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1
Q

The introduction to globalization

What is the definition of globalization?
Refers to the situation in which places around the world do not face t______ and s______ constraints, becoming more closely connected in e______, c______ and p______ aspects. They have more frequent and important i______, thus forming a w______ v_____.

A

Refers to the situation in which places around the world do not face time and space constraints, becoming more closely connected in economic, cultural and political aspects. They have more frequent and important interconnectedness, thus forming a global community/world village.

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2
Q

The introduction to globalization

What are the features of globalization?
i. Cultural conflicts
ii. Time and space compression
iii. Interconnectedness
A. i and ii
B. i only
C. ii only
D. i, ii and iii

A

D

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3
Q

The introduction to globalization

What are the characteristics of time and space compression?
i. Communication technologies
ii. Eletronic technologies
iii. Transportation technologies
A. i and ii
B. ii and iiii
C. i, and iii
D. i, ii, and iii

A

C
Communication technologies: internet/social media
Transportation technologies: easy/fast travel overseas

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4
Q

The introduction to globalization

What are the characteristics of interconnectedness?
i. Receive
ii. React
iii. Increased exchange and cooperation between places
A. i and ii
B. ii and iii
C. i and iii
D. i, ii, and iii

A

D
Recieve: videos/posts for audience worldwide
React: comments from netizens world wide

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5
Q

The introduction to globalization

What is the characteristic of cultural conflicts?
A. A type of conflict that occurs when different cultural values and beliefs clash
B. A type of conflict that increased exchange and cooperation between places
C. A type of conflict that occurs when there are exchange and cooperation between places
D. A type of conflict that increased different cultural values and beliefs clash.

A

A

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6
Q

The introduction to globalization

What are the aspects of globalization?
i. Economic
ii. Political
iii. Cultural
A. i and ii
B. ii and iii
C. i and iii
D. i, ii, and iii

A

D

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7
Q

The introduction to globalization

What is the definition of economic globalization?
Refers to the increase in c_____ b_____ e_____a _____ and e_____ i_____.

A

Refers to the increase in cross border economic activities and economic interactions.

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8
Q

The introduction to globalization

Name at least two examples of economic globalization.

A

The flow of capital, labour, raw materials and commodities, Apple, Samsung, H&M, Ikea, BMW, etc.

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9
Q

The introduction to globalization

What is the definition of political globalization?
Refers to the phenomenon in which g_____ and n_____ organization connect together to solve g_____ i_____.

A

Refers to the phenomenon in which government and non-governmental organization connect together to solve global issues

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10
Q

The introduction to globalization

Name at least two examples of political globalization.

A

Global warming, financial crisis, terrorism, disease outbreak, etc.

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11
Q

The introduction to globalization

What is the definition of cultural globalization?
Refers to the phenomenon in which l_____ and f_____ culture from different parts of the world e_____ and i_____ each other.

A

Refers to the phenomenon in which local and foreign culture from different parts of the world exchanges and influences each other.

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12
Q

The introduction to globalization

Name at least two examples of cultural globalization.

A

Music, new products, languages, etc.

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13
Q

The introduction to globalization

What are the countries in BRICS?
A. Bangladesh, Romania, Indonesia, Colombia, and South Korea
B. Burkina Faso, Rwanda, Iran, Canada, and Sudan
C. Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa
D. Benin, Romania, Italy, Côte d’Ivoire, and Spain

A

C

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14
Q

The introduction to globalization

How do the BRICS win globalization?
i. Trade cooperation
ii. New financial institutions
iii. Boosting global influence
A. i only
B. ii and iii
C. i and ii
D. i, ii and iii

A

D
1. Trade Cooperation: BRICS countries strengthen trade among
themselves, reducing reliance on the West.
2. New Financial Institutions: They create their own banks, like the New Development Bank, to fund projects independently.
3. Boosting Global Influence: BRICS works together to have a greater say in international politics and push for changes in global organizations.

