Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Organ Systems III > Limbic System Part 1 > Flashcards

Limbic System Part 1 Flashcards

0
Q

What are the 3 subcortical regions of the limbic system?

A

Hippocampus, amygdala, and ventral striatum nucleus acumbens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are the 4 cortical regions of the limbic system?

A

Prefrontal, cingulate, insula, and parahippocampal gyrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the reticular formation?

A

Several nuclei in the medulla, pons and midbrain, project to wide areas of the thalamus and cortex for alerting and wakefulness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does sensory input enter the reticular formation?

A

Raphe and lateral nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is the Locus ceruleus?

A

Pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where do medial nuclei of the reticular formation project?

A

To the brain and spinal cord for general modulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which area of the prefrontal cortex is responsible for working memory?

A

Lateral prefrontal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which area of the prefrontal cortex is responsible for executive control functions (formulating, refining, and maintaining goals to regulate behavior and solve problems)?

A

Lateral prefrontal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which area of the prefrontal cortex is responsible for determining the course of behavior based on various alternatives?

A

Lateral prefrontal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which area of the prefrontal cortex is responsible for reward, motivation, and emotional decision making?

A

Orbitofrontal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which area of the prefrontal cortex is responsible for reversal of stimulus - response learning?

A

Orbitofrontal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which area of the prefrontal cortex is responsible for inhibiting inappropriate action and deferring immediate reward in favor of long term advantage?

A

Orbitofrontal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the ventromedial cortex include?

A

Medial PFC and anterior cingulate cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which area of the prefrontal cortex is responsible for connections with the hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and hypothalamus that generate and regulate emotional responses, declarative memory, and habits?

A

Ventromedial cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which area of the prefrontal cortex is responsible for Incorporating emotional biasing into decision making processes?

A

Medial PFC (as part of ventromedial cortex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which area of the prefrontal cortex is responsible for extinction of fear conditioning?

A

Medial PFC (as part of the ventromedial cortex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In which part of the prefrontal cortex are emotions experienced and meaning bestowed upon our perceptions?

A

Medial PFC (as part of the ventromedial cortex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which area of the prefrontal cortex is responsible for choosing among complex actions?

A

Anterior cingulate (as part of the ventromedial cortex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which parts of the PFC regulate emotion?

A

Ventral and medial regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which parts of the PFC regulate thought and action?

A

Dorsal and lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

(DMPFC, DLPFC, rlPFC, vmPFC) which area of the PFC is responsible for error monitoring and reality testing?

A

DMPFC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

(DMPFC, DLPFC, rlPFC, vmPFC) which area of the PFC is responsible for top down guidance of attention and thought?

A

DLPFC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

(DMPFC, DLPFC, rlPFC, vmPFC) which area of the PFC is responsible for inhibition of inappropriate actions with the striatum and hypothalamus?

A

rlPFC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

(DMPFC, DLPFC, rlPFC, vmPFC) which area of the PFC is responsible for regulating emotion, with the amygdala?

A

vmPFC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
PFC has direct and indirect connections to ...... and thus can regulate its own catecholamine inputs.
Reticular nuclei
25
How many layers does the hippocampus have?
3
26
Where is the hippocampus?
In the medial temporal lobe, bulges into the lateral ventricle (subcortical)
27
What what 4 structures from the cortex project into the temporal lobe?
Sensory, association, cingulate, and PFC
28
What is the afferent pathway of the hippocampus from the cortex (sensory, association, cingulate, and PFC project into the temporal lobe)
Parahippocampal gyrus to entorhinal cortex to hippocampus and amygdala
29
Where does information go from the hippocampus? (efferents)
from the fornix, it goes to the hypothalamus for neuroendocrine response and the PFC, temporal, and parietal lobes to consolidate memory
30
From where does information come into the hippocampus? (afferents)
sensory, association, cingulate, and PFC
31
Where does norepinephrine go from the LC?
Extensive cortical regions
32
What is the function of NE?
attentional selectivity under stress
33
Where is the ventral tegmentum?
midbrain
34
From which reticular formation nuclei does dopamine originate?
Substancia nigra and ventral tegmentum
35
What is the function of DA?
motivational behavior (PFC)
36
Where does DA go from the ventral tegmentum and substancia nigra?
PFC and basal ganglia
37
From which reticular formation nuclei does serotonin originate?
raphe nuclei
38
Where is the raphe nuclei?
medulla
39
What is the function of serotonin?
mood; sleep/wake cycle
40
Where does Ach come from as it enters the hippocampus?
Septum (diagonal band of Broca)
41
The fornix of the hippocampus carries contextually processed information to ...
Hypothalamus (neuroendocrine response); prefrontal, temporal, and parietal cortex (consolidates memory in cortex)
42
Which two brain structures are associated with declarative memory?
Hippocampus and medial temporal lobe
43
The hippocampus and medial temporal lobe are associated with what type of memory?
Declarative memory
44
Which structure is associated with the emotional type of procedural memory?
Amygdala
45
What type of memory is the amygdala associated with?
Emotional type of procedural memory
46
Which structure is associated with working memory?
Prefrontal cortex
47
What type of memory is the prefrontal cortex associated with?
Working memory
48
What two types of memory make up declarative memory?
Episodic and semantic
49
What is the term for the type of memory for specific, autobiographical episodes or events and allows the mind to travel back into time?
Episodic memory
50
Which type of memory is associated with auto-noetic consciousness?
Episodic memory
51
Which structure consolidates episodic memories?
Hippocampus
52
What happens to episodic memories after they are consolidated in the hippocampus?
Hippocampus projects them to other areas of cortex where they are encoded as semantic memory
53
Where does serotonin go from the raphe nuclei?
extensive cortical regions
54
From which reticular formation nuclei does acetyl choline originate?
septum, nucleus basalis, and diagonal band of Broca
55
Where does Ach go from the septum, nucleus basalis, and diagonal band of Broca?
thalamus and extensive cortical regions
56
What is the primary function of Ach?
Facilitate hippocampal and other cortical regions in memory and cognition.
57
What are the three areas of the prefrontal cortex that are considered part of the limbic system?
Orbitofrontal cortex, lateral PFC, ventromedial cortex
58
Which area of the PFC is primarily motor?
Lateral
59
Which area of the PFC is the "animal"?
orbitofrontal
60
Which area of the PFC works with the hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus acumbens, and hypothalamus to regulate and generate emotional responses, declarative memory, and habits?
Ventromedial
61
Which part of the PFC is associated with emotions?
ventral and medial
62
Which part of the PFC is associated with thought and action?
lateral and dorsal
63
what are the two types of long term memory?
Declarative and procedural
64
What are the two types of declarative memory?
Episodic and semantic
65
Which brain structure is related to the procedural emotional response memory?
amygdala
66
Which structures of the brain area associated with declarative memory?
hippocampus and medial temporal lobe
67
Which area of the brain is associated with working memory?
PFC
68
(semantic or episodic) non contextual
semantic
69
(semantic or episodic) facts
semantic
70
(semantic or episodic) extends into precuneus
semantic
71
(semantic or episodic) noetic consciousness
semantic
72
(semantic or episodic) events and time and place
episodic
73
(semantic or episodic) auto-noetic
episodic
74
(semantic or episodic) interconnections between the hippocampus and PFC
episodic
75
Which areas of the brain are associated with retrieval of autobiographical memory?
Middle/inferior temporal gyri, medial PFC, inferior parietal lobe
76
Where is semantic memory consolidated?
ventrolateral, ventromedial PFC, anerolateral temporal, junction between occipital, temporal, and posterior regions in medial and lateral parietal, extends to the precuneus
77
Which structure of the brain connects to the visual cortex to give an impression of what a memory looked like?
precuneus
78
What are the 2 main reasons for sleep?
Synaptic repair, consolidate memory
79
How long are the cycles of REM/SW?
90 minutes
80
What is the first half of sleep dominated by?
SWS
81
What is the second half of sleep dominated by?
REM

Organ Systems III (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions