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HA- Theory Test 2 > lifespan > Flashcards

lifespan Flashcards

1
Q

6-12 Psychosocial - what are the extracurricular activities (8)

A
  • increasing range - mirrored by changing interests and increased sense of competence in self
  • volunteer or civic responsibility activities - out door pursuits
  • sports, bands, choirs, scouts
  • higher occupational status, achievement
  • greater resilience
  • improved cognitive and emotional development
  • better study habits, grades and educational aspirations
  • better social status relationships
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2
Q

12 -20 psychosocial
Peer pressure dangers

A
  • risk taking behaviours such as teenage pregnancy, gambling, risky driving
  • poor personal health behaviours
  • eating disoders
  • sti
  • substance abuse
  • social media
    these are all confiding to society norm
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3
Q

what is the social clock therapy?

A

the social clock therapy is also known as the timing of events theory, it is what cultural considerations for age-graded expectations of major life events.
it helps develop, confidence, social, stability, understanding of identity, engagement in productive activities

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4
Q

major events of social clock therapy include

A

the age you wouldd expect to achieve these things such as
graduate
start uni
first paid job
move out of home
settle with partner
full time employment

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5
Q

major events of social clock therapy include

A

the age you wouldd expect to achieve these things such as
graduate
start uni
first paid job
move out of home
settle with partner
full time employment

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6
Q

what does the social clock develop?

A

shared expectations of age appropriate behaviours
it also affects the decisions that people make because they are inclined to follow what is expected of their cultural timeline.

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7
Q

60 + progression
health risk social isolation

A
  • high blood pressure
    heart disease
    obesity
    decreased physical activity
    increased sedentary behaviour
    stress, anxiety and depression
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8
Q

eriksons stage:
6th year - puberty

A

Crisi: Industry vs Inferiority
Favourable outcome- ability to learn how things work and understand and organise
Unfavourable outcome - a sense of inferiority at understanding and organising

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9
Q

eriksons stage = adolescence

A

Crisis identity vs confusion
favourable outcome seeing oneself as unique and integrated person
unfavourable outcome confusion over who and what one really is

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10
Q

eriksons stage - early adulthood

A

crisis - intimacy vs isolation
favourable outcome - ability to make commitments to love
unfavourable outcome - inability to form affectionate relationships

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11
Q

eriksons stage - middle age

A

generativity vs self absorption
favourable - concern for family and society in general
unfavourable - concern only for self

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12
Q

eriksons - aging years

A

integrity vs despair
favourable - a sense of integrity and fulfilment willingness to face death
unfavourable - dissatisfaction with life over despair and prospect of death

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13
Q

Cognitive - 6-12 concrete operational stage what are the operations achieved

A
  • decentre- able to focus on more than one aspect of a task at once - short term memory and attention
  • conversation - understood and able to explain why objects remain the same
  • reversibility - work through stage of a task mentally and reverse - more complex problem solving
  • Hierarchical sequencing - classify similar objects together
    seriation - putting things in order based on magnitude or quantity (counting)
  • spatial reasoning - understand and draw conclusions from environment about locations and distance
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14
Q

12-20 year formal operational thoughts- decision Making

A

stage 4 of eriksons
decision making
- less risky behaviours
- impulse control is typically poor
- recall ongoing development of amygdala, hippocampus and frontal lobe
- best decisions occur when calm but emotionally aroused
- executive functions, attention, learning and memory are still developing

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15
Q

cognitive - 20-40 years Cognitive developments

A

Most functions are improving during this period such as
executive functions such as planning, flexibility, and decision making increase, supported and confirmed by life events

sustained attention, language and memory likely to increase. functions are attended to practice, repetition and context
processing speed likely to gradually increase

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16
Q

40 -60 years - changes in cognitive functions

A
  • gradual decline in some cognitive function is considered normally and likely multifactorial
  • decrease executive functions
  • less easy to divide attention, processing speed slows
  • working memory declines
  • more difficult to inhibit irrelevant information
  • compensatory mechanisms include knowledge and experience may be used to address changes
17
Q

60 + years
area of cognitive declines

A

Executive functions decreased
- processing speed
- working memory
- planning
Complex attention decreased
- sustained
- divided
- selective
- processing
decreased Free and cued recall
- recalling certain experiences
decreased verbal fluency - based on executive functions
decreased flexibility - more concrete thinking

18
Q

specialised movement phase on gallahues table

A

Stability - balance beam routine, defending a goal in soccer
Locomotion- 100m sprint or hurdles, walking on a crowded street
manipulation - kicking/shooting a goal, striking a pitched ball

19
Q

Proficiency barrier

A

Transitional stage
application stage
lifelong learning stage

20
Q

transitional stage

A
  • initial refinement and combination of FMS , starting to get the idea
21
Q

application stage

A

attempting to refine and apply more specialised skills emphasis on technique, form and precision, food standards are more important

22
Q

lifelong learning stage

A

self - selection of limited types of physical activity
choice of activity - based on - interests, motivation and fun, fitness
fine tuning stage

23
Q

Physical 12-20 motor changes

A

Female - advantaged for skills required balance and flexibility
male advantage - skills requring strength, power and endurancee, increased muscle mass, oxygen, capacity, decreased fat mass, longer arms, wider shoulders

24
Q

12- 20 risk taking brain

A
  • amygdala and hippocampus increase volume - memory and emotion
  • prefrontal cortex- slower to develop
  • lag between development can lead to increase risk taking behaviour
  • neurones more responsive to excitatory neurotransmitters = heightened emotion and reward
25
Q

20-40 physiological motor changes

A

peak performance of reaction time occurs during the third decade 20s does attention, speed of cognition
reaction will will decrease in later adolescents - early adulthood
slows down beyond 20s

26
Q

Physical 40-60 balance and gait

A

appears stable provided all systems are not compromised such as the -muscuoskeletal - bone mass, gender differences
visual, vestibular and somatosensory
body morphology, structure and form

27
Q

Physical 40-60 changes - strength

A

gradual decline in strength observed between 50-70 years
up to 50% of loss of strength due to ageing
muscles fibres function and atrophy
tendons stiffen - less flexible

28
Q

40-60 reaction time

A

worsens as we age
motor pattern changes likely to occur gradually
combine sensory and physiological changes

29
Q

60 + progression
Senescence

A

biological process decline that occurs during ageing- normal ageing

30
Q

primary ageing

A

maturational process considered enviable with a geeing - skin drying, hair thinning

31
Q

secondary ageing

A

effects of environmental or disease process on the human body

32
Q

60 + progression of physiological changes

A

progression of physiological changes follows changes, from middle adulthood
as well as oestopenia and sarcopenia

33
Q

Oestopenia

A

loss of bone mass

34
Q

sacropenia

A

loss of skeletal muscle mass

35
Q

60+ progression strength

A

up to 50% loss off trength due to physiological ageing, inactivity or other r health concerns

36
Q

60 + progression gait nad balance

A

older adults display, decreased stride length, reductions in toe-floor clearance, decreased gait, velocity -speed, increased out toeing, wide step
more prone to fall

HA- Theory Test 2 (3 decks)

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