Liver Day 3 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Hepatic metabolic functions of the liver: carbs
Converts excess sugar to glycogen
If there is lack of sugar it converts glycogen into glucose
Hepatic metabolic functions of the liver: fats
Converts stored fat into energy
Yeilding glc and cholesterol etc
Converts hepatocytes into lipoproteins
Hepatic metabolic functions of the liver: protein
Forms many plasma proteins like albumin and fibrinogen
Converts amino acids to fatty acids and urea
Digestive function of the liver
Secretes bile and bilirubin in the bile
Storage function of the liver
Stores iron and vitamins
Detox function of the liver
Detoxes the liver from alcohol poison drugs and hormones
What does albumin do
Draws water into the vascular system from tissue spaces
What does fibrinogen do
Helps with the process of blood clotting
What are enzymes
Protein catalysts
What does B.U.N
Measures the amount of urea in blood
Process of the bilirubin detox
- Seperates from albumin
- Combines with 2 glucuronide molecules
- Then actively transported across the cell membrane into bile canaliculi
- Lastly the bