Q
What is a noun called, such as domus, which varies between declensions? Bonus 1: How about a noun that varies in gender, like dies? Bonus 2: Some nouns are found in only one case. What are these nouns called?
A
HETEROCLITE HETEROGENOUS MONOPTOTES
25
When recognized, perform the following command: Sta et primam partem fabulae trium ursorum anglice narra mihi. Bonus: Now perform this command: State uno pede et cantate modo gallinae.
STAND AND SAY IN ENGLISH THE FIRST PART OF THE STORY OF THE THREE BEARS STAND ON ONE FOOT AND SING LIKE A CHICKEN
26
Listen to the following passage. I will read it twice. Then answer the question concerning that passage. Coriolänus malus cïvis erat sed bonus mïles. Römänï nüllum frümentum habëbant et timëbant magnam famem. Iam rëx in Siciliä Römänïs multum frümentum dederat sed Coriolänus frümentum pauperibus nön dabat. Itaque pauperës Coriolänum ex urbe exturbävërunt. Why was Coriolanus driven from Rome? Bonus: From where had that grain come?
BECAUSE HE DID NOT SHARE THE GRAIN WITH THE POOR FROM THE KING IN SICILY
27
Welcome to the Upper Level Finals of the Ad Fontes Certamen. Let's start with a little geography. In what region would you find the cities Utica, Cirta, and Zama? Bonus 1: Where would you find the cities Ilerda, Gades, and Corduba? Bonus 2: Where would you find the cities Pergamum, Smyrna, and Ephesus?
AFRICA SPAIN ASIA MINOR
28
With what great confederation of tribes did Rome fight a long series of war between 340 and 285 B.C. resulting in their conquest of the moutainous interior of Italy? Bonus 1: The Romans were not always successful. What was the name of the area where a Roman army was surrounded by the Samnites in 323 B.C. and forced to surrender? Bonus 2: When the Samnites wars were over, it wasn't long before the Romans faced a more dangerous antagonist in Southern Italy, who always defeated them but could never win the decisive victory. Who was he?
SAMNITES THE CAUDINE FOLKS PYRRHUS
29
Participles yet again. Listen carefully to this sentence: Ab oppido discessuri videmus hostes advenientes. What are the two tenses of the participles in that sentence? Bonus 1: Please translate that sentence. Bonus 2: Now make everything singular in that sentence.
FUTURE AND PRESENT WE, ABOUT TO LEAVE THE TOWN, SAW THE ENEMY ARRIVING AB OPPIDO DISCESSURUS, VIDEO HOSTIS ADVENIENTEM
30
Ancient warships weren't much for fighting. What was their standard weapon for sinking an enemy's ship? Bonus 1: The Romans improved on this by use of a corvus. What kind of device was this? Bonus 2: Much later the Romans developed a frightening weapon to defend Constantinople against the Arabs, a secret weapon that burned on water and could not be extinguished. What was it called?
RAM BOARDING PLANK GREEK FIRE
31
Being completely alliterative, say in Latin "Kings ruled at Rome". Bonus 1: Now the same for "The boys fought beautiful pigs". Bonus 2: Now the same for "Why does Crassus kill the swift stag".
REGES ROMAE REXERUNT PUERI PULCHROS PORCOS PUGNAVERUNT CUR CRASSUS CELEREM CERVUM CAEDIT
32
What is the central event of Book VI of the Aeneid? Bonus 1: What is the central event of Book V? Bonus 2: What is the central event of Book IV?
AENEAS' JOURNEY TO THE UNDERWORLD GAMES IN HONOR OF ANCHISES THE ROMANCE OF AENEAS AND DIDO, THE DEATH OF DIDO
33
It was certainly tragic, but had the virtue of being quick and often painless. By what means did two great enemies of Rome, Hannibal and Cleopatra, end their lives? Bonus 1: Hannibal was handy with snakes, too. By what means did he defeat the Roman fleet off Asia Minor in 190 B.C.? Bonus 2: Some of Rome's greatest enemies were not killed in battle, but captured and taken to Rome for execution. Who was the leader of the Gallic revolt of 52-51 who suffered this fate?
POISON JARS FULL OF VIPERS WERE CATAPULTED ONTO THE ROMAN SHIPS VERCINGETORIX
34
Women never fared well after the fall of a city. To whom was Cassandra given as a concubine? Bonus 1: To whom was Hecuba given as a slave? Bonus 2: To whom was Andromache given?
AGAMEMNON ODYSSEUS NEOPTOLEMUS (PYRRHUS)
35
Here's a word to the wise: Qui a multis timetur, multos timet. What does that mean? Bonus 1: How about this little nugget of wisdom: Quae sunt maximae divitiae? Non desiderare divitias. Bonus 2: Along the same lines: Est difficillimum se ipsum vincere.
HE WHO IS FEARED BY MANY, FEARS MANY WHAT IS THE GREATEST WEALTH? NOT TO DESIRE WEALTH THE MOST DIFFICULT THING IS TO CONQUER YOURSELF
36
Place these coins in order of value, from least to greatest: quadrans, denarius, sestertius. Bonus 1: What was the denarius minted from? Bonus 2: What is the literal meaning of quadrans?
QUADRANS, SESTERTIUS, DENARIUS SILVER A FOURTH PART
37
What early Roman writer, who might have been a freed slave, is well known for his comedy Pseudolus? Bonus 1: Another of Plautus' famous plays is Miles Gloriosus. Translate that title into English. Bonus 2: Plautus was followed by another Roman writer of comedies, more sophisticated and less well known. Who was he?
PLAUTUS THE BRAGGART SOLDIER TERENCE
38
If you saw a bottle with the abbreviation t.i.d., you might be able to give me the Latin of abbreviation and tell me what it means. Bonus 1: What kind of number is quater? Bonus 2: Now give me the distributive of this number.
TER IN DIE, THREE TIMES A DAY NUMERICAL ADVERB TERNI
39
At the Battle of Cynoscephalae in 197 B.C. T. Quinctius Flamininus utterly defeated what Macedonia king, who shared his name with the father of Alexander the Great? Bonus 1: Flaminius won that victory because his legions were more flexible than the rigid Macedonian battle formation. What was the Macedonian formation called? Bonus 2: After ending the war, Flaminius proclaimed the freedom of the Greeks at what Greek city?
PHILIP PHALANX CORINTH
40
Who resolved the dispute between Zeus and Hera about which gender, men or women, enjoys sex more? Bonus 1: What was Teiresias' answer? Bonus 2: Why would he know?
TEIRESIAS WOMEN HE HAD BEEN BOTH MAN AND WOMAN
41
What do the Latin nouns coma and crinis mean? Bonus 1: What is your frons? Bonus 2: What are your supercilia?
HAIR FRONS EYEBROWS
42
In what Roman province would you find the city Alesia? Bonus 1: In what province would you find Munda? Bonus 2: Where would you find Thapsus?
GAUL SPAIN AFRICA
43
What general took over the command against Mithridates by the lex Manilia? Bonus 1: From whom did he take it over? Bonus 2: What handsome Roman youth had led the mutiny against Lucullus as prelude to the loss of his command?
POMPEY LUCULLUS P. CLODIUS PULCHER
44
Why is humus an unusual noun? Bonus 2: What other large category of 2nd declension nouns are feminine?
IT TAKES THE LOCATIVE AND IT'S FEMININE THE NAMES OF TREES
45
When recognized, perform the following command: Sta et primam partem fabulae de tribus porcis parvis mihi narra. Bonus 1: Now perform this command: Sta et primam partem fabulae de Nivea et septem homunculis narra mihi. Bonus 2: Now perform this command: Sta et narra mihi primam partem fabulae de Auricoma et tribus ursis.
STAND AND SAY THE FIRST PART OF THE STORY ABOUT THE THREE PIGS STAND AND SAY THE FIRST PART OF THE STORY ABOUT SNOW WHITE AND THE SEVEN DWARVES STAND AND SAY THE FIRST PART OF THE STORY ABOUT GOLDILOCKS AND THE THREE BEARS
46
What English word derives from the Latin word that means “things that must be done”? “A-----” is just one of many future passive participles that have come to English unchanged. For your bonus, give these English words that are Latin future passive participles. Bonus 1: “Something that must be brought back (to the people)” Bonus 2: "Something that must be remembered”
AGENDA REFERENDUM MEMORANDUM
47
What was Dido’s dead husband’s name? Bonus 1: When Dido finally dies in the Aeneid, whom does Juno send to take a lock of her hair as an offering in the underworld? Bonus 2: Who was Dido’s evil brother?
SYCHAEUS IRIS PYGMALION
48
Translate “leader” in the following sentence: He knew that the leader would come to Rome. Bonus 1: From the same sentence, translate “would come.” Bonus 2: Make the phrase above a perfect infinitive.
DUCEM VENTURUM ESSE VENISSE
49
Give the Latin comparative adjective and meaning from which the English word “ameliorate” comes. Bonus 1: What is the comparative of “malus?” Bonus 2: Make the adjective above superlative.
MELIOR- BETTER PEIOR PESSIMUS
50
What woman with powers of sorcery helped Jason obtain the Golden Fleece? Bonus 1: What Trojan woman had the power of prophecy? Bonus 2: What Greek king killed his father while trying to avoid a prophecy that said he’d do just that?
MEDEA CASSANDRA OEDIPUS
51
Use an ablative absolute to translate the subordinate clause in this sentence: “After dinner was prepared, everyone sat down to eat.” For your bonus, translate the subordinate clauses in the following sentences as ablative absolutes: Bonus 1: When Augustus was leader, Rome thrived. Bonus 2: If peace is made, all nations will rejoice.
CENA PARATA AUGUSTO DUCE PACE FACTA
52
What figurative device is evident in the first 3 words of the Aeneid? Bonus: What two poetic devices are used in the phrase: “magno cum murmure montis?”
METONYMY ALLITERATION, ONOMATOPOEIA, PERSONIFCATION
53
What lyric meter has each line consist of eleven syllables? Bonus 1: What poet wrote this line of hendecasyllabic? “Vivamus mea Lesbia atque amemus.” Bonus 2: What Greek poet was the poet above honoring by naming his lover Lesbia?
HENDECASYLLABIC CATULLUS SAPPHO
54
What Roman orator was considered the best advocate of all? Bonus 1: His most famous oration was against which conspirator? Bonus 2: What rhetorical device is illustrated by his famous words: “O tempora, O mores!”
CICERO CATILINE APOSTROPHE
55
What ablative is illustrated in this sentence? “Miles erat fortior ullo homine.” Name the uses of ablative in the following sentences: Bonus 1: Caesar vir humili genere erat. Bonus 2: Captivus gladio interfectus est.
ABLATIVE OF COMPARISON ABLATIVE OF DESCRIPTION ABLATIVE OF MEANS
56
What case would “we” be in this sentence? We had to do the work. Bonus 1: Say in Latin: It had to be seen. Bonus 2: Translate “working” in this sentence: We did it by working hard.
DATIVE VIDENDUM ERAT LABORANDO
57
Who took Aeneas to the underworld? Bonus 1: Who was Aeneas’ faithful companion? Bonus 2: Whom did Aeneas have to defeat in Latium?
SIBYL ACHATES TURNUS
58
What Shakespearean tragedy would the Romans have called “Labor amoris amissus?” Bonus 1: What classic would this be? “ Fortis novus orbis terrarum” Bonus 2: How about this one? “Murum et hominum”
LOVE'S LABOR LOST BRAVE NEW WORLD OF MICE AND MEN
59
Give the genitive singular endings from 1st through 5th declension. Bonus 1: Now give the ablative singular endings. Bonus 2: Now give the genitive plural endings.
AE, I, IS, US, EI A, O, E, U, E ARUM, ORUM, UM, UUM, ERUM
60
What mythological father and son were the first to fly? Bonus 1: What famous winged horse flew?
DAEDALUS and ICARUS PEGASUS
61
What Roman holiday was similar to our Christmas? Bonus 1: To what deity was the holiday of Lupercalia dedicated? Bonus 2: What happened to some slaves during the Roman Christmas?
SATURNALIA FAUNUS THEY COULD EXCHANGE ROLES WITH THEIR MASTERS/BECOME FREE TEMPORARILY
62
What use of the subjunctive is illustrated in this sentence? Miratus est quid puellae in casa agerent. Bonus 1: Translate the above sentence. Bonus 2: Make “agerent” pluperfect.
INDIRECT QUESTION HE WONDERED WHAT THE GIRLS WERE DOING IN THE HOUSE EGISSENT
63
What do the verbs obliviscor and memini have in common? Bonus 1: What else is special about “obliviscor?” Bonus 2: Give 3 deponent verbs that take the ablative case.
BOTH TAKE THE GENITIVE CASE IT IS A DEPONENT VERB UTOR, FRUOR, FUNGOR, POTIOR, VESCOR
64
Where would you be if you were floating down the river Phlegethon? Bonus: What river were souls who had not received proper burial forbidden to cross?
THE UNDERWORLD STYX
65
This round is over, but don’t shout for joy! Say in Latin “Don’t shout.” Bonus 1: Say in Latin “Come, my son.” Bonus 2: What command in Latin is the first person sg. personal pronoun in English?
NOLI CLAMARE/NOLITE CLAMARE VENI, MI FILI I
66
Translate "not to go" in the following sentence. He persuaded us not to go. Bonus 1: Translate the subjunctive verb in this sentence: He asked me where I was going. Bonus 2: Translate the subjunctive verb in this sentence: I will urge him to follow.
NE IREMUS IREM SEQUATUR
67
What Roman king is said to have laid out the Circus Maximus for chariot racing? Bonus 1: How were the factiones identified? Bonus 2: During the Empire, there were four factiones identified by what colors?
TARQUINIUS PRISCUS BY COLOR BLUE, GREEN, RED, WHITE
68
In 667 B.C. Alba Longa and Rome decided to settle a matter of power with a duel. What two families participated in the duel? Bonus 1: Which family fought for Rome? Bonus 2: How many of this families' brothers were killed?
HORATII AND CURIATII HORATII TWO
69
Complete this analogy. Astyanax : _____ : : Ascanius : Aeneas. Bonus 1: _____ : the man above : : Creusa : Aeneas Bonus 2: the first man above : _____ : : Aeneas : Anchises
HECTOR ANROMACHE PRIAM
70
Which of the following metrical feet is NOT used in dactylic hexameter: dactyl, iamb, spondee, or trochee? Bonus 1: A trochee will be used - if at all - only in one foot of a line of dactylic hexameter. Which one? Bonus 2: How many dactyls are in the first line of the Aeneid?
IAMB THE SIXTH (OR LAST) THREE
71
What deponent verb is a synonym for tempto? Bonus 1: Give the gerund of conor in the genitive case. Bonus 2: Give the present imperative plural of conor.
CONOR CONANDI CONAMINI
72
Give the nomen of the famous Roman whose praenomen was Marcus and whose cognomen was Cicero. Bonus 1: Give the cognomen of the author whose name begins Publius Ovidius. Bonus 2: Give the praenomen of the author whose name finishes Vergilius Maro.
TULLIUS NASO PUBLIUS
73
What Latin phrase signified a man who was the first in his family to achieve senatorial rank? Bonus 1: What phrase signified the regular order of offices that formed the Roman political ladder? Bonus 2: What phrase was used by Cicero to address the Senate?
NOVUS HOMO CURSUS HONORUM PATRES CONSCRIPTI
74
Who in mythology killed a series of bandits, including Procrustes, on his way to see his father? Bonus 1: To what city was Theseus going? Bonus 2: Who was Theseus' father, the king of Athens?
THESEUS ATHENS AEGEUS
75
What genre of literature often begins in medias res? Bonus 1: What epic begins with the wrath of Achilles? Bonus 2: What epic begins with the wrath of Juno?
EPIC POETRY THE ILLIAD THE AENEID
76
In the phrase mirabile dictu, what grammatical form is dictu? Bonus 1: Translate mirabile dictu. Bonus 2: Translate the supine in the phrase "awful to see."
SUPINE WONDROUS TO SAY VISU
77
What member of Rome’s First Triumvirate ran the fire brigade? Bonus 1: Who was the wealthiest member of the First Triumvirate? Bonus 2: Who was the first member of the triumvirate to die?
CRASSUS (x3)
78
Give the meaning of the idiom res novae. Bonus 1: Give the idiom using res that means "accomplishments." Bonus 2: Who wrote a book named with the idiom above, in which he bragged about finding Rome a city of brick and leaving it a city of marble?
REVOLUTION RES GESTAE AUGUSTUS
79
Take the number of the Muses, add the number of the Graces, and give the total in Latin. Bonus 1: Take the number of children Rhea Silvia had, multiply by the number of children Leto had, and add the number of sons Niobe had. Give your answer in Latin. Bonus 2: Responde Latine. Quot sorores Iupiter habebat?
DUODECIM DUODEVIGINTI TRES
80
What literary device is illustrated in this line from Ovid? Sonuerunt cymbala toto litore et attonita tympana pulsa manu. Bonus 1: What literary device is defined as "the use of the conjunction to add each member in a series"? Example: et color et Theseus et vox. Bonus 2: What literary device is defined as "the omission of the conjunction in a series"?
ONOMATOPOEIA/CONSONANCE POLYSYNDETON ASYNDETON
81
What particular Latin verbal construction is illustrated by the following sentence? Hoc est faciendum mihi. Bonus 1: Translate hoc est faciendum mihi. Bonus 2: Use a passive periphrastic to say in Latin, "We must do that."
PASSIVE PERIPHRASTIC/FUTURE PASSIVE PARTICIPLE PLUS THE VERB “TO BE” I MUST DO THIS/THIS MUST BE DONE BY ME ILLUD (ID) FACIENDUM/AGENDUM NOBIS
82
One famous Roman author died and another was born in the year 43 B.C. Name them both. Bonus 1: Who was responsible for this author's death? Bonus 2: After this author's death, how did Marc Antony get revenge on him for the Philippics?
CICERO DIED AND OVID WAS BORN SECOND TRIUMVIRATE (MARC ANTONY) HE HAD CICERO'S HEAD AND HANDS CUT OFF AND DISPLAYED ON THE ROSTRA
83
Translate the following line. Vivamus, mea Lesbia, atque amemus. Bonus 1: "Lesbia" was the pseudonym for what Roman woman? Bonus 2: What kind of animal was Lesbia's pet?
LET US LIVE, MY LESBIA, AND LET US LOVE. CLODIA SPARROW
84
Of the mythological women Alcmene, Amphitrite, Demeter, and Semele, which one did not bear a child of Zeus? Bonus 1: Of these women, which one was the mother of Heracles? Bonus 2: In what form did Zeus appear to Semele, and what was the result?
AMPHITRITE ALCMENE AS HIS TRUE FORM, AND IT KILLED HER
85
In Book I of the Aeneid, who says these words? Forsan et haec olim meminisse iuvabit. Bonus 1: In the same book, who says "dux femina facti"? Bonus 2: Who says, "O fortunati, quorum iam moenia surgunt"?
AENEAS VENUS AENEAS
86
What is the nomen of the author of poems to Lesbia? Bonus 1: What is his praenomen? Bonus 2: In what city was Gaius Valerius Catullus born?
VALERIUS GAIUS VERONA
87
After what mythological characters are mosaics named? Bonus: Who was the muse of epic poetry?
THE MUSES CALLIOPE
88
Translate this sentence into Latin: he hated me. Bonus 1: Try this one: He will hate me. Bonus 2: And this one: He carried it away today. (Using aufero)
ODERAT ME ODERIT ME ABSTULIT HODIE
89
We are all familiar with the famous Latin phrase, “seize the day.” Please make both words in this phrase plural. Bonus 1: Now make the phrase “Beware of the dog” plural. Bonus 2: Do the same for “That is.”
CARPITE DIES CAVETE CANES EA SUNT
90
What wildly popular series of books would the ancient Romans have called: “Figulus Pilosus”? Bonus 1: Professor Severus Snape is Harry’s least favorite teacher. What is the meaning of Professor Snape’s first name? Bonus 2: One of the passwords to the Gryffindor tower is “Caput Draconis.” Please translate this phrase.
HARRY POTTER GRAVE, STRICT, STERN HEAD OF A DRAGON
91
Who was the first Etruscan king of Rome? Bonus 1: Who was his wife? Bonus 2: With what special power is this king generally associated?
(LUCIUS) TARQUINIUS PRISCUS TANAQUIL PROPHECY
92
What structures might one find lining the Via Appia outside of the city walls? Bonus 1: What did the Romans call the line that demarcated the sacred boundaries of the city? Bonus 2: What road, lined with temples, ran through the Forum Romanum?
TOMBS POMERIUM VIA SACRA
93
The paint for frescoes was applied on top of what white substance? Bonus 1: What Pompeiian house includes brilliantly colored frescoes depicting unidentifiable religious practices? Bonus 2: One Pompeiian fresco depicts a figure with an extremely large phallus. This figure is so proud of his phallus that he is weighing it. Who is he?
PLASTER VILLA OF THE MYSTERIES PRIAPUS
94
In Latin, instruct Marcus to speak! Bonus 1: Now instruct Cornelius to do it! Bonus 2: Now tell Marcella to lead!
MARCE, DIC CORNELI, FAC MARCELLA, DUC
95
Give the 1st person singular present active subjunctive form of “esse." Bonus 1: Make “sim” imperfect. Bonus 2: Make “essem” indicative.
SIM ESSEM ERAM
96
What rhetorical device is evident in the sentence, “Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.”? Bonus 1: The repetition of the “p” sound could indicate what other rhetorical device? Bonus 2: What is the repetition of vowel sounds known as?
ALLITERATION/CONSONANCE CONSONANCE/ALLITERATION ASSONANCE
97
Imagine that you are a diehard Certamen player from a powerhouse Certamen school. You live, breathe, and eat Certamen. You practice Certamen for 3-hours a day after school. You only date fellow Certamen players. You cry like a baby when you lose Certamen matches. You want to be married in your Latin teacher’s room, so that your Certamen trophies will surround you. To what goddess would you undoubtedly have prayed prior to this competition, in order to ensure that you will be victorious? Bonus 1: Say in Latin, “I cry like a baby when I am conquered in Certamen.” Bonus 2: Say in Latin, “I wish to be married in my Latin teacher’s classroom.”
NIKE FLEO UT INFANS CUM VINCAR IN CERTAMINE VOLO IUNGERI IN CAMERA MAGISTRI/MAGISTRAE LINGUAE LATINAE
98
There is a painting by Goya in the Museo del Prado in Madrid that depicts a Roman god consuming a headless, bloody child. This painting shares its name with what god? Bonus 1: Which child survived the filial cannibalism of Saturn? Bonus 2: How did he survive Saturn?
SATURN JUPITER HIS MOTHER WRAPPED A ROCK IN BLANKETS AND GAVE THE ROCK TO SATURN, WHO ATE IT THINKING THAT IT WAS JUPITER
99
In what meter is Vergil’s Aeneid written? Bonus 1: In what meter is much of Catullus poetry, including the poem that begins with the word “Vivamus.” Bonus 2: Please parse the word “vivamus.”
DACTYLIC HEXAMETER HENDECASYLLABIC 1ST PLURAL PRESENT ACTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE
100
Catullus uses the word “Vivamus” in his fifth poem. What type of subjunctive does this word employ? Bonus 1: Say in Latin, “May y’all hear me.” Bonus 2: Now say in Latin, “Let me love!”
VOLITIVE/JUSSIVE ME AUDIATIS AMEM
101
Name the mythological hottie who fell in love with his own reflection. Bonus 1: Which nymph, clearly interested only in looks, pined away for this dude? Bonus 2: Into what kind of flower was Narcissus transformed?
NARCISSUS ECHO NARCISSUS
102
Which Roman Emperor, who ruled from 193-211 AD, was from Africa? Bonus 1: What dynasty of emperors did this emperor found? Bonus 2: What emperor, who built a complex of baths in Rome, succeeded the above emperor?
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS SEVERANS ANTONINUS/CARACALLA
103
Who ignored Aeneas when he attempted to visit her in the Underworld? Bonus 1: Who was the sister of this woman? Bonus 2: What Latin phrase, recited by Cato, urged the demise of Carthage?
DIDO ANNA CARTHAGO DELENDA EST
104
Who received the agnomen “Africanus” for his defeat of Hannibal? Bonus 1: From what island in the Mediterranean did Africanus invade Africa? Bonus 2: In what battle did he defeat the Carthaginian general Hannibal?
(PUBLIUS CORNELIUS) SCIPIO SICILY ZAMA
105
What famous Egyptian queen did Marc Antony fancy? Bonus 1: In what city, famous for its library and lighthouse, was Cleopatra born? Bonus 2: At what battle were Antony and this queen defeated?
CLEOPATRA (VII) ALEXANDRIA ACTIUM
106
Translate the relative clause in the following sentence with a participial phrase. “We saw the men who were coming to the forum.” Bonus 1: Translate the participle now: “We saw the men who were about to come to the forum.” Bonus 2: Now use a relative clause and translate the whole sentence. “We saw the men who were coming out of the forum.”
