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Light Theory Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

What is the metric system?

A
  • making it easy to convert between units by simply moving the decimal point
  • Also a common unit of measure in optics
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2
Q

what is one meter in inches?

A

39.37 inches

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3
Q

What is one centimeter in inches?

A

0.39 inches

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4
Q

What is one inch in centimeters?

A

2.5 centimeters

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5
Q

What does 1 meter equal to decimeters, centimeters, and millimeters?

A
  • 10 decimeters
  • 100 centimeters
  • 1000 millimeters
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6
Q

How many millimeters in 3 meters?

A
  • Convert meters to millimeters: move decimal three places to the right
  • 3,000 millimeter
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7
Q

What is 8mm converted to meters?

A
  • Convert millimeters to meters: move decimal three places to the left
  • 0.008 meters
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8
Q

How many millimeters in 3 centimeters?

A
  • Convert millimeters to centimeters: move decimal one place to the right
  • 30 millimeters
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9
Q

How many centimeters in 6 millimeters?

A
  • Converting centimeters to millimeters: move the decimal one place to the left
  • 0.6 centimeter
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10
Q

What is visible light?

A
  • Sun and Earth emit electromagnetic energy in varying wavelengths
  • Energy radiates in all directions moving in a vibrating wave motion
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11
Q

What is wavelength measured in?

A

nanometers

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12
Q

How much can a human eye see wavelengths in nanometers?

A

Between 308 nm and 750 nm

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of ultraviolet light and what are their nanometers?

A
  • UVC : 200 NM TO 290 NM (absorbed by atmosphere)
  • UVB: 290 NM TO 315 NM (source of sunburns)
  • UVA: 315 NM TO 380 NM (ages skin)
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14
Q

Which of the types of ultraviolet light can cause damage to the eye?

A

UVA and UVB rays

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15
Q

What types of objects can cause UV exposure and what are their percentages?

A

Grass and soul reflect 10%
Sand reflects 15%
Water reflects 25%
Snow reflects 80%

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16
Q

What does the color blue in the wavelength do?

A
  • Focus off the retina and contributes to blurry vision
  • Shorter higher energy wavelength
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17
Q

What is the index of refraction?

A

Index of refraction= speed of light in air/(divide) speed of light in medium

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18
Q

Light will travel in a straight line unless it’s interrupted by an object in its path. What is the angle of incidence?

A

Is the angel of the incoming ray

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19
Q

What is the angel of reflection?

A
  • Is the angle at which the ray leaves the reflecting surface
  • The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection
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20
Q

What happens to the strike of light when hitting a parallel-sided glass block at a perpendicular angle?

Study These Flashcards
A

Its speed is reduced, but its direction is not changed.

21
Q

What happens when the light strikes a parallel-sided glass block at an angle other than 90 degrees?

Study These Flashcards
A

The rays will travel slower and will be bent

22
Q

What is the point and flat surface called on a prism?

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A
  • Apex is the point
  • Base is the flat surface
23
Q

What happens when light passes through a prism?

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A

It redirects the light toward its base

24
Q

What is the formula to measure the power of the prism?

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A

P = C/D
P: prism
C: displacement in cm
D: distance from prism in meters

25
What is the power of a prism that displaces light 1cm at a distance of 0.5 meter?
P= C/D P= 1cm/0.5m P= 2.00D
26
What do the plus lenses look like?
It looks like two prism combined base-to-base
27
What do the minus lenses look like?
It looks like two prism combined apex to apex
28
What is the Focal Length formula?
f= 1/F f: focal length F: lens power in diopters D: distance from prism in meters
29
What focal length name does the plus lenses have?
Real
30
What focal length name does the minus lenses have?
Virtual
31
What is the focal length of a +2.00D Lens?
f= 1/F f= 1/2 f= 0.5m real
32
What is the focal length of a -4.00D lens?
f= 1/F f=1/4 f=0.25m virtual
33
What is the power of a lens with a virtual 2m focal length?
F=1/f F=1/2 F= -0.50D
34
What is the optical center?
The single point on the lens through which light may pass without deviated (refracted)
34
What are the plus lens characteristics?
- As the lens moves left the image would move in the opposite direction. (against the motion) - Plus lenses magnify - High-plus lenses have a pincushion distortion - Convex lens
35
What are the minus lens characteristics?
- As the lens moves left the image moves in the same direction. (with the motion) - Minus lenses minify - High-minus lenses have barrel distortion - Concave lenses - prism with prism
36
What happens to the lens power when using a plus lens?
It is when the power of the lenses becomes weaker when they are moved closer to the eye. At the same time, they become stronger when they are pushed further from the eye.
37
What happens to the lens power when using a minus lens?
Minus lens power becomes stronger as lenses are moved closer to the eye. At the same time, they become weaker as lenses are pushed further from the eye.
38
What is the vertex distance formula?
F= Diopters/ (1-dD) F: effective power D: True Power d: distance in meters the lens is moved
39
If a +10.00D lens is moved 5mm further away from the eye, what is its effective power at this new distance?
F= Diopters/(1-dD) F= 10.00/ (1-0.005x10) F= 10.52 (mm converts to meters for d)
40
What do green waves do in visible light?
- Convey the clearest vision
41
What is the index of refraction of CR39
1.50
42
what is the index of refraction for crown glass
1.52
43
what is the index of refraction for trivex
1.53
44
what is the index of refraction of polycarbonate
1.58
45
What is the index of refraction for 1.70 glass
1.71
46
what is the index of refraction for 1.80 glass
1.81
47
What focal length does a strong lens have?
Shorter focal length for strong lens
48
What focal length does a weaker lens have?
Longer focal length for weaker lens.

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