Ligaments

Question 1

Main function of the coracohumeral lig

Answer 1

Reinforce biceps tendon, reinforce superior capsule and prevent caudal dislocation of humerus

Taut in ER

Question 2

Main function of coracoacromial lig

Answer 2

Not a true ligament, connects two points of same bone. running from coracoid to acrominon

Question 3

Glenohumeral Lig main function

Answer 3

Three bands ( sup, middle and inferior)
Reinforce anterior glenohumeral capsule

Question 4

Main function of transverse humeral lig

Answer 4

Broad band passing over top of bicipital groove.

Acts as a retinaculum for long biceps tendon

Question 5

T or F, the capsule of the elbow encloses the entire elbow joint complex?

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Main function of Ulnar Collateral lig

Answer 6

Reinforce humerulnar joint medially

Question 7

Main function of radial collateral lig

Answer 7

Reinforces humeroradial joint laterally

Question 8

Main function of the elbow annular lig

Answer 8

Protects radial head, especially in semi-flexion, where it is very unstable.

Taut in extremes of pronation and supination

Question 9

Main function of the Quadrate lig in the elbow

Answer 9

( extends from the radial notch (ulna) to the neck of the radius )
Reinforces inferior joint capsule, maintains radial head in opposition to ulna, limits the amount of spin in supination and pronation

Question 10

Main function of the Distal Radioulnar lig

Answer 10

Anterior: primarily strengthens capsule
Posterior: primarily strengthens capsule

Question 11

Functionally at the elbow which side (med or lateral) undergo tensile force and which undergoes compressive force during functional activities ?

Answer 11

Lateral: compressive
Medial: tensile

Therefore lateral lig does not have to be as strong as the medial lig

Question 12

Does the ulna pronate (IR rotate) or supinate (ER rotate) during elbow flexion?

Answer 12

Supinates or ER rotates

Question 13

Does the ulna pronate (IR rotate) or supinate (ER rotate) during elbow extension?

Answer 13

Pronates or IR rotates

Question 14

Main function of the collateral liggs of the fingers?

Answer 14

Providing stability

All fibers taut with flexion and volar fibers are taut with extension

Question 15

Main function of radial collateral lig of the wrist

Answer 15

Limits ulnar deviation

Question 16

Main function of the ulnar collateral lig of the wrist

Answer 16

Limits radial deviation

Question 17

Main function of the palmar ulnocarpal lig

Answer 17

limits extension and supination

Question 18

Main function of the palmar radiocarpal lig

Answer 18

limits extension and supination through knuckles

Question 19

What is the extensor hood?

Answer 19

Fibrous mechanism on the dorsum of each finger that is fibrous expansion of the extensor digitorum tendon

Its purpose is to assist with extension of the PIP and DIP joints

Question 20

What is the purpose of the volar plate in the fingers?

Answer 20

Present on the palmar aspect of the MCP, PIP, and DIP joints. Thickening of capsule. Functions to increase articular surface during extension and protect the joint volarly.

Question 21

Where does the ulnar nerve innervate the hand?

Answer 21

Hypothenar region- palmar and dorsally, fifth and medial half of fourth digit

Question 22

Where does the median nerve innervate the hand

Answer 22

Remainder of palmar surface not innervated by the ulnar nerve and dorsal portions of second, third and lateral half of fourth digit from DIP joint to tip of finger

Question 23

Where does the radial nerve innervate the hand

Answer 23

Remainder of dorsum of hand not innervated by ulnar or median nerves

Question 24

What is the normal angle of inlincation of the femoral head?

Answer 24

115-125
>125 = valga
<115= Coxa vara

Question 25

What is the normal angle of the femoral neck in relation to the frontal plane?

Answer 25

10-15 degress of anteversion Excessive Anterversion > 25-30 degrees Retroversion < 10 degrees

Question 26

Main function of the iliofemoral ligament ( or Y lig or Ligament of Bigelow)

Answer 26

Formed by 2 bands Both bands taut in Extension and ER Superior band taut in Adduction Inferior band taut in Abduction

Question 27

Main function of the pubofemoral ligament

Answer 27

Taut in extension, ER and Abduction

Question 28

Main function of ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 28

Taut in medial rotation, Abduction and Extension

Question 29

Main function of Zona orbicularis ( or annular ligament) of the hip

Answer 29

Runs in a circular pattern around the femoral neck | Has no bony attachments, but helps to hold head of femur in acetabulum

Question 30

Main function of the inguinal ligament

Answer 30

Forms a tunnel for muscles, arteries, veins and nerves

Question 31

Main function of the MCL

Answer 31

Taut in extension and slackened in flexion Prevents ER and provides stability against valgus force. Runs in the same direction as teh ACL

Question 32

Main function of the LCL

Answer 32

Free of capsular attachment Runs in the same direction of the PCL Taut in Extension and slackened in flexion Prevents ER and provides stability against varus forces

Question 33

Main function of the ACL

Answer 33

Checks forward gliding of the tibia on femur and limits internal rotation of the tibia during flexion as it twists around the PCL

Question 34

Main function of the PCL

Answer 34

Checks posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur

Question 35

Main function of the Meniscofemoral Ligament ( runs with the PCL)

Answer 35

Attaches below the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus. Has common insertion onto the lateral aspect of the medial condyle

Question 36

Main function of the Oblique popliteal ligament

Answer 36

Expansion of the semimebranosus. Blends with capsule. Strengthens posteriomedial capsule

Question 37

Main function of the arcuate popliteal ligament

Answer 37

Y-shaped. Has two bands. Strengthens posterolateral capsule

Question 38

Main function of the transverse lig of the knee

Answer 38

Connects lateral and medial meniscus anteriorly.

Question 39

Main function of the meniscopatellar lig

Answer 39

runs from the inferolateral edges o the patella to lateral borders of each meniscus Pulls the menisci forward with extension

Question 40

Main function of the alar fold of the knee

Answer 40

Runs from lateral borders of patella to medial and lateral aspects of femoral condyles. Keeps patella in contact with femur

Question 41

Main function of the proximal tbiofibular joint ligs

Answer 41

Anterior: Reinforce capsule anteriorly Posterior: reinforce capsule posteriorly

Question 42

what is the medial collateral lig ( talocrural) superfical made up of

Answer 42

Deep fibers= Anterior talotibial lig an posterior talotibial lig

Question 43

What is the Superficial Medial collateral lig of the talocrural made up of

Answer 43

Delotid lig

Question 44

What is the lateral collateral lig of the talocrural made up of

Answer 44

Anterior talofibular lig, calcaneofibular lig, posterior talofibular lig

Question 45

What ligg help stabilize the subtalar joint

Answer 45

Interosseous talocalcaneal lig, lateral talocalcaneal lig, posterior talocalcaneal lig, medial talocalcaneal lig

Question 46

What ligg make up the talonavicular joint

Answer 46

plantar calcaneonavicular lig= sping lig and dorsal talonavicular

Question 47

What ligg make up the calcaneocuboid joint

Answer 47

Bifurcate lig ( lateral calcaneonavicular lig) medial calcaneocuboid ( lateral band of bifurcate lig) long plantar lig (superfical plantar calcaneocuboid) and plantar calcaneocuboid (short plantar)

Question 48

What ligg make up the tarsometatarsal joint

Answer 48

Doral lig

Question 49

Wat ligg make up the cuneonavicular joint

Answer 49

3 dorsal cuneonavicular lig and plantar lig

Question 50

What ligg make up the metatarsalphalangeal joint

Answer 50

Plantar lig and collateral liggs

Question 51

What ligg make up the interphalangeal joint

Answer 51

Plantar lig and collateral liggs