VENIENTES AD FORUM VENTUROS VIROS VIDEBAMUS QUI EX FORO VENIEBANT
107
Which Roman king founded a settlement on the Palatine Hill? Bonus 1: Which of the seven kings of Rome was, as a child, the slave of a king? Bonus 2: Which Roman king was the first to take a census?
ROMULUS SERVIUS TULLIUS SERVIUS TULLIUS
108
What Shakespearean play would the Romans have called Somnium Mediae Noctis? Bonus 1: In the play-within-a-play in the play above, a mythological love story is performed. Who are the lovers in this story, which features a dangerous lioness and a mulberry bush? Bonus 2: Another Shakespearean play draws from the story of Pyramus and Thisbe for its entire plot. Name this play.
A MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM PYRAMUS AND THISBE ROMEO AND JULIET
109
Quid est? It was a mythological creature whose blood was toxic. It lived in Lernea. Juno sent a crab to try to keep anyone from killing it; the crab was defeated but became the constellation Cancer. Every time one of its nine heads was cut off, another two grew back. Bonus 1: Killing the creature above was Heracles' second labor. What was his first? Bonus 2: Who gave Heracles his labors?
HYDRA KILLING THE NEMEAN LION EURYSTHEUS
110
Name Ovid's most famous work. Bonus 1: For what literary form is Martial best known? Bonus 2: During what age of literature did Ovid write?
METAMORPHOSES EPIGRAMS GOLDEN AGE/AUGUSTAN AGE
111
Use an ablative construction to say in Latin, "The son is taller than the father." Bonus 1: Translate the sentence again, without an ablative. Bonus 2: Now use an ablative to say, "The mothers are smaller than the daughters."
FILIUS ALTIOR PATRE EST FILIUS EST ALTIOR QUAM PATER MATRES MINORES FILIABUS SUNT
112
What is DCI plus DCI in Roman numerals? Bonus 1: What is DCI minus CXC? Bonus 2: What is CDXI plus CDIV?
MCCII CDXI DCCCXV
113
What emperor succeeded Marcus Aurelius? Bonus 1: Who succeeded the man above? Bonus 2: Who succeeded the man above?
COMMODUS PERTINAX DIDIUS JULIANUS
114
Where in the Underworld did heroes and good people go after death? Bonus 1: Where were sinners punished? Bonus 2: Who ferried dead souls across the river into the Underworld, and what was the name of that river?
ELYSIUM OR THE ELYSIAN FIELDS TARTARUS CHARON, THE STYX
115
"Nihil agis, nihil moliris, nihil cogitas . . ." is an example of which of the following literary devices: alliteration, anaphora, antithesis, or hyperbole? Bonus 1: The Latin word velut introduces which of the following literary devices: antithesis, chiasmus, litotes, or simile? Bonus 2: Name the literary device found in the phrase “Quos ego...”
ANAPHORA SIMILE APOSIEOPESIS
116
Translate into English: Cuius libris uteris? Bonus 1: Give the principal parts of the verb in that sentence. Bonus 2: Give the principal parts of the verb fungor.
WHOSE BOOKS ARE YOU USING? UTOR, UTI, USUS SUM FUNGOR, FUNGI, FUNCTUS SUM
117
What dynasty of emperors ruled Rome from 69 to 96? Bonus 1: Which of the Flavian emperors began the construction of the Colosseum? Bonus 2: Which of the Flavians was emperor when Pompeii was destroyed?
FLAVIANS VESPASIAN TITUS
118
Name the room in a Roman house which was furnished with a mensa and tres lecti. Bonus: What were the mappae or lintea used at a Roman cena?
TRICLINIUM NAPKINS
119
Who was the youngest of the Olympian gods, whose followers are known as the Maenads or "frenzied ones"? Bonus 1: The mother of the god above was the daughter of the founder of Thebes. Name this paternal grandfather of Dionysus. Bonus 2: What Latin adjective was also a Roman name for the god whose followers were the Maenads?
DIONYSUS CADMUS LIBER
120
Which two of the following people were Roman historians? Livy, Martial, Plautus, Tacitus, Thucydides Bonus 1: Which two of the following were poets? Horace, Lucretius, Plato, Pliny, Terence Bonus 2: Which of the following is a comedic playwright? Caesar, Petronius, Plautus, Seneca, Vergil
LIVY AND TACITUS HORACE AND LUCRETIUS PLAUTUS
121
What use of the dative is illustrated in the following sentence? Duas legiones praesidio reliquit. Bonus 1: What dative construction is "Caesar" in the following sentence? “Duas legiones praesidio Caesari reliquit.” Bonus 2: What term is used for this pair of constructions?
PURPOSE REFERENCE DOUBLE DATIVE
122
What was Appius Claudius' office at the time that he built aqueducts in Rome as well as a major road leading southeast? Bonus: To what town did the Via Appia, designed by Appius Claudius, originally lead?
CENSOR CAPUA
123
What were Eurus, Notus, and Zephyrus? Bonus 1: Who was the king of the winds? Bonus 2: To what sailor did Aeolus give a bag of winds, to help this sailor get home from the Trojan War?
WINDS AEOLUS ODYSSEUS
124
Give the nominative, genitive, and gender of the fifth declension noun from which "diet" and "diary" are derived. Bonus 1: What judicial term means "to not set a date"? Bonus 2: Give a phrase using dies that can be used to refer to a daily allowance or payment.
DIES, DIEI, M. SINE DIE PER DIEM
125
How many elisions are in the following line from the Aeneid? “litora multum ille et terris iactatus et alto” Bonus 1: How many spondees are in that line? Bonus 2: The line that follows is: “multa quoque et bello passus dum conderet urbem.” What is the Latin name of the urbem mentioned?
TWO FOUR ROMA
126
Which one of the following does not belong and why: Canis, corpus, caput, cubiculum? Bonus: Amor, of course, is a noun and means love. But what other part of speech, with what meaning, can it be?
CANIS, NOT NEUTER VERB, I AM LOVED
127
Which of the following does not belong, and why: Captus, locutus, visus, lectus? Bonus: What's out of place here and why: Ars, meta, auriga, nox?
LOCUTUS, PERFECT ACTIVE PARTICIPLE AURIGA, MASCULINE
128
What use of the ablative is seen in this sentence: Marcus altior Lucio est? Bonus: Say that sentence without using an ablative.
COMPARISON MARCUS ALTIOR QUAM LUCIUS EST
129
Make celeris manus accusative. Bonus: Now make it genitive plural.
CELEREM MANUM CELERIUM MANUUM
130
In the sentence "He thinks he has enough money", how would you say in Latin "enough money". Bonus: Give me the one that doesn't belong, along with its gender and meaning: tempus, vulgus, quercus, pelagus.
SATIS PECUNIAE QUERCUS, FEMININE, OAK
131
Polybius, the Greek historian, was sent to Rome as hostage after the victory of Paulus over the Macedonia king at what battle in 168 B.C.? Bonus: Who was the Macedonian king whom Paulus defeated?
PYDNA PERSEUS
132
Coram, prae, and palam are prepositions that govern what case? Bonus: Each of these words can also be used as what other part of speech?
ABLATIVE ADVERB
133
In the sentence "I came as an aid for my son" translate "as an aid to my son". Bonus: In the sentence, "Carthago Romanis delenda est", what is the case and constructoin of Romanis?
AUXILIO FILIO ABLATIVE OF AGENCY
134
What Greek herald at Troy had a loud, brazen voice? His name gives us the English word for extremely loud or booming, particularly in a voice? Bonus: Who was the ugliest of the Greeks at Troy? He dared to speak against and ridicule Agamemnon. His name gives us the English word for loud, abusive, and scurrilous.
STENTOR THERSITES
135
The mascot for the University of Virginia is the Cavalier, which is derived from the Latin word caballus, which means what? Bonus: We must give equal time to Virginia Tech, whose motto is the Fighting Gobbler. The Romans didn’t know about turkeys, but they did have peacocks. What is the Latin word for peacock?
HORSE BUBO
136
Who was the maiden who was sacrificed by her father so that the Greek fleet could set sail for Troy? Bonus: Who was this maiden’s mother who later conspired with her lover to kill Agamemnon when he returned home from the war?
IPHIGENIA CLYTEMNESTRA
137
The subsititution of Vulcanus for ignis is an example of what poetic device? Bonus: The phrase magno cum murmure montis represents what two poetic devices?
METONYMY ALLITERATION AND ONOMATOPOEIA
138
Catullus writes in Carmen 49 that he is tanto pessimus omnium poeta/ quanto pessimus omnium patronus. Who is this patron to whom Catullus refers? Bonus: Catullus also writes in Carmen 93 that he doesn’t care to know utrum sis albus an ater homo. To whom is he speaking in this poem?
CICERO JULIUS CAESAR
139
What mythological figure does Catullus describe in his lines: tam gratum est mihi quam ferunt puellae/ pernici aureolum fuisse malum? Bonus: What figure of speech is found in the next line when that golden apple zonam soluit diu ligatam?
ATLANTA EUPHEMISM (FOR LOSS OF VIRGINITY)
140
After what battle did Vergil lose his family farm in northern Italy when it was confiscated to provide land for soldiers? Bonus: What Roman historian, literary patron, statesman, and supporter of the emperor Augustus was responsible for interceding on Vergil’s behalf to help him retrieve his property?
PHILIPPI (GAIUS ASINIUS) POLLIO
141
Ovid writes in his Ars Amatoria that girls spectatum veniunt, veniunt spectentur ut ipsae. According to this line, why is the Circus Maximus a goodplace to find girls? Bonus: In the line spectatum veniunt, veniunt spectentur ut ipsae, what form is spectatum?
BECAUSE GIRLS COME TO SEE AND BE SEEN SUPINE
142
What in ancient Rome was a naumachia? Bonus: What was a naufragium?
A MOCK NAVAL BATTLE SHIPWRECK
143
What two reasons in Latin does Ovid give for his exile from Rome? Bonus: Ovid was exiled to a bleak outpost on the Black Sea called Tomi. In what modern country was Tomi, now called Costanza, located?
CARMEN ET ERROR BULGARIA
144
Odysseus made a journey to the Underworld in order to seek advice on how to get home. While there, much to his dismay, he ran into Anticlea. Who was she? Bonus: Odysseus also ran into this Greek hero who refused to speak to him because he was still upset over losing Achilles’ armor to him. Who was this hero?
HIS MOTHER AJAX
145
Complete the following analogy- tetigi : tango :: _____ : parco. Bonus: Complete this analogy- tetigi : tango :: _____ : consisto.
PEPERCI CONSTITI
146
In the Aeneid, Vergil writes, una Eurusque Notusque ruunt creberque procellis/ Africus. Generally speaking, what are Eurus, Notus, and Africus? Bonus: A few lines later, Vergil writes that these things, fluctusque ad sidera tollit. What figure of speech does this phrase illustrate?
WINDS HYPERBOLE
147
Which river in the Underworld was the river of lamentation and woe? Bonus: Which was the river of fire?
COCYTUS (PERI)PHLEGETHON
148
What mythological creature was half-horse, half-fish? Bonus: What half-man, half-fish son of Poseidon typically rode this creature?
HIPPOCAMPUS TRITON
149
What is the term in Latin poetry for the avoidance of an elision at a point where it would normally occur? Bonus: What is the term used to describe the special type of elision in Latin poetry in which words ending in a vowel plus an “M” are elided with words beginning with a vowel or an “H”?
HIATUS ECTHLIPSIS
150
Name the building being described: At one point, probably the largest free-standing building of its type in the world. By the use of barrel vaults and arches four stories high, concentric rings lead into the arena. Bonus: In what year was this building opened by the Emperor Titus?
COLOSSEUM AD 80
151
Which emperor tried to have his annoying, busy-body mother killed by building a collapsible boat? Bonus: What was the name of this mother?
NERO AGRIPPINA (THE YOUNGER)
152
What figure of speech is illustrated in this line from Vergil’s Aeneid: Post mihi non simili poena commissa luetis? Bonus: Identify one figure of speech illustrated in Martial’s line "Difficilis facilis, iucundus acerbus es idem"?
LITOTES OXYMORON, PARADOX, ASYNDETON
153
What Republican poet was the author of De Rerum Natura? Bonus: De Rerum Natura espouses what philosophy?
LUCRETIUS EPICUREANISM
154
In Book I of the Aeneid, Vergil writes dux femina facti. To whom does this statement refer? Bonus: Who speaks the words dux femina facti and whom is the speaker addressing?
DIDO/ELISSA VENUS IS ADDRESSING AENEAS (and ACHATES)
155
What emperor’s dying words in translation were “Oh my, I think that I am turning into a god!” Bonus: Name this emperor’s two sons who also were to become emperor.
VESPASIAN TITUS AND DOMITIAN
156
Catullus writes in Carmen 27, Minister vetuli puer Falerni,/ inger mi calices amariores. What is this Falerni? Bonus: The poem continues, ut lex Postumiae iubet magistrae. What function is Postumia performing at this drinking party?
A TYPE OF WINE MAGISTER (-A) BIBENDI
157
About the head of which king of Rome did flames appear when he was a child? Bonus: Who, in the Aeneid, had a similar experience?
SERVIUS TULLIUS ASCANIUS/IULUS
158
What is the Latin word for the fresh juice pressed from grapes? Bonus: What is the Latin word for spoiled wine, which was often used as vinegar or given to slaves?
MUSTUM ACETUM
159
What Latin poet was the author of the phrase Forsan et haec olim meminisse iuvabit? Bonus: Translate this phrase into English.
VERGIL PERHAPS ONE DAY IT WILL HELP TO REMEMBER EVEN THESE THINGS
160
Which of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World is described here? It’s dedicatory inscription reads: “To you, O Sun, the people of Dorian Rhodes set up this bronze statue reaching to Olympus when they had pacified the waves of war and crowned their city with the spoils taken from the enemy. Not only over the seas but also on land did they kindle the lovely torch of freedom.” Bonus: Which of the Seven Wonders is described here? Pausanias writes, “In his right hand a figure of Victory made from ivory and gold. In his left hand, his scepter inlaid with all metals, and an eagle perched on the sceptre. The sandals of the god are made of gold, as is his robe.”
COLOSSUS OF RHODES TEMPLE OF ZEUS AT OLYMPIA
161
What was the name of the Greek who was left behind at Troy to convince the Trojans to take the horse into the city? Bonus: What was the name of the Trojan priest who tried to convince the Trojans not to take the horse into the city and exclaimed “I fear Greeks, even those bearing gifts”?
SINON LAOCOON
162
What is the 3rd person singular, imperfect active subjunctive of the Latin verb from which we get the English word “tractor”? Bonus: Change this to the pluperfect tense, keeping all else the same.
TRAHERET TRAXISSET
163
Horace wrote, exegi monumentum aere perennius. What was this monument more lasting than bronze? Bonus: What is the meaning of Horace’s phrase aurea mediocritas?
HIS POETRY THE GOLDEN MEAN
164
What Roman poet claimed exegi monumentum aere perennius? Bonus: Who was this poet's literary patron?
HORACE MAECENAS
165
In Carmen 8, Catullus asks, seemingly with a broken heart: Cui videberis bella? Translate this sentence into English. Bonus: Two lines later Catullus asks: Cui labella mordebis? Translate this sentence.
TO WHOM WILL YOU SEEM BEAUTIFUL? WHOSE LITTLE LIPS WILL YOU NIBBLE?
166
Identify the common bond: Eurus, Notus, Boreas, and Zephyr. Bonus: Which one of the winds was the father of two of the Argonauts?
WINDS BOREAS
167
Does the English word “pelagic” refer to land, germs, skin, sea, or fear? Bonus: Does the English word “sidereal” refer to star, sun, moon, giant, or sand?
SEA STAR
168
What is the first person singular pluperfect active indicative of amo? Bonus 1: How can this form be translated into English? Bonus 2: Give the future perfect form, keeping person, mood and voice the same.
AMAVERAM I HAD LOVED AMAVERO
169
What prominent Roman, a contemporary of Julius Caesar, was married to Terentia? Bonus 1: What is the meaning of the cognomen of this man? Bonus 2: In what year did this Roman die?
(MARCUS TULLIUS) CICERO CHICKPEA 43 BC
170
In the sentence “deo volente, Brutus mox aderit” what is the name for the construction of “deo volente”? Bonus 1: What form of participle is “volente” (give tense and voice)? Bonus 2: Change “volente” to the plural, keeping the case the same.
ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE PRESENT ACTIVE VOLENTIBUS
171
Of what was Thalia the muse? Bonus: Who was the mother of the Muses?
COMEDY MNEMOSYNE
172
What poetic device is illustrated by the words “magno cum murmure montis”? Bonus 1: These words come from the Aeneid. What is the name for the meter of that poem? Bonus 2: Give the full name of the poet.
