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Life Span Flashcards

1
Q

T/F

Children have always been seen as assets in health care

A

False! Only recently. Some countries only view them as future adults.

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2
Q

Are female children always valued?

Are children with congenital anomalies always valued?

A

Actually no for both when it comes to specific countries.

- they can be put in orphanages or killed

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3
Q

Who sometimes gets better healthcare? Male or female children?

A

Males

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4
Q

What is sex-selective abortion and infanticide?

A

When someone chooses not to have a baby based off the gender.

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5
Q

Why did china change the rule of one child and thus more respect for females?

A

They needed to have females to be able to continue the populations & they sometimes had to have more than 1 kid to do that

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6
Q

What are some cultural practices that harsh?

A

Binding females feet to be small

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7
Q

Leading cause of infant death?

Highest injuries/accidents in 1-3 year olds?

others?

A

Suffocation (66% out of all total deaths and what not are from this)

falls, burns, drowning (1-4)

MVA, crashes, and poisoning (from led)

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8
Q

Things that happen to children nationally that cause them harm?

A 
Accidents
Injuries
Child maltreatment
Communicable diseases
Chronic disease
Poor nutrition and dental hygiene
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9
Q

Ages of…

infant

toddlers

preschool

A

birth - 1 yr

1-2yr

3-4

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10
Q

T/F

Most of the US children have healthcare

A

true

Most children in the US hav health care - 96.9%

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11
Q

Which gender has higher rate of death from injury?

A

males

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12
Q

What used to occur from lead poisoning of children? How does it present now?

A

Encepholpathy and death

Now, it presents as subtle changes in CNS, changed behavior, lower IQ
- 250,000 suffer

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13
Q

What is child maltreatment defined as?

Examples?

A

Child abuse or neglect below the age of 18
- can even be sexual

Shaken baby syndrome
Failure to thrive

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14
Q

When do they suspect shakes baby syndrome?

A

Retinal hemorrhage and subdural hemorrhage being present
- sometimes the external retinal symptoms don’t happen though

This occurs from actual shaking or on impact of something

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15
Q

What is failure to thrive?

A

Slowing of growth rate, height, and weight among infant and toddlers

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16
Q

So what are examples of child maltreatment again?

A 
Child abuse (shaken baby syndrome, sexual abuse) 
Neglect (leading to failure thrive)
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17
Q

Very common communicable diseases for infants?

A

Respiratory infections (RSV being common) , conjunctivitis, GI issues, and vaccine preventable diseases.

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18
Q

When taking care of dental hygiene in infants, what is the the part of the mouth we are most concerned about?

A

The gums because they don’t have teeth yet

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19
Q

Categories of health service programs that can help infants and children?

A

Preventive health programs
Health protection programs
Health promotion programs

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20
Q

What are some preventative health programs for infants?

A

Immunizations, parent training, quality day care, and preschool programs

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21
Q

What are health protection programs ?

A

Safety and injury programs for children who are facing maltreatment
- more secondary and tertiary prevention programs

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22
Q

What are health promotion programs?

A

Infant brain development and parent-child interactions like tummy time
Developmental screening
WICK or nutritional programs

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23
Q

What are you assessing in the population?

A

Their current health problems bc we want to assess what they actually need right now.

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24
Q

What do we need to determine?

A

Determine the resources they already have and then figure out what they need to help fix their health problems