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15
Q

The introduction to globalization

What are the characteristics of globalization?
1. C______, g____, l_____ f___
2. G_____ e_______ i__________
3. I__________ d_________ of l_____
4. T__________ c__________
5. G__________ c__________ p____________
6. G_________ f________ m______

A
  1. Capital, goods, labour flow
  2. Global economic insitutions
  3. International division of labour
  4. Transportantional cooporations
  5. Globalized consumption pattern
  6. Globalized financial markets
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16
Q

The introduction to globalization

What is the order of the global production chain?
1. Transportation
2. Retail
3. Manufacturing
4. Distribution center
5. Delivery
6. Consumption
7. Sourcing
8. Planning

A

8 -> 7 -> 3 -> 1, 4, 5 -> 2 -> 6
^————————————

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17
Q

The introduction to globalization

What are the names of the people in the global production chain?
Planning (i_____) -> Sourcing (s_____) -> Manufacturing (m_____) -> Transportation, distribution center, delivery (d_____) -> Retail (r_____) -> Consumption (c_____)

A

Planning (inovator) -> Sourcing (suplier) -> Manufacturing (manufactor) -> Transportation, distribution center, delivery (distrubuter) -> Retail (retailer) -> Consumption (consumers)

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18
Q

The introduction to globalization

International production, trade and investments are increasingly organized within so-called g_____ c_____ where the different stages of the p_____ process are located across different c_____.

A

International production, trade and investments are increasingly organized within so-called global chains where the different stages of the production process are located across different countries.

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19
Q

The introduction to globalization

What is the definition of international division of labour?
Refers to a situation which a country or a region s_____ in p_____ a particular type of p_____, or in a certain type of p_____ stage.

A

Refers to a situation which a country or a region specializes in producing a particular type of product, or in a certain type of production stage.

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20
Q

The introduction to globalization

Commercialization is the process of cycle of introducing a new p_____ or p_____ method into the m_____.

A

Commercialization is the process of cycle of introducing a new product or production method into the market.
e.g. advertising sales promotion

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21
Q

The introduction to globalization

List at least 2 characteristics of a sweatshop

A
  1. Child labour
  2. Long working hours, low paid jobs, low skilled jobs
  3. Labour exploitation
  4. Lack of labour laws/regulations
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22
Q

The introduction to globalization

What is the definition of sweatshop/sweat factory?
A negatively term for any working environment considered to be unacceptably d_____ or d_____, workers often have l_____ h_____ for very l_____ p_____, regardless of laws mandating overtime pay or a minimum wage.

A

A negatively term for an working environment considered to be unacceptably difficult or dangerous, workers often have long hours for very low pay, regardless of laws mandating overtime pay or a minimum wage.

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23
Q

The introduction to globalization

List at least 2 positive impacts of sweatshop.

A
  1. Create job opportunities
  2. Enjoys cheaper products
  3. More choices in the market
  4. Easier to start the business
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24
Q

The introduction to globalization

List at least 2 negative impacts of sweatshop.

