Lithiasis/Infections Flashcards
Primary hyperparathyroidism:
A. Is more common in male patients
B. Is diagnosed with ultrasound of the neck
C. Has its peak incidence at about 50 years of age
D. Is combined with renal stones in more than 50% of patients
C. Has its peak incidence at about 50 years of age
What is the next step after percutaneus nephrolithotomy (PNL) when bleeding occurs from the nephrostomy tract?
A. Endoscopic exploration
B. Continous irrigation from the nephrostomy tube
C. Insertion of a larger nephrostomy catheter
D. Closure of the nephrostomy catheter allowing tamponade
D. Closure of the nephrostomy catheter allowing tamponade
A young woman is diagnosed with acute uncomplicated bacterial cystitis. Which pathogen is considered to be the most likely?
A. Escherichia coli
B. Proteus vulgaris
C. Enterococcus faecalis
D. Staphylococcus aureus
A. Escherichia coli
Which organisms produce urease?
A. Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
B. Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella oxytoca, Candida humicola
C. Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus vulgaris, Providencia stuartii, Escherichia coli
D. Staphylococcus epidermis, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus vulgaris
A. Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Which of the following Stones are radiolucent?
A. Uric acid, Amonium urate, Xanthine, 2.8-dihydroxyadenine
B. Uric acid, cystine, ammonium urate, Xanthine
C. Xanthine, Uric acid, Cystine, Apatite
D. Calcium phosphates, Apatite, Cystine, Uric acid
A. Uric acid, Amonium urate, Xanthine, 2.8-dihydroxyadenine
Which kidney stone situation is the best indication for laparoscopic surgery?
A. Pelvic kidney
B. Horseshoe kidney
C. Ureteropelvic junction obstruction
D. Congenital megaureter
C. Ureteropelvic junction obstruction
Which statement regarding general prevention of kidney stone recurrence is correct?
A. Calcium intake should be restricted
B. High intake of animal protein should be encouraged
C. A vegetarian diet decreases urinary pH because it is usually more acidic
D. Vegetable intake should be encouraged because of the beneficial effects of fibre
D. Vegetable intake should be encouraged because of the beneficial effects of fibre
What is the main side effect of the antituberculosis drug Ethambutol!
A. Ototoxicity
B. Optic neuritis
C. Hepatotoxicity
D. Renal insufficiency
B. Optic neuritis
Which of the following is NOT a complication of epididymo-orchitis?
A. Abscess formation
B. Testicular infarction
C. Testicular atrophy
D. Testicular torsion
D. Testicular torsion
Chemolysis is an effective means of therapy for the following stones EXEPT:
A. Calcium phosphate stones
B. Cystine stones
C. Uric acid stones
D. Infection stones
A. Calcium phosphate stones
Wich is the best method of imaging for renal tuberculosis?
A. Choline PET CT
B. CT urography
D. Renogram
C. Retrograde pyelography
B. CT urography
A 19-year-old man presents with acute pain and swelling of his left scrotum. Which is the most common cause?
A. Viral epididymitis
B. Bacterial epididymitis
C. Viral orchitis
D. Bacterial orchitis
B. Bacterial epididymitis
Thiazide diuretics are indicated in renal lithiasis to correct:
A. Hyperoxaluria
B. Idiopatic hypercalciuria
C. Hyperuricemia due to underexcretion
D. Hyperuricemia due to overproduction
B. Idiopatic hypercalciuria
Which type of stone is related to Sarcoidosis?
A. Xanthine
B. Uric acid
C. Calcium oxalate
D. Magnesium ammonium phosphate
C. Calcium oxalate
Hypercalciuria in primary hyperparathyroidism shows:
A. High serum calcium, high urine cyclic AMP, high intestinal calcium absorption
B. High serum calcium, high urine cyclic AMP, normal intestinal calcium absorption
C. High serum calcium, normal urine cyclic AMP, normal intestinal calcium absorption
D. High serum calcium, normal or low urine cyclic AMP, high intestinal calcium absorption
A. High serum calcium, high urine cyclic AMP, high intestinal calcium absorption
