Linkers (preposition vs conjunction)

Question 1

In spite of

Answer 1

Preposition.

In spite of the traffic we were able to come on time.

Question 2

Although

Answer 2

Conjunction. Introduces the clause.

Although the traffic was terrible, we were able to come on time.

Question 3

(even) Though

Answer 3

Conjunction. Can be used after the clause.
We were able to come on time. The traffic was terrible, though./Though the traffic was terrible, we were able to come on time.

Question 4

While/whilst/whereas

Answer 4

Conjunction. Used to contrast clauses.

While nowadays English is obviously the most popular language internationally, the history knew other lingua francas.

Question 5

Despite

Answer 5

Preposition.

Despite having spent almost 10 years studying English, I still make spelling mistakes.

Question 6

However (1)

Answer 6

Conjunction, =but

I`ve spent almost 10 years studying English. However, I still make spelling mistakes.

Question 7

However (2)

Answer 7

Conjunction, =no matter how

However hard I`ve tried, I still make spelling mistakes.

Question 8

In case

Answer 8

Conjunction. =less likely than if
Let me write it down, in case I (should) forget.
CONDITIONAL clause, so NO FUTURE forms!!!

Question 9

As if

Answer 9

Conjunction. Hypothetical condition.

He presented the news so proudly, as if it was true. (but it wasn`t)

Question 10

Like

Answer 10

Preposition. Comparison.

This flat is huge like a castle. (but the flat is not a castle)

Question 11

As

Answer 11

Preposition.

She works as a waitress in a bar. (she is a waitress)

Question 12

While

Answer 12

Conjunction. Temporal clauses, always Cont tenses.

While we were driving, it was snowing all the time.

Question 13

During

Answer 13

Preposition.

During his visit to London he was planning to meet old friends.

Question 14

Because/since/for/as

Answer 14

Conjunction. Reasoning.

I didnt want to do anything that day because/since/for/as I hadnt slept enough.

Question 15

Because of

Answer 15

Preposition.

I didn`t want to do anything that day because of not having slept enough.

Question 16

Since

Answer 16

Can be both preposition and conjunction. Time.

Since childhood Ive been able to play the guitar./Since I was a child Ive been able to play the guitar.

Question 17

Unless

Answer 17

Conjunction. =if not
Unless you do your homework regularly, you can`t succeed.
CONDITIONAL clause, so NO FUTURE forms!!!

Question 18

Until

Answer 18

Conjunction. Temporal clause.
I`ll be working on this deck until I mention every difficult linker.
TEMPORAL clause, so NO FUTURE forms!!!

Question 19

Till

Answer 19

Can be both preposition and conjunction. Time.
Youll have to wait till tomorrow./Youll have to wait till I`m done.
TEMPORAL clause, so NO FUTURE forms!!!

Question 20

Before

Answer 20

Can be both preposition and conjunction. Time.
Before teaching I used to do business./Before I started teaching I used to do business.
TEMPORAL clause, so NO FUTURE forms!!!

Question 21

If (1)

Answer 21

Conjunction. Conditional clauses.
If I were you, I`d be more careful.
CONDITIONAL clause, so NO FUTURE forms!!!

Question 22

If (2)

Answer 22

Conjunction. Relative clause.

I have no idea if he will show up tonight.

Question 23

Whether

Answer 23

Conjunction. Relative clause. Unlike if, can be used after prepositions.
You have different chances of getting hired depending ON WHETHER you live in a city of in a countryside.

Question 24

That

Answer 24

Conjunction. Relative clause. Can be excluded from the clause.
I am absolutely sure (that) he will show up.

Question 25

What

Answer 25

Conjunction. Relative clause. Cannot be excluded from the clause (coz is either subject ot object) I have no idea what you were thinking about./I have no idea what came to your mind.

Question 26

Without

Answer 26

Preposition. | I won`t come without her.

Question 27

Due to

Answer 27

Preposition. Reasoning. | Due to being tired I wasn`t very successful with my homework.

Question 28

Therefore

Answer 28

Conjunction. Reasoning. (=so) | I was tired, therefore wasn`t very successful with my homework.

Question 29

Besides

Answer 29

Can be both preposition and conjunction. Adding. Besides being able to play the guitar pretty well, he also was very sporty./He could play the guitar pretty well, Besides, he was very sporty.

Question 30

Beside

Answer 30

Preposition. Space. (=next to) | They were sitting beside me in the bus.

Question 31

Except for

Answer 31

Preposition. Excluding. | I liked everythhing except for the cake. (The cake I didn`t like)

Question 32

Except

Answer 32

Can be both preposition and conjunction. Excluding. | They work every day except Sunday./I didn`t tell him anything except that I needed money.

Question 33

In order to

Answer 33

Adverb. Verb follows. Purpose. | I wake up early in order to be on time for work./in order not to be late for work.

Question 34

So that

Answer 34

Conjunction. Purpose. | I wake up early so that I`m not late for work.