ALLITERATION, ONOMATOPOEIA DACTYLIC HEXAMETER PUBLIUS VIRGILIUS NASO
173
What Roman writer, renowned for his letters, witnessed the destruction of Pompeii? Bonus 1: In what year did this event occur? Bonus 2: Name the famous volcano on the island of Sicily.
PLINY THE YOUNGER 79 AD MT. ETNA
174
Who wrote a poem beginning “vivamus, mea Lesbia, atque amemus”? Bonus 1: In what meter is it written? Bonus 2: Give the person, tense and mood of “vivamus.”
CATULLUS HENDECASYLLABICS FIRST PERSON PLURAL PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE
175
What is the genitive singular of “mater bona”? Bonus: What English word meaning “motherly” comes from mater?
MATRIS BONAE MATERNAL
176
Name Hercules’ first wife. Bonus 1: What terrible fate befell her? Bonus 2: Who was his second wife?
MEGARA HERCULES KILLED HER IN A FIT OF MADNESS DEIANEIRA
177
Translate into Latin: The bad sailor sleeps. Bonus 1: Give the imperfect of sleep (same person, mood). Bonus 2: How would you say “Let us sleep” in Latin?
NAUTUS MALUS DORMIT DORMIEBAT DORMIAMUS
178
What culinary delights were called “glires” in Latin? Bonus 1: What Latin noun is the root of “culinary” and what does the noun mean? Bonus 2: What would be the genitive of glires?
DORMICE CULINA- KITCHEN GLIRUM
179
Give the perfect passive participle (masculine singular) of audio. Bonus 1: How would you translate “vox magistri auditus erat”? Bonus 2: How would you give this command in Latin: “Listen, Claudius!”
AUDITUS THE TEACHER'S VOICE HAD BEEN HEARD AUDI, CLAUDI!
180
What was the name of the man who got into the rites of the Good Goddess disguised as a woman? Bonus 1: At whose house did this event take place? Bonus 2: Caesar famously divorced his wife after the event. Whom did he marry next?
CLODIUS PULCHER JULIUS CAESAR'S CALPURNIA
181
What is the meaning of the expression “ceteris paribus”? Bonus: Which of the following numbers might be described as “par”: tres, quinque, octo?
OTHER THINGS BEING EQUAL OCTO (PAR- EVEN)
182
Translate into Latin: "We use swords". Bonus 1: Change this to “We can use swords”. Bonus 2: Change that to the future.
GLADIIS ULTIMUR GLADIIS UTI POSSUMUS GLADIIS UTI POTERIMUS
183
What was the name of Dido’s first husband? Bonus 1: Who killed him? Bonus 2: What was the name of Dido’s sister?
SYCHAEUS (HER BROTHER) PYGMALION ANNA
184
Which emperor succeeded Tiberius? Bonus: What was the name of his favorite racehorse?
CALIGULA INCITATUS
185
What is the name of the official who interprets the entrails of birds? Bonus 1: On what hill were the Sacred Geese kept? Bonus 2: The Sacred Geese achieved their status originally by warning the city of attackers. Who were these attackers?
HARUSPEX CAPITOLINE GAULS
186
St. Augustine heard the voice of a child saying “Tolle, lege.” What does that mean? Bonus 1: What are the principal parts of tollo? Bonus 2: What is the gerundive of tollo? (give the nominative singular masculine)
PICK UP AND READ TOLLO, TOLLERE, SUSTULI, SUBLATUM/US TOLLENDUS
187
On the subject of gerundives, what is the meaning of Carthago delenda est? Bonus 1: Who said Carthago delenda est? Bonus 2: When was this demand carried out?
CARTHAGE MUST BE DESTROYED (MARCUS) CATO THE ELDER 146 BC
188
What is the plural of omne cornu? Bonus: Which declension does cornu belong to?
OMNIA CORNUA THE 4TH
189
Who was the fourth of the Seven Kings of Rome? Bonus 1: In what century is he traditionally said to have lived? Bonus 2: Who succeeded him?
ANCUS MARCIUS 7TH BC TARQUINIUS PRISCUS
190
What officials were empowered to remove members of the Senate for bad behavior? Bonus 1: How many censors were there at any one time? Bonus 2: What toga were they entitled to wear?
CENSORS TWO TOGA PRATEXTA
191
Rewrite the following sentence in passive form: porcae monstrum timebant. Bonus 1: What is the present passive infinitive of timeo? Bonus 2: Using the passive voice in English, translate the sentence passive sentence.
MONSTRUM A PORCIS TIMEBATUR TIMERI THE MONSTER WAS FEARED BY THE PIGS
192
Who was the brother of Prometheus who was married Pandora? Bonus: What remained in Pandora’s box when all the griefs and troubles had been let out?
EPIMETHEUS HOPE
193
What form of participle is found in the expression “et iterum venturus est”? Bonus 1: In Latin, express the simple future, “He will come.” Bonus 2: Now express the future perfect, “He will have come.” venerit.
FUTURE ACTIVE VENIET VENERIT
194
Listen to the Latin description. Who is being described? Give the Latin name. dea magna est, filia Iovis; avis eius bubo est; dea sapientiae est. Bonus 1: She is said to have sprung from Jupiter’s head. What was she wearing at the time? Bonus 2: She was one of the goddesses at the Judgment of Paris. Who were the other two?
MINERVA ARMOR JUNO and VENUS
195
Answer in English. Cuius filius Cupido est? Bonus 1: Translate “He is Venus’s son” into Latin. Bonus 2: What is the Greek name equivalent to Cupid?
VENUS FILIUS VENERIS EST EROS
196
What city in England was known to the Romans as Aquae Sulis? Bonus 1: What was the Roman name for London? Bonus 2: What Queen of the Iceni led a revolt against Roman rule?
BATH LONDINIUM BOUDICCA/BOADICEA
197
Identify the tense, mood and voice of the verb: ab omnibus laudaretur. Bonus 1: Translate: si pecuniam daret, ab omnibus laudaretur. If he gave money, he would be praised by everybody. Bonus 2: What would be the Latin form for “he would have been praised”?
IMPERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE PASSIVE IF HE GAVE MONET, HE WOULD BE PRAISED BY EVERYBODY LAUDATUS EST
198
Identify the verse form of the following two lines: non amo te, Sabidi, nec possum dicere quare/ hoc tantum possum dicere: non amo te Bonus 1: Who is the author of these lines? Bonus 2: Translate the first line.
ELEGIAC COUPLET MARTIAL I DO NOT LOVE YOU, SABIDIUS, AND I AM NOT ABLE TO SAY WHY
199
A medieval song begins, “Gaudeamus igitur, iuvenes dum sumus.” What is the tense and mood of gaudeamus? Bonus 1: The principal parts of gaudeo are gaudeo, gaudere, gavisus sum. What do you call this kind of verb with a mixture of active and passive forms? semideponent verb. Bonus 2: If we add a –b- to gaudeamus and get gaudebamus, now what tense and mood do we have?
PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE SEMIDEPONENT VERB IMPERFECT INDICATIVE
200
A Roman dining room was designed for how many people to eat together? Bonus 1: What was the Latin name for this room? Bonus 2: A complete feast in Roman times was said to run “ab ovo ad ...” what? Give the Latin word.
NINE TRICLINIUM MALUM/MALA
201
What emperor was originally named L. Domitius Ahenobarbus? Bonus 1: What emperor adopted this person? Bonus 2: What daughter of the person from 1 did the first person marry only to divorce her later and have her put to death?
NERO CLAUDIUS OCTAVIA
202
What is the meaning of the expression “caveat emptor”? Bonus 1: What is the case and number of emptor? Bonus 2: Rewrite the sentence in the plural.
LET THE BUYER BEWARE NOMINATIVE SINGULAR CAVEANT EMPTORES
203
What relative pronoun should be used in translating the sentence “This is the woman to whom he gave the poison”? Bonus 1: What would be the plural of whom (same case)? Bonus 2: What is the difference between the interrogative pronoun and the relative pronoun in the masculine nominative singular?
CUI QUIBUS QUIS, QUI
204
What is the perfect active infinitive of rideo? Bonus 1: What English word meaning “laughable” comes from rideo? Bonus 2: What English word meaning “laughable” comes from the Latin word for game or entertainment?
RISISSE RIDICULOUS LUDICROUS
205
What woman was turned into a cow by Hera and guarded by Argus? Bonus: What god managed to get Argus to close all 100 eyes?
IO HERMES/MERCURY
206
The motto of St. John’s College in Annapolis is “facio liberos ex liberis libris libraque.” What are two meanings of liberi? Bonus 1: What sort of ablative is used in libris libraque? Bonus 2: What is the meaning of libris libraque?