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25
Why do we want to promote health with early interventions?
Early interventions keeps them from ever being "thrown in the water" . Ww want to keep them from ever having those issues
26
What education do we specifically want to give to parents or people who want to be parents?
Family planning Nutrition and exercise Safety precautions Child care skills
27
What can nurses conduct?
Immunization programs Smoke cessation education Preventing communicable disease educations Child safety device education
28
What is something to know about child safety devices?
Maybe that car seats now have expiration dates.
29
When do nurses have to report child abuse?
When they even suspect it
30
What is meant by nursings have to comply and report violations of environmental health standards?
For example, Floridas having a sewage leak in the water.
31
Who do nurses need to advocate for?
Everyone! But especially families and young children | - need to protect their rights
32
T/F Nurses don't have a role in securing services out in the community for those in need
false , nurses definitely do
33
What do we need to make sure there is resource wise for children?
Make sure there's enough resources for safe and health environments for children
34
Do nurses lobby? And for what?
Yes for law changes by initiating the effort to establish change
35
How are chronic health problems categorized?
By severity and duration of at least 3-12 months to be a chronic health problem
36
List common health problems in kids?
``` Asthma is #1 Autism Diabetes Juvenile rheumatoid Arthritis Seizure disorders ```
37
Common cancers in children? Survival rate? What does this mean for research?
Cancers (ages 1-14 ) include Leukemia, Brain cancer, CNS cancer, Neuroglystoma? But more children are surviving Research is more focused on keeping cancer from reoccuring
38
Which race is more likely to develop childhood cancers?
White children
39
What other issues are children with cancer?
GI, auditory, cardiovascular issues
40
What learning and behavioral issues are common in children?
``` ADHD Depression ADD ODD - oppositional defiant CD - conduct disorder ```
41
What illnesses/injuries can be caused by socioeconomic factors?
Led poisoning - which is common in old housing Iron deficiency which makes you more susceptible to other illnesses
42
Are learning disabilities a major chronic disease affecting children?
Nope bc they aren't chronic diseases - they are a behavior.
43
Death injuries of kids 1-9 years old
MVA Drowning Fire/burns
44
Death injuries of kids 10-19 years old
MVA drowning poisoning
45
Suicides from 10-19years old
firearms
46
Common communicable diseases of school aged children?
TB, STI's, Menningitis, Measles, Mumps, Chicken pox
47
Common hair condition amongst school aged kids?
Head lice
48
Other common health problems in school aged kids?
Undernutrition, poor dental health, obesity, and inactivity
49
Third cause of death in adolescents?
Emotional problems leading to suicide
50
Risky behaviors that are health problems? What if kids don't go to school?
``` Violence Substance abuse Sti's & pregnancy Acne Poor nutrition and eating disorder ``` May not get food and it affects other ares of life bc basic needs aren't met
51
What do physical and emotional health issues have an affect on in children and adolescents?
Academic performance which can affect their future
52
Summary of preventative health programs for adolescents?
Immunizations and TB screenings | Education and social services
53
Health protection programs summary for adolescents?
Safety and injury prevention Infectious disease prevention child protective services oral care
54
Health promotion for adolescents summary
nutrition and exercise
55
Reasons a child would need a TB test
``` Born outside US Traveled outside US for more than 1 week Has child been exposed Been around someone who's been exposed - could be someone who left country or does drugs ```
56
How do we assess the tb skin test
if it is greater than 5 mm , is considered positive if greater than 10 can increase risk of disease if 15 mm if 4 years or older if no other risks is ok
57
How many work related injuries in adolescents are there?
812 k because they are doing work with food and all
58
How common is MRSA?
Very common especially in wrestlers from staph. | - gotta clean the mats
59
How prevalent are child protective cases?
3. 5 million referrals for abuse and neglect | 3. 2 were followed up on
60
Why is oral hygiene a problem in adolescent and a needed service?
Brushing teeth is something not everyone does but also there can be a lack of supplies - the school can help out with this Fluoride in water is the best way to get rid of tooth decay by protecting from acid
61
If you don't believe in specific things, should you be teaching it?
No . Know your own beliefs
62
Most common diseases in adults?
Disease of the heart Malignant neoplasms Cerbrovascular disease Chronic lower respiratory diseases
63
Examples of primary prevention
Education mostly - health exam needs to be done - eating habits - sleep - moderate drinking - no smoking - sti prevention - flu clinics - collaborate with community leaders and lobbying
64
Examples of secondary prevention
Screenings - bp, bmi, glucose, etc in order to get someone prompt help to prevent other diseases
65
Amount of moderate alcohol
2 oz women 4 oz men 1 beer
66
Tertiary prevention examples What does it require?
Rehab Prevention of further damage Your skills, with community resources, and patient who is motivated - can be hard if you don't have patent who wants help
67
Common immunizations for older adults
shingles
68
Primary prevention involves reminding older adults. why do we have to do this more in their population?
They may not be motivated or they forget
69
Safety needs of getting elderly exercise?
Make sure they are safe when exercising bc they may not be as aware
70
Why do older adults hav psychosocial issues going on? What type of prevention is this?
BC they are losing people to death primary
71
Things that are important to elderly part of prevention?
``` independence social interaction purpose spirituality what we leave behind ``` primary
72
Main focus of secondary prevention I older adults
Education on preventative measures and positive health behaviors along with screening for any new issues
73
Tertiary prevention of older adults What health issues might we need to do this for?
Follow up and rehab Alzheimers, arthritis, cancer, depression, diabetes, cardiovascular, and osteoporosis
74
What do community health nurses do for older population?
Case management for resources and referrals
75
Do older people want to go to nursing homes?
No, so we should be creative with their living arrangements and services
76
What do we need to educate elderly about falls?
Beauty might have to go away to make sure their house is safe to walk around in - but you can be creative here

Community Exam 3 (6 decks)

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