A
  1. Cheap labor causes labor exploitations (long working hours and low payment, damage the physical and mental health)
  2. Lack of career path –lower the social mobility
  3. Causing anti-social mind-set –higher criminal rate—damage the social stability
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25
# The introduction to globalization What is the establishment of international organizations? Issues are not only limited to n_____ level. Governance must be realized within border groups of s_____.
Issues are not only limited to **national** level. Governance must be realized within border groups of **stakeholders**. e.g. UN (United Nation), EU (European Union)
26
# The introduction to globalization What is the developemt in communication technology? Information can be distributed worldwide in r_____ t_____ at affordable p_____. This allows international TV broadcasters to deliver i_____, o_____ and c_____ products to the most remote areas.
Information can be distributed worldwide in **real time** at affordable **prices**. This allows international TV broadcasters to deliver **information**, **opinions** and **cultural** products to the most remote areas.
27
# The introduction to globalization What is the development in transport technology? Due to low f_____ prices and the development of new means of transportation.
Due to low **fuel** prices and the development of new means of transportation. e.g. the freight charges for a ton of coffee delivered from Asia to Europe only account for ***1%*** of its price.
28
# The introduction to globalization What is the open market? Richer and industrialized conuntries work towards removing t_____ b_____ worldwide.
Richer and industrialized conuntries work towards removing **trade barriers** worldwide. e.g. import ***tariffs***, import ***quotas***, import ***bans***
29
# The introduction to globalization What is the rise of MNCs? New technology decreasing transportation costs and the l_____ of international trade of international trade has made it possible and profitable for major companies to p_____ and s_____ worldwide.
New technology decreasing transportation costs and the **liberalization** of international trade of international trade has made it possible and profitable for major companies to **produce** and **sell** worldwide.
30
# The introduction to globalization What is the definition of multinational corporations (MNCs)? Enterprises that are lagre in s_____ and have b_____ o_____ in many countries or regions.
Enterprises that are lagre in **scale** and have **business operation** in many countries or regions.
31
# The introduction to globalization What benifits can economic globalization bring to developed counties? 1. Buy products at l_____ prices 2. Improve industry structure 3. Earn o_____ income from developing countries
1. Buy products at **lower** prices 2. Improve industry structure 3. Earn **often** income from developing countries
32
# The introduction to globalization Why does buying products at lower prices help developed countries? Multinational corporations use i_____ division of labour. They se up factories or move production stages to regions with l_____ costs of production. Costs and prices of products hence d_____.
Multinational corporations use **international** division of labour. They set up factories or move production stages to regions with **low** costs of production. Costs and prices of products hence **decrease**.
33
# The introduction to globalization Why does improving industry structure help developed countries? Developed countries move labour-intensive industries to d_____ c_____. They then develop m_____ i_____.
Developed countries move labour-intensive industries to **developing countries**. They then develop **more industries**.
34
# The introduction to globalization Why does earning often income from developing countries help developed countries? It has become c_____ for developed countries to invest in developing countires. They can enter the l_____ m_____ and create m_____ w_____.
It has become **commerce** for developed countries to invest in developing countires. They can enter the **local market** and create **more wealth**.
35
# The introduction to globalization What benifits can economic globalization bring to developing counties? 1. FDI (F_____ D_____ I_____) 2. Improve industry structure 3. Earh f_____ e_____
1. FDI (**Foreign Direct Investment**) 2. Improve industry structure 3. Earh **foregin exchange**
36
# The introduction to globalization Why does the FDI help developing countries? Multinational corporations s__ u_ f_____ in developing countries. This creates more j__ o_____ and promotes e_____ g_____.
Multinational corporations **set up factories** in developing countries. This creates more **job opportunities** and promotes **economic growth**.
37
# The introduction to globalization Why does improving industry structure help developing countries? Developing countries can develop its industry and acquire foreign technology by l_____ s_____ a__ w_____ i_ M_____.
Developing countries can develop its industry and acquire foreign technology by **learning skills and working in MNC**.
38
# The introduction to globalization Why does earning foregin exchange help developing countries? Exports can bring revenue while workers can also work a_ M_____ to earn an income.
Exports can bring revenue while workers can also work **at MNC** to earn an income.
39
# The introduction to globalization List at least 2 positive effects of economic globalization in a developed country.
1. Allow consumers to enjoy more types of products at lower prices. 2. Allow contries to improve their industry structures 3. Develop new markets 4. Gain a larger share of wealth