FREE MEN, CHILDREN MEANS BY MEANS OF BOOKS AND A SCALE
207
In Ovid’s Metamorphoses, what god pursues Daphne? Bonus 1: What kind of being is Daphne’s father? Bonus 2: How is Daphne saved from the first god’s unwelcome advances?
APOLLO A RIVER/RIVER GOD SHE BECOMES A TREE
208
What is the case and number of the word dictu in mirabile dictu? Bonus: Mirabile dictu means “wonderful to say.” How would you render “wonderful to see” in Latin, using the same construction?
ABLATIVE SINGULAR MIRABILE VISU
209
In the line of Cleopatras in Egypt, what was the number of the one who was involved with Julius Caesar? In other words,she was known as Cleopatra the Howmanyeth? Bonus 1: What was the name of her brother? Bonus 2: What was the name of the child claimed to be hers and Caesar’s?
SEVENTH PTOLEMY CAESARION
210
What book by Charles Darwin contains a word derived from the Latin word for “appearance” or “particular sort”? Bonus 1: What would be the genitive plural of species in Latin? Bonus 2: What seven-letter English adjective is derived from this noun?
ORIGIN OF SPECIES SPECIERUM SPECIAL
211
In what profession was the groma a useful tool? Bonus 1: What was the name of the curved implement used to scrape down after working out in the gymnasium? Bonus 2: What implement was used to write on a wax tablet?
SURVEYING, ROADBUILDING, ARMY STRIGIL STILUS
212
What building in Rome had a Greek name referring to “all the gods”? Bonus 1: What was the Latin word for the round opening at the top of the this building? Bonus 2: What was the triangular structure above the columns in the front called?
PANTHEON OCULUS PEDIMENT
213
Rewrite this sentence in the pluperfect: Troia magna est. Bonus 1: Translate the pluperfect. Bonus 2: Rewrite the pluperfect in the future perfect.
TROIA MAGNA FUERAT TROY HAD BEEN GRAT TROIA MAGNA FUERIT
214
Finish the following translation of “Clodia said that she did not love Catullus.” Clodia dixit se ... Bonus 1: Change the form of love to make the sentence mean “Clodia said that she had not loved Catullus.” Bonus 2: What is the form of the verb " she had not loved"?
CATULLUM NON AMARE AMAVISSE PERFECT ACTIVE INFINITVE
215
What princess did Perseus rescue from a sea dragon? Bonus 1: Who was Perseus’s mother? Bonus 2: What did Perseus do with the Gorgon’s head once he had cut it off?
ANDROMEDA DANAE GAVE IT TO ATHENA/MINERVA
216
“corruptio optimi pessima” What is the degree of the adjectives in this saying? Bonus 1: Replace optimi with the comparative degree in the same case. Bonus 2: What English verb meaning “to make better, to improve” derives from the comparative of optimi?
SUPERLATIVE MELIORIS AMELIORATE
217
Who said “Vare, redde legiones!” Bonus 1: What disastrous Roman defeat prompted his words? Bonus 2: What was the year?
AUGUSTUS BATTLE OF TEUTONURGEN FOREST 9 AD
218
What Roman fighting formation was named after an animal? Bonus 1: What was the task of the signifer? Bonus 2: What was the military rank of the primipilus?
TESTUDO TO CARRY THE STANDARD CENTURION
219
What mountain range runs up and down the “spine” of Italy? Bonus 1: What mountain was the traditional home of the major gods? Bonus 2: What mountain was the traditional home of the Muses?
THE APPENINES MT. OLYMPUS MT. HELICON
220
The motto of Hogwarts School is “Draco dormiens nunquam titillandus.” What is the form of the word titillandus? Bonus 1: According to this motto, what should one not do to a sleeping dragon? Bonus 2: Change draco dormiens to the accusative singular.
GERUNDIVE TICKLE IT DRACONEM DORMIENTEM
221
Why was Styx rewarded by being made a river by which the gods swear unbreakable oaths? Bonus: Who was the father of Styx?
HE CAME TO ZEUS' AID WHEN THE TITANS ATTACKED OCEANUS
222
In the Roman calendar, what were the nundinae? Bonus: How often did they occur?
MARKET DAYS EVERY EIGHT DAYS
223
What rhetorical device is illustrated by the repetitions in “quod semper, quod ubique, quod ab omnibus”? Bonus 1: What Greek term is used for understatement, such as “Hercules was not a very weak man”? Bonus 2: What about the reverse, exaggeration, such as “I have told you a million times not to snort during class”?
ANAPHORA LITOTES HYPERBOLE
224
The Romans have provided us with many fine words to suggest that people resemble animals. What Latin-based English word mean “piglike”? Bonus: What about “donkeylike” and “sheeplike”?
PORCINE/SUINE ASININE and OVINE
225
What torture would Procrustes inflict upon unwitting passers-by? Bonus: Who finally put Procrustes out of business?
STRETCH THEM OUT OR CHOP THEM UP TO FIT HIS BED THESEUS
226
What use of the genitive is illustrated by the expression “satis vini”? Bonus 1: What does “satis vini” mean? Bonus 2: Similarly, how would you say “more wine” in Latin?
THE WHOLE ENOUGH WINE PLUS VINI
227
What is the ablative singular of res publica? Bonus 1: What declension does res belong to? Bonus 2: What is the genitive plural of res publica?
RE PUBLICA THE FIFTH RERUM PUBLICARUM
228
What kind of objects were a quadrans and a sestertius? Bonus 1: What was a denarius made of? Bonus 2: What coin was made of gold, as its name indicates?
COINS SILVER AUREUS
229
What Republican era poet wrote a lengthy poem called De Rerum Natura? Bonus 1: What philosophical school did this poem and poet espouse? Bonus 2: What did he describe as the smallest components of all matter?
LUCRETIUS EPICUREAN ATOMS
230
What do you call a sentence that reads the same backwards and forwards, like “MUS NON SUM” Bonus 1: What does "mus non sum" mean? Bonus 2: What verb meaning “he holds” is also a palindrome?
PALINDROME I AM NOT A MOUSE TENET
231
What was the Latin name of the shrine for the household gods? Bonus 1: What did they call the offering of wine poured out on the ground?
LARARIUM LIBATION
232
What son of the emperor led the troops for the seige on Masada? What festival celebrated on April 21st was intended to secure the health and safety of the flocks?
TITUS PARILIA
233
Describe the physical appearance of the Sirens. Bonus: Who punished the Sirens by taking away their wings?
BODIES OF WOMEN AND THE WINGS AND LEGS OF BIRDS THE MUSES
234
Rewrite in the active voice (same tense): Caesar a multis viris occisus est. Bonus 1: What is the underlying Latin verb from which occiderunt, “they struck down”, is derived? Bonus 2: What about the verb “occido” with a short i? What verb is it derived from?
MULTI VIRI CAESAREM OCCIDERUNT CAEDO CADO
235
How would you say (using just one Latin word) “she used to be carried”? Bonus: Give the principal parts of porto.
FEREBATUR/PORTABATUR PORTO, PORTARE, PORTAVI, PORTATUM/US
236
What was the priestess of Apollo called? Bonus 1: What animal was associated with Apollo? Bonus 2: Where was Apollo born?
PYTHIA PYTHON DELOS
237
Answer in Latin: Divide the number of tablets of Roman law by the number of Graces and add this to the number of years a consul served in office. Bonus: What is fifty and fiftieth?
QUINQUE QUINDECIM and QUINTUS DECIMUS
238
What English noun comes from the present participle of the verb ago? Bonus 1: Name an English noun derived from the perfect passive participle of ago? Bonus 2: Name an English noun derived from the future passive participle of ago.
AGENT ACT, ACTION, ACTIVITY, ETC. AGENDA
239
In the sentence “veni huc quam celerrime” translate the phrase quam celerrime. Bonus 1: How would you say in Latin “more quickly”? Bonus 2: Give the masculine, feminine and neuter nominative singular of the positive adj. on which this adverb is based.
AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE CELERIUS CELER, CELERIS, CELERE
240
What man survived Zeus' nine day flood and repopulated the Earth with men by casting stones over his shoulder? Bonus 1: Who was this man's wife, who repopulated the Earth with women the same way? Bonus 2: This man was warned of the flood by his father who had the ability to see into the future. Who was this father?
DEUCALION PYRRHA PROMETHEUS
241
When Dido finally dies in the Aeneid whom does Juno send to take a lock of her hair as an offering in the underworld? Bonus: Speaking of Dido, what was her dead husband’s name and who was her evil brother who killed him?
IRIS SYCHAEUS and PYGMALION
242
Translate “leader” in the following sentence: He knew that the leader would come to Rome. Bonus 1: From the same sentence, translate “would come.” Bonus 2: Make “would come” a perfect infinitve.
DUCEM VENTURUM ESSE VENISSE
243
Mantua me genuit, Calabri rapuere, tenet nunc / Parthenope; cecini pascua rura duces. What epic poet is believed to have dictated this epitaph in 19 BC from his deathbed in Brundisium? Bonus: Duces refers to this poet's Aeneid. To what other works of this poet do the words pascua and rura refer?
VERGIL (PUBLIUS VERGILIUS MARO) ECLOGUES (BUCOLICS) AND GEORGICS
244
What name is common to Odysseus’ faithful dog, the all-seeing guardian of Io, and the builder of Jason’s famous ship? Bonus: What name is common to the Muse of comedy and the “graceful” sister of Aglaea and Euphrosyne?
ARGUS THALIA
245
In the first poem of Book I of the Amores, Ovid writes Par erat inferior versus; risisse Cupido / dicitur atque unum surripuisse pedem. According to this couplet, what is Cupid said to have stolen? Bonus: According to this couplet, what besides stealing is Cupid said to have done?
ONE FOOT LAUGHED
246
Which tense of the participle is often used in poetry to show purpose, intention or readiness? Bonus: Using a future active participle, say in Latin: “the dog comes to the kitchen with the intention of eating the food”.
FUTURE ACTIVE CANIS CIBUM CONSUMPTURUS AD CULINAM VENIT
247
Ptolemy Philadelphus, Alexander Helios and Cleopatra Selene are the three children of what ambitious couple, one a Roman triumvir, the other an Egyptian queen? Bonus: What son did Cleopatra bear from a previous relationship with Gaius Julius Caesar?
MARCUS ANTONIUS (MARC ANTONY) AND CLEOPATRA VIII CAESARION/PTOLEMY CAESAR
248
What current movie, based on a gritty comic book, might have its title translated into Latin as Urbs Peccati? Bonus: A pistor can be either a baker or what other profession related to wheat and grain? The word for this profession also happens to be the last name of the author of the Urbs Peccati comic books.
SIN CITY MILLER
249
Using the deponent verb sequor, say (in Latin) to one person, “Follow me.” Bonus: Now, using the verb capiō say in Latin, “Do not take the toga away from me, girls!”
SEQUERE ME A ME, PUELLAE, TOGAM CAPERE NOLITE!
250
What nephew of Toxeus and Plexippus fought with his uncles after killing the Calydonian Boar because he insisted on giving its precious hide to Atlanta? Bonus: The dispute with his uncles ended badly, with this nephew ultimately killing them both. Althea, this nephew’s mother, however, did not take this news of death well. Specifically, how did Althaea avenge the death of her slain brothers?
MELEAGER SHE TOSSED THE LOG THAT WAS TIED TO MELEAGER'S LIFE INTO A FIRE, CAUSING HIS DEATH (WHEN MELEAGER WAS A NEWBORN, THE FATES HAD APPEARED TO ALTHAEA AND REVEALED THAT A CERTAIN LOG WAS THE KEY TO HER SON'S LIFE
251
In what narrow mountain pass did Gavius Pontius and the Samnites trap the Roman army in 321 BC, during the Second Samnite War? Bonus: When the Roman army was forced to surrender, what humiliation did the soldiers have to suffer?
CAUDINE FORKS/FURCULAE CAUDINAE PASSING UNDER A "YOKE" (OF SAMNITE SPEARS), STRIPPED OF THEIR ARMS AND WEAPONS
252
If you win this round you will probably leap out of your chair in exultation. The English noun exultation, as well as its cognate verb exult, derive from the Latin preposition ex and what verb meaning “to jump or leap”? Bonus: If you were exultantly proud and joyful, you would be elated; but please, try not to get too carried away by your glee. Both the English adjective elated and its cognate noun elation derive from the Latin preposition ex and what verb meaning “to bear or carry”?
SALIO (SALIRE, SALII/SALUI, SALTUS FERO (FERRE, TULI/TETULI, LATUS)
253
What genre did the following authors write in common: Ammianus Marcellinus, Cornelius Nepos, Sallust, Tacitus and Livy? Bonus: What genre do these writers have in common: Perseus, Juvenal and Horace?
HISTORY SATIRE
254
Who am I? I am the hero who gave the thugs Periphetes and Sciron (among others) a taste of their own medicine. After those adventures, I arrived in Athens and captured the Bull of Marathon. Luckily my father Aegeus recognized me soon after and saved me from drinking Medea’s poison. Eventually, I became his successor to the throne of Athens. Who am I?
THESEUS
255
Later in my life, I (Theseus) concocted a rather foolish plan with my pal Pirithous. We decided that each of us would marry a daughter of Zeus. What daughter of Zeus and Leda, who was raised in Sparta, did we kidnap when she was only 12? Another fellow would also carry this girl away several years later because she was considered the most beautiful woman in the world.
HELEN
256
What was the primary job function of a lanista? Bonus: Hopefully, the lanista did their job particularly well when training the fighters known as andabatae. What specific disadvantage did an andabata have to overcome when fighting?
TO TRAIN GLADIATORS (FOR FIGHTNING IN THE GLADIATORIAL GAMES) THE FIGHTER COULD NOT SEE/HAD TO FIGHT WHILE BLIND-FOLDED
257
At various times, Coronis, Marpessa, Cyrene, Hyacinthus, Cassandra and Daphne were all objects of what Olympian deity’s affection? Bonus: This god's love affair with Coronis ended disastrously when the crow tattled on her affair with a mortal man. In a jealous rage, this god killed Coronis but snatched their unborn infant son from her body. Who was this boy who ultimately became the world’s greatest physician and the god of medicine?
PHOEBUS APOLLO ASCLEPIUS/AESCULAPIUS
258
Which of the following phrases is an example of the ablative of “time within which” construction: prima aestate, tribus diebus, multos annos, postera hora? Bonus: Now translate into English the other three time-related expressions listed above.
TRIBUS DIEBUS- IN THREE DAYS PRIMA AESTATE- EARLY IN THE SUMMER/AT THE BEGINNING OF SUMMER, MULTOS ANNOS- FOR MANY YEARS, POSTERA HORA- IN THE FOLLOWING HOUR
259
What Olympian goddess lent a chariot drawn by winged dragons to a man named Triptolemus, who flew through the air sewing corn and teaching people how to cultivate the fields? Bonus: This goddess helped Triptolemus and several other mortals when she wandered the earth after Persephone’s abduction. What city in particular showed her great hospitality and became famous throughout the ancient world as the site of her mysteries?
DEMETER/CERES ELEUSIS
260
Wealthy Roman men had a type of slave who would walk behind the master and quietly prompt him in case he had forgotten the name of anyone who greeted him. What is the name for such a slave? Bonus: To our eyes, Roman masters must have resembled NBA superstars with their constant posse of attendants accompanying their every move in public. What was the name for the posse of slaves who cleared the way in front of their master if he chose to travel by foot that day?
NOMENCLATOR ANTEAMBULO
261
Translate the following Latin sentence into English: Est mirabile auditu! Bonus: Now translate this sentence into Latin, using only FOUR alliterative words: “Vitellius came to see the cow.”
IT IS WONDERFUL TO HEAR! VITELLIUS VACCAM VISUM VENIT
262
Who am I? I am a gentleman of Verona, and an accomplished Neoteric lyric poet. While I enjoy sitting around writing clever little lines of poetry with my buddy Licinius Calvus, nothing brings me greater joy (or anguish) than my girlfriend Clodia. Who am I? Bonus: Scholars classify the above poet as an Alexandrian or Neoteric poet because of his short but learned and elegant writing style. What librarian and poet, whose poems this poet mentions translating in Carmen 65 for his friend Hortalus, is the “father” of the Alexandrian school of poetry?
(GAIUS VALERIUS) CATULLUS CALLIMACHUS/BATTIADES (AN ALTERNATE, LITERARY NAME FOR CALLIMACHUS DERIVED FROM THE NAME OF CYRENE'S FOUNDER, BATTUS)
263
The motto of South Carolina is "While I breathe, I hope". What is it's Latin form? Bonus: What is the Latin motto of North Carolina, which translates into English as “to be rather than to seem”?
DUM SPIRO, SPERO ESSE QUAM VIDERI
