Lipids Flashcards
(11 cards)
1
Q
What are some functions of lipids within the body?
A
- Energy stores
- Thermal insulation
- Protection
- Membrane structure
- Electrical insulation
- Steroid hormones.
2
Q
What is the structure of triglycerides?
A
- Triglycerides consist of one glycerol molecule joined to three fatty acid molecules
- Held together by ester bonds formed via condensation reactions
3
Q
How do fatty acids differ?
A
- Fatty acids differ in hydrocarbon chain length
- Have a carbon-carbon double bond
4
Q
What are the characteristics of saturated fatty acids?
A
- Have no double bonds
- Have high melting points
- Solid at room temperature
5
Q
What are the characteristics of unsaturated fatty acids?
A
- Contain double bonds
- Have low melting points
- Liquids at room temperature
6
Q
What is the structure of phospholipids?
A
- One phosphate group, one glycerol molecule, and two fatty acids
- Fatty acid tails are uncharged and non-polar (hydrophobic)
- Phosphate head groups have a negative charge (hydrophilic)
7
Q
How do phospholipids form a bilayer in biological membranes?
A
- Hydrophilic phosphate head groups are attracted to water
- Hydrophobic fatty acid tails cluster away from water
- Create an inner hydrophobic layer sandwiched between two layers of hydrophilic phosphate head groups.
8
Q
What is the structure of cholesterol?
A
- 4 hydrocarbon rings
- Hydrocarbon tail
- Hydroxyl group.
9
Q
What are the functions of cholesterol?
A
Maintains the integrity and fluidity of cell membranes
10
Q
How are triglycerides structured?
A
- Two types of sub-units: fatty acids and glycerol
- Held together by ester bonds formed during condensation reactions.
11
Q
What are the properties of triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol?
A