40
# The introduction to globalization List at least 2 positive effects of economic globalization in a developing country.
1. Allow consumers to enjoy more types of products at lower prices. 2. Allow contries to improve their industry structures 3. Recieve larger foreign direct investment 4. Increase job opportunities 5. Allow labour to work abroad and earn foreign exchange
41
# The introduction to globalization List at least 2 negative effects of economic globalization in a developed country.
1. Make production stages and economic developmeny overly interdependent. 2. Lead to bubbles in asset markets 3. Result in a lost of low-skilled jobs and a rise in unemployment
42
# The introduction to globalization List at least 2 negative effects of economic globalization in a developing country.
1. Make production stages and economic developmeny overly interdependent. 2. Lead to bubbles in asset markets 3. Result in a loss of talents 4. Gain a smaller share of wealth
43
# Fast Fashion Fast fashion is a c___________ term used by f______ r_________ to express that designs move from c______ q______ to capture c______ f______ ______. Emphasis is on optimizing certain aspects of the supply chain for these trends to be d_______ and m___________ q______ and _____________ to allow the __________ c_______ to buy current clothing styles at a _____ p____.
Fast fashion is a **contemporary** term used by **fashion retailers** to express that designs move from **catwalk quickly** to capture **current fashion trends**. Emphasis is on optimizing certain aspects of the supply chain for these trends to be **designed ** and **manufactured quickly** and **inexpensively** to allow the **mainstream consumer** to buy current clothing styles at a **lower price**.
44
# Fast Fashion List at least 2 positive impacts of fast fashion.
1. Makes fashion affordable 2. Sense of satisfactory 3. Improve self-esteem 4. Meet material needs 5. Improves quality of life (more choices for consumers) 6. Create job opportunities
45
# Fast Fashion List at least 2 negative impacts of fast fashion from a social perspective.
1. Makes people buy things that they will only use once 2. Materialistic society 3. Consumerism 4. Twisted mind of shopping 5. Encouraging overconsumption 6. Creates financial burden
46
# Fast Fashion List at least 2 negative impacts of fast fashion from an economic perspective.
1. Businesses copying from each other 2. Unfair distribution of profits 3. Exploitation of workers 4. Damage the traditional apparel industry 5. Limited change for the individual designer to start business
47
# Fast Fashion List at least 2 negative impacts of fast fashion from an environment perspective.
1. Only use things once and throws it out 2. Produce water/air pollution 3. Overconsumption which lead to wastage that added extra burden to the landfill 4. Create toxic elements which is land pollution 5. Developing areas are paying the bills of environment pollution of fast fashion for whole world
48
# Fast Fashion List a negative impact of fast fashion from a political perspective.
1. People protesting about clothes using toxic materials or things that are damaging the Earth
49
# Fast Fashion What are the factors that contributing to the thrive of fast fashion? 1. C_______ d_____ for c_____ 2. E________ s_____ c_____ 3. E________ m________
1. Consumer desire for change 2. Efficient supply chains 3. Effective marketing
50
# Coffee production and globalization A stakeholder is an __________ or a g____ of i__________ with an _______, often financial, in the success of a business. The primary stakeholders in a corporation include its i________, e________, c________, and s________.
A stakeholder is **an individual or a group of individuals with an interest**, often financial, in the success of a business. The primary stakeholders in a corporation include its **investors, employees, customers**, and **suppliers**.
51
# Coffee production and globalization What are the 5 roles of coffee production? 1. F______ 2. E________ 3. S_______ 4. R_______/T__s + a_____ 5. R________
1. Farmers 2. Exporters 3. Shippers 4. Roasters/TNCs + artist 5. Retailers
52
# Coffee production and globalization What are the major duties and contributions for farmers? 1. G______ and s______ coffee 2. P____ and t___ c___ of coffee trees 3. H______, d__, and s___ coffee charies
1. **Growing and selling** coffee 2. **Plant and take care** of coffee trees 3. **Harvest, dry and sell** coffee charies
53
# Coffee production and globalization What are the major duties and contributions for exporters? 1. B__ farmer's coffee 2. P__ for transportation and fuel 3. P___ them 4. S___ them
1. **Buy** farmer's coffee 2. Pay for transportation and fuel 3. Pack them 4. Sell them
54
# Coffee production and globalization What are the major duties and contributions for shippers? 1. B__ coffee 2. L___ them on ship 3. T________
1. **Buy** coffee 2. Load them on ship 3. **Transport**
55
# Coffee production and globalization What are the major duties and contributions for roasters? 1. R____ the beans 2. P______ them 3. P______ them
1. Roast the beans 2. Process them 3. Package them
56
# Coffee production and globalization What are the major duties and contributions for retailers? 1. B__ instant coffee from roasters 2. S__ coffee to customers 3. To make their shops more a_________ 4. T____ large sell force
1. **Buy** instant coffee from roasters 2. **Sell** coffee to customers 3. To make their shops more **attractive** 4. **Train** large sell force
57
