Lights and Architectural Lighting Systems (PART 1)

Question 1

It is the branch of physics that relates to the properties of light and the function of vision.

Answer 1

Optics

Question 2

It involves a study of the human visual system and how it interacts with light

Answer 2

Optics

Question 3

The inability to distinguish colors

Answer 3

Color Blindness

Question 4

It is the energy radiated in the form of a wave caused by an electric field interacting with a magnetic field.

Answer 4

Electromagnetic Radiation

Question 5

It is measured as the distance from one peak of one wave to the next wave.

Answer 5

Wavelength

Question 6

It is the number of wave cycles per second and expressed in units of Hertz (hz)

Answer 6

Frequency

Question 7

It is the wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation to which the human eye is sensitive

Answer 7

Visible light

Question 8

Its that part of the EM spectrum capable of exciting the retina and ultimately producing a visual sensation

Answer 8

Visible light

Question 9

Defined as the amount of light incident on (striking) a surface

Answer 9

Illuminance

Question 10

Defined as the amount of light leaving an object

Answer 10

Luminance

Question 11

It is the ratio of reflected light vs. the light striking the surface

Answer 11

Reflectance

Question 12

It is the ratio of the light transmitted through body vs. the light illuminating the surface.

Answer 12

Transmittance

Question 13

It is the ratio of the light absorbed vs. the light striking the surface

Answer 13

Absorptance

Question 14

It is the ability to distinguish and interpret wavelengths of visible light

Answer 14

Color Perception

Question 15

It is the ability to distinguish fine details. It is the “keenness” of vision that is necessary to perform tasks.

Answer 15

Visual acuity

Question 16

A device that generates light

Answer 16

Lamp

Question 17

It is a complete lighting unit,
which consists of a lamp (or lamps), lamp
socket(s), any lenses, refractors, or
louvers, any ballast (or ballasts), and the
housing.

Answer 17

Luminaire

Question 18

It is the luminaire less the lamp(s). It includes the structural parts of a luminaire including any lenses, mounting supports, wiring, and ballasts, but does not
include the lamps.

Answer 18

Light fixture

Question 19

It is the measure of the perceived power of light expressed in lumens (lm).

Answer 19

Luminous flux

Question 20

It is the SI unit of luminous intensity—that is, the power emitted by a light source in a particular direction

Answer 20

Candela

Question 21

the ratio of the light output of a light source (a specific lamp) to the electrical energy consumed to produce that light source.

Answer 21

Luminous efficacy

Question 22

It is the color in lamp rating in Kelvin (K)

Answer 22

Correlated Color Temperature

Question 23

Color Temperature less than about 3500 K

Answer 23

Warm Lighting

Question 24

Color temperature greater than about 5000 K

Answer 24

Cool Lighting

Question 25

Color Temperature of the lamp is between temperatures of 4500 and 6500 K

Answer 25

Daylighting

Question 26

It is a method of numerically comparing the color distribution of a light source to a reference lamp

Answer 26

Color rendering index (CRI)

Question 27

It is a graphic presentation of the quantities of light emitted by a lamp by wavelength component

Answer 27

Spectral power distribution curve

Question 28

_______________ of a lamp is its median life expectancy, expressed in hours. It is the cumulative time that lapses before 50% of a representative group of lamps has failed and the other lamps in the group continue operating.

Answer 28

Rated Life

Question 29

It emit visible light as a result of heating; they incandesce

Answer 29

Incandescent lamps (I)

Question 30

It is is the familiar threaded base found with ordinary lamps up to 300 W

Answer 30

Medium Base

Question 31

It is a smaller threaded base used in ornamental lighting such as chandeliers

Answer 31

Candelabra Base

Question 32

It is a larger threaded base found on lamps that are 300 W or greater.

Answer 32

Mogul Base

Question 33

are used in applications where the difficulty or cost of changing lamps is prohibitive

Answer 33

Long-life lamps

Question 34

are special versions of the standard lamps that are helpful for rough or vibration service

Answer 34

Rough service lamps

Question 35

in applications where lamps are broken fairly often

Answer 35

Plastic coated lamps

Question 36

are used in decorative and accent lighting applications that require good control or highlighting

Answer 36

Low-voltage lamps

Question 37

are a smaller, brighter, and more expensive version of the incandescent lamp

Answer 37

Tungsten-halogen lamps/ halogen lamps

Question 38

produces continuous light by passing electricity through a gas contained within the lamp

Answer 38

Gaseous discharge lamp

Question 39

is a voltage transformer and current limiting device designed to start and properly control the flow of power to discharge light sources such as fluorescent and HID lamps.

Answer 39

Ballast

Question 40

the ratio of a lamp’s rated output (lumens) when it is operated on a specific commercially available ballast as compared to light output (lumens) when operated on a reference ballast

Answer 40

Ballast factor (BF)

Question 41

composed of a tubular glass bulb that is covered with a thin phosphor coating on its inside surface

Answer 41

Fluorescent lamp

Question 42

are filament like coils at the end(s) of the bulb that act as terminals for the electric arc.

Answer 42

Cathodes

Question 43

are commercially available in straight, U-shaped of circular tubes in a variety of sizes, wattages, voltages, colors, and types of bases.

Answer 43

Linear fluorescent lamps (LFL)

Question 44

are miniaturized fluorescent lamps

Answer 44

Compact fluorescent lamps (CFL)

Question 45

the ratio of light (the luminous flux, in lumens) emitted by a fluorescent luminaire to the electrical energy consumed, including the ballast.

Answer 45

Luminaire efficacy rating (LER)

Question 46

It produce a very bright light by discharging an arc when electrical current passes through a metal gas contained under high pressure in a glass bulb.

Answer 46

High-intensity discharge (HID) lamps

Question 47

were the first commercially available HID lamps. These lamps are constructed of an internal quartz tube enclosed in an outer glass envelope.

Answer 47

Mercury vapor (MV) lamps

Question 48

are constructed in a manner similar to MV lamps except that in addition to the mercury and argon, various metal halides are included in the gas fill.

Answer 48

Metal halide (MH) lamps

Question 49

contain an internal arc tube made of a translucent ceramic material rather than quartz glass because of the high temperature (2350°F/1300°C) at which it operates

Answer 49

High-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps

Question 50

are really a blend between HID and fluorescent technologies. These lamps are constructed of a large sodium-resistant glass tube containing sodium and a neon–argon gas mixture.

Answer 50

Low-pressure sodium (LPS) lamps

Question 51

combine the luminous efficiency of an HID lamp with the good color rendering capability of an incandescent lamp

Answer 51

Blended lamps

Question 52

refers to a type of lighting that uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs), organic light-emitting diode lights (OLEDs), or polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs), instead of traditional lighting sources that use an electrical filament or gas inside a glass bulb.

Answer 52

Solid-state lighting (SSL)

Question 53

A semiconductor that consists of a chip of semiconducting material treated to create a structure with two-electron charged particles.

Answer 53

Light-emitting diode (LED)

Question 54

Two types of fluorescent lamps

Answer 54

Linear FL and Compact FL