liver anatomy of physiology

Question 1

what capsule covers the liver and any conditions associated with this

Answer 1

glissons capsule

HELLP syndrome

Question 2

budd chiari syndrome what is it

what lobe does not get affected

Answer 2

obstruction in outflow of the liver - IVC or hepatic veins causing back pressure and liver failure

caudate lobe

Question 3

normal changes of the liver as you get older

Answer 3

liver size decreases
blood flow to the liver decreases
rate or regenerative ability decreases
concentration of P-450 enzyme decreases

Question 4

ALP is found to be riased in cholestasis where is ALP also found

Answer 4

in bone tissue and the placenta
pagets causes ALP and bone pain, bone cancer etc

Question 5

pagets disease what things woudl you see

Answer 5

ALP and bone pain

Question 6

if the AST rise is greater than ALT what is it

Answer 6

alcoholic liver disease - high GGT

Question 7

if the rise in ALT is greater than AST what is it

Answer 7

non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Question 8

hyperoestrogenism from liver failure can cause what

Answer 8

palmar erythema and gynaecomastia - hepatic encephalopathy

Question 9

chronic liver disease sign

Answer 9

dupuytrens contracture , clubbing and puritits

Question 10

how to stratify chronic liver disease what classification

Answer 10

child pugh classification

Question 11

in the child-pugh score what are we assessing

Answer 11

albumin , bilirubin , clotting, distnetion, encephalopathy ABCDE

Question 12

irreversible remodelling of the liver due to fibrosis

Answer 12

liver cirrhosis

Question 13

features of portal hypertension

Answer 13

oesophageal varicies
caput medusae
gastric varices
ascites
anorectal varices
splenomegaly

Question 14

treatment of portal hypertension
defintive

Answer 14

trans-jugular intra-hepatic porto-systemic shunt TIPSS

Question 15

big contraindications do TIPSS procedure

Answer 15

hepatic encephalopathy( cannot get rid of ammonia - gonna worse it with this)
heart failure