# Coffee production and globalization Why most of the profits are earned by transnational companies (TNCs) and retailers? M_____ p____ and c______, v____ a________, and g_____ s_____ c_____.
Market power and control, value addition, and global supply chains.
58
# Coffee production and globalization Why can't farmers and exporters earn more in reality? L__ b________ p____, o_____________, d_________ on i_____________.
Low barganing power (farmers often lack the collective barganing power), overproduction, dependence on intermediaires (rely on middlemen).
59
# Coffee production and globalization Do you think the wages for each role of coffee production is a fair distribution? Why?
No because farmers recieve only a small fraction of the final price, while TNCs and retailers capture the majority of the profits.
60
# Coffee production and globalization What could be done to improve the situation? F___ t____ c____________, f_____ c___________, g_________ p______.
Fair trade certification, farmer cooperatives, government policies.
61
# Coffee production and globalization What role can we play as the people who buy coffee? As a s________, e_______, a________.
As a supporter, educator, advocator.
62
# Introduction to cultural globalization What is culture? List at least 2 examples of it. Culture is a set of shared b________, i________ or a__________ that are t__________ across different t___ p______.
Culture is a set of shared **behaviors, interests or assumptions** that are **transmitted** across different **time periods**. **Examples:** 1. Movie and music 2. Food and eating habits 3. Clothing and fashion 4. Art and architecture 5. Language and education 6. Festivals and religion 7. Traditions and custom
63
# Introduction to cultural globalization List at least 2 products/brands you use in your daily life.
1. McDonald's 2. Apple 3. Starbucks 4. Zara 5. Netflix 6. Disney +
64
# Introduction to cultural globalization Cultural globalization refers to the transmission of b________, i________ or a__________ around the world in such a way as to extend and intensify s_____ r________.
Cultural globalization refers to the transmission of **behaviors. interests or assumptions** around the world in such a way as to extend and intensify **social relations**.
65
# How is the effect of one culture on the other? List at least an example of language in Chinese and Western cultures.
Chinese: Chinese, Cantonese, Mandarin Western: English
66
# How is the effect of one culture on the other? List at least 2 examples of food in Chinese and Western cultures.
Chinese: Dim sum, Cantonese dishes Western: Hamburger, pizza, pasta
67
# How is the effect of one culture on the other? List at least an example of TV program in Chinese and Western cultures.
Chinese: TVB, Cantonese TV drama Western: Netflix
68
# How is the effect of one culture on the other? List at least an example of music in Chinese and Western cultures.
Chinese: Canton-pop Western: Spotify
69
# How is the effect of one culture on the other? List at least 2 examples of movie in Chinese and Western cultures.
Chinese: Crouching Tiger, Hero, Kung Fu tlustle, Shaolin Soccer Western: Toy Story, Inside Out, Elemental
70
# How is the effect of one culture on the other? List at least an example of entertainment in Chinese and Western cultures.
Chinese: Mcdull Western: Mickey Mouse, Snoopy
71
# How is the effect of one culture on the other? List at least 2 examples of festivals in Chinese and Western cultures.
Chinese: CNY, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-autumn Festival Western: Christmas, Thanksgiving
72
# How is the effect of one culture on the other? List at least an example of religion in Chinese and Western cultures.
Chinese: Budhism Western: Christianity
73
# How is the effect of one culture on the other? List at least 2 examples of customs in Chinese and Western cultures.
Chinese: Lion dance, red packets Western: Thanksgiving, celebration
74
# How is the effect of one culture on the other? List at least an example of beliefs in Chinese and Western cultures.
Chinese: Filial piety, unity, collectivism Western: Individualism
75
# How is the effect of one culture on the other? What is the definition of coexistence? Coexistence of multiple cultures is usually a synonym for e_____ or cultural p________ in which v______ ethnic and cultural groups exist in a s_____ society. It can describe a mixed ethnic community area where m_______ c_______ t_________ exist or a single country.
Coexistence of multiple cultures is usually a synonym for **ethnic** or cultural **pluralism** in which **various** ethnic and cultural groups exist in a **single** society. It can describe a mixed ethnic community area where **multipe cultural traditions** exist or a single country.
76
# How is the effect of one culture on the other? What is the definition of cultural hybirdization? Cultural hybirdization refers to the process by which d________ cultural elements b_____ together to create new cultural f____ and p________. This mixing often occurs as a result of g____________, m________, and the i__________ between d______ communities. The resulting hybird cultures challenge t__________ notions of i_______ and cultural p_____ illustrating how cultures are dynamic and continuously evolving.
Cultural hybirdization refers to the process by which **different** cultural elements **blend** together to create new cultural **forms and practices**. This mixing often occurs as a result of **globalization, migration and the interaction** between **diverse** communities. The resulting hybird cultures challenge **traditional** notions of **identity** and cultural **purity** illustrating how cultures are dynamic and continuously evolving.

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