Light Vehicle Engine System

Question 1

Describe combustion?

Answer 1

The burning of an air/fuel mixture

Question 2

What is a CI engine

Answer 2

Compression Ignition/Diesel

Question 3

What is SI engine?

Answer 3

Spark Ignition Engine/Petrol

Question 4

how do you measure the capacity of a cylinder?

Answer 4

It is a volume of a cylinder when the piston is at its lowest point.

Question 5

What is ‘‘cc’’ also known as?

Answer 5

Engine capacity

Question 5

Explain CC

Answer 5

A combination of all the cylinder volumes when added up.

Question 6

The cylinder head is machined to house 4 elements. Name them?

Answer 6

Inlet/exhaust valves, valve train, combustion chambers and coolent passages

Question 7

Which 3 parts make up the valve train?

Answer 7

Camshaft followers, rocker arms, valve springs

Question 8

what is the main purpose of the valve train?

Answer 8

it regulates the flow of the air and fuel mixture

Question 9

where is the combustion chamber found?

Answer 9

Its located above the piston, its where the combustion process takes place

Question 10

the main body of the engine, is also known as…?

Answer 10

The cylinder block

Question 11

where can the sump be found?

Answer 11

It is the bottom part of the engine, bolted onto the cylinder block.

Question 12

the sump protects what moving parts of the engine?

Answer 12

The crankshaft, big ends and oil pump

Question 13

the crankshaft can also be known as what….?

Answer 13

The driving shaft

Question 14

the offset drive pins of the crankshaft connect to what other part?

Answer 14

the big ends of the connecting rods

Question 15

what is the purpose of the crankshaft?

Answer 15

to turn up and down movement into rotational movement

Question 16

what is the function of the connecting rods/con rods?

Answer 16

to join the piston to the crankshaft

Question 17

the ‘‘small end’’ of a connecting rod is attached to what other part?

Answer 17

The piston

Question 18

What part of the con rod is attached to the crankshaft?

Answer 18

The big end

Question 19

name the 5 parts of the piston

Answer 19

piston crown, compression ring grooves, oil control ring groove, skirt, gudgeon pin hole

Question 20

where can you find compression rings

Answer 20

on the side on the piston

Question 21

what do compression rings do?

Answer 21

they maintain the pressure between the cylinder wall and the piston

Question 22

what does the oil control ring groove do?

Answer 22

helps to keep lubrication oil below the piston

Question 23

the crankshaft is found at the top or bottom of the cylinder block?

Answer 23

Bottom

Question 24

what does the camshaft do?

Answer 24

it opens and closes the valves

Question 25

at what speed does the camshaft rotate compared to the crankshaft?

Answer 25

at half the speed

Question 26

what are the lumps on a camshaft called?

Answer 26

Lobes

Question 27

inlet and exhaust valves are found in what part of the engine?

Answer 27

the cylinder head

Question 28

how are valves kept shut?

Answer 28

with the use of springs

Question 29

what is the purpose of inlet manifolds?

Answer 29

They transfer air and sometimes fuel from outside the car into the engine

Question 30

which manifolds transfer exhaust gases away from the engine?

Answer 30

Exhaust manifolds

Question 31

the flywheel is attached to what other part?

Answer 31

The crankshaft

Question 32

what is usually connected to the flywheel?

Answer 32

The crankshaft and the clutch

Question 33

what gear is attached to the crankshaft

Answer 33

the ring gear

Question 34

explain what happens when the ignition key is turned

Answer 34

The battery sends a powerful burst of energy/power to the starter motor, the ring gear turns the flywheel and in turn starts the combustion process inside the engine

Question 35

where is the front drive pulley?

Answer 35

It is located on the opposite end of the crankshaft to the flywheel

Question 36

what is the main purpose of the drive pulley?

Answer 36

it provides drive (via a rubber belt) for auxillary engine parts, such as alternators, cooling fans, air condition compressors

Question 37

name 4 different gaskets

Answer 37

head gasket, sump gasket, rocker cover gaskets, inlet/exhaust manifold gaskets.

Question 38

where is the rocker cover?

Answer 38

is it located on top of the cylinder head.

Question 39

what is the purpose of a turbo charger?

Answer 39

adds more air into the combustion chamber, which means more fuel can be burnt and in turn more power created.

Question 40

a turbo charger is basically an air compressor. true or false?

Answer 40

true

Question 41

what is a alternator?

Answer 41

a small electrical generator

Question 42

which part keeps the battery charged whilst the engine is running?

Answer 42

the alternator