Lipids

Question 0

Why are fats so important?

Answer 0

Maintaining healthy skin and hair, insulating body organs against shock, maintaining body temperature, promoting healthy cell function and energy storage

Question 1

What are lipids?

Answer 1

Lipid is the general term for fats (solids), oils (liquids) and their related compounds (waxes and sterols)

Question 2

What are some of the properties of lipids?

Answer 2

Relatively small molecules, hydrophobic or amphiphilic

Question 3

What does hydrophobic mean?

Answer 3

Water fearing = non-soluble in water

Question 4

What does amphiphilic mean?

Answer 4

both loving = one end is soluble in water, one end is non-soluble in water

Question 5

What does hydrophilic mean?

Answer 5

Water loving = soluble in water

Question 6

What is a adipose cell?

Answer 6

It is a fat cell

Question 7

Cells in adipose tissues contain…

Answer 7

…high levels of fat

Question 8

Adipose cells are the body’s means of…

Answer 8

…storing metabolic energy over extended periods of time

Question 9

Lipid molecules carry much more…

Answer 9

…energy per molecule than any other organic compound

Question 10

What two molecules are fats made of?

Answer 10

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 11

What is one fatty acid connected by an ester bond to a glycerol called?

Answer 11

Monoglycerid

Question 12

What is two fatty acid connected by an two ester bonds to a glycerol called?

Answer 12

Diglyceride

Question 13

What is three fatty acid connected by an three ester bond to a glycerol called?

Answer 13

Triglyceride

Question 14

What is the most common type of fat?

Answer 14

Triglyceride

Question 15

What is a saturated fatty acid?

Answer 15

Fatty acid where no double-bonds exist between carbon atoms and every carbon is ‘saturated’ with maximum number of hydrogen atoms

Question 16

What is an unsaturated fatty acid?

Answer 16

An unsaturated fatty acid contains at least one double-bond between carbon atoms and has less hydrogens than the maximum amount determined by an saturated fatty acid.

Question 17

The difference between a unsaturated and saturated fatty acid?

Answer 17

Unsaturated fatty acid contains a kink in the molecule as a result of the double bond in the chain

Question 18

Are fats and oils the same thing?

Answer 18

Yes but fats are the solid form and oils are the liquid form

Question 19

Fats are comprised of…

Answer 19

…straight fatty acids which means that fat molecules can be more tightly packed together – forming a solid

Question 20

Oils are comprised of…

Answer 20

…Bent fatty acids means that fat molecules can’t be tightly packed together – forming a liquid

Question 21

Are fats or oils healthier?

Answer 21

Therefore, unsaturated fats are healthier as they are liquids at room temperature, and therefore won’t clog up your blood stream!

Question 22

What are waxes?

Answer 22

Waxes are another type of lipid

Question 23

What are the two molecules that comprise a wax?

Answer 23

Alcohol and fatty acid

Question 24

What are sterols?

Answer 24

Sterols are another type of lipid comprised of multiple carbon rings

Question 25

What are phospholipid molecules?

Answer 25

Another type of lipids that is composed of glycerol and two fatty acids. (normally a unsaturated and saturated fatty acid)

Question 26

Phospholipids are amphiphilic because...

Answer 26

...the glycerol head is hydrophilic and the fatty acid tails are hydrophobic

Question 27

Phospholipids form together to make the...

Answer 27

...plasma membrane