Lipid Lowering Medications

Question 1

Cholesterol and triglycerides attach to this soluble protein

Answer 1

(apo)lipoprotein

Question 2

What are bad lipoproteins

Answer 2

VLDL
IDL
LDL

Question 3

Lipid Metabolism Exogenous means

Answer 3

through the diet

Question 4

Remnants of lipoproteins are excreted through

Answer 4

the bile

Question 5

Dyslipidemia is an elevation in

or

decrease in

Answer 5

Elevation in :Total cholesterol, LDL, TG, lipoprotein (a)

Decrease: HDL, apoA

Question 6

What are risk factors of dyslipidemia

Answer 6

familial
genetic
diet
endocrine/hepatic/renal/metabolic disorders

Question 7

Statins are knows as

Answer 7

HMG CoA reductase Inhibitors

Question 8

MOA of statins

Answer 8

competitive inhibition of HMG CoA enzyme

Question 9

Low intracellular cholesterol will causes cells to _______ the number of LDL receptors, removing excess_________from the plasma

Answer 9

upregulates
LDL

Question 10

Statins lower______
raise_______and reduce___________

Answer 10

LDL & TGs
raise HDL
reduce cardiac events

Question 11

What medications are statins

Answer 11

Simvastatin
Atorvastatin
Lovastatin
Pravastatin

Question 12

Side effects of statins

Answer 12

Muscular
Myalgia
Rhabdo
common hepatic issues like
elevated LFTs
GI upset common

Question 13

Bile Acid Resins often have prefix

Answer 13

COLE-s

Question 14

MOA of Bile Acid Resins

Answer 14

Bind bile acids in the initestines
Prevent enterohepatic recycling of bile acids

upregulation occurs

Question 15

Bile Acid Reins lower

Answer 15

LDL

Question 16

What medications are considered Bile Acid Resins

Answer 16

Cholestyramine
Colestipol
Colesevelam

Question 17

What are side effects of Bile Acid Resins

Answer 17

Nausea
GI upset
Constipation
Decreased absorption of drugs
like fat soluble vitamins
Transient increase in LFTs

Question 18

MOA of Ezetimibe

Answer 18

Inhibits NPC1L1 and cholesterol absorption

leads to upregulation

Question 19

Ezetimibe lowers and usually combined with

Answer 19

lowers LDL & TGs
combined w/statins to improve CVD

Question 20

Side effects of ezetimibe

Answer 20

diarrhea and elevated liver enzymes

Question 21

MOA of fibrates

Answer 21

Activate PPAR-alpha, which changes the genetic expression

oxidation of FFA decreases inflammation

decreased hepatic synthesis of TGs

increases expression of lipoprotein lipase

increases synthesis of HDL

Question 22

what are the effects of fibrates

Answer 22

reduced TGs and LDL
increase HDL

Question 23

what medications are known as fibrates

Answer 23

Gemfibrozil
Fenofibrate
Bezafibrate

Question 24

What are the side effects of fibrates

Answer 24

myopathy
rhabdo
gallstones
GI upset
increased LFTs
increased warfarin
anticoagulation

Question 25

Niacin is also known as

Answer 25

Vit B3

Question 26

Niacin MOA

Answer 26

Inhibits release of fatty acids from adipose decreases FFA uptake by liver decreases TG synthesis by liver

Question 27

Niacin lowers and raises

Answer 27

lowers TGs and LDL raises HDL