limb loss

Question 1

Causes of amputation

Answer 1

diabetes
peripheral vascular disease
trauma

correction, tumours, infections

Question 2

why diabetes and PVD leading cause

Answer 2

decreased circulation
decreased sensation
foot deformities

Question 3

toe amp effects

prosthetic

Answer 3

decreased push off / balance

insoles , stiff soled shoe

Question 4

partial foot / fore foot amp effects / presthetic

Answer 4

lose push off, balance, risk for tissue breakdown

toe filler, slipper boot, AFO

Question 5

lisfranc you leave the

Answer 5

metatarsals

tarsometatarsal

Question 6

chopart you leave

Answer 6

calc / talus

midtarsal

Question 7

symes amp effects

Answer 7

more stable and easier to control

good functional outcome if wounds not an issue

Question 8

symes

Answer 8

ankle disarticulation

distal end of Tib and fib intact while foot bones are removed

can WB (hell pad preserved) but prosthesis for regular walking

Question 9

transtibial amputaion

Answer 9

no WB

calf mm attached to front of limb

Question 10

transtibial effect on function

Answer 10

good function

can aid with transfers

Question 11

knee disarticulation

Answer 11

tib and fib removed
patella may or may not be
may WB

Question 12

transtibial and transfemoral can you WB

Answer 12

no

Question 13

knee articulation and ankle can you WB

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

knee articulation effects

Answer 14

ind w gait aids

better balance that TF

Question 15

knee disarticulation prosthetic

Answer 15

knee axis is lower than normal

Question 16

transferral amp effects

Answer 16

no WB
takes more energy to walk
good balance, may or may not need gait aid

stand step transfers only

Question 17

longer limbs will have __ balance, short limbs will ___

Answer 17

better

contractors and more energy expenditure

Question 18

transferral amp what kind of contraction is unique

Answer 18

abd

Question 19

hip disarticulation effects

Answer 19

walking aid/ w/c, asymmetrical gait

can do functional tasks
high energy consumption

Question 20

education for amputees

Answer 20

pain 
skin 
edema
falls 
contractures

Question 21

knee / hip flexion contraction __ may prevent the client from being a prosthetic candidate

Answer 21

> 20 degrees

Question 22

common contractures in TT

Answer 22

knee and hip flexion

Question 23

common contractors in TF

Answer 23

hip flexion, abd and ER

Question 24

how to prevent contractures

Answer 24

bed positioning 
chair positioning (straight leg)

Question 25

5 pain management ideas

Answer 25

``` education meds exercise relaxation compression mirror ```

Question 26

when should someone casted

Answer 26

conical and cylindrical

Question 27

do you wear a shrinker right away all the time

Answer 27

gradually until able to wear 24 hrs a day

Question 28

when are amputees at fall ris

Answer 28

first waking

Question 29

do you moisturize between toes toes

Answer 29

no

Question 30

TF exercises

Answer 30

hip extension/ add

Question 31

TT exercises

Answer 31

hip and knee extention

Question 32

pre prosthetic exercises

Answer 32

core, UL, balance TF: hip ext, abd, add TT: knee ext/flex, hip ext/adb/add

Question 33

why might someone not be a prosthetic candidate

Answer 33

``` cognition motivation ROM contracture medically fragile ```

Question 34

what does pink red purple mean on skin inspection

Answer 34

good too much ressure not enough contact

Question 35

pressure tolerant areas

Answer 35

``` ischial tuberosity hydrostatic loading (total surface) ```

Question 36

pressure sensitive areas

Answer 36

distal end of residual limb adduct tendon ramus

Question 37

TT skin inspection

Answer 37

tolerant areas: patella tendon medial / lateral tibia posterior mm mass sensitive areas: patella, tibial tuberosity, fib head

Question 38

how to check TT fit

Answer 38

position of patella

Question 39

how to check fit on TF

Answer 39

ischial tuberosity

Question 40

signs of needing more or less socks

Answer 40

redness in sensitive areas phantom pain prosthesis feels heavy, too talk or short can't don

Question 41

gel liner worn at __ shrinker worn at

Answer 41

night | day or night

Question 42

initial contact considerationa

Answer 42

dont pull into mid stance with hamstring on effected side push from contralateral foot

Question 43

watch for __ during terminal stance

Answer 43

early knee flexion , decreased hip extension and retracted pelvis

Question 44

should step lengths be equal

Answer 44

yes

Question 45

common gait deviations

Answer 45

``` abducted leg lateral shift less stance on prosthesis excessive knee flexion absent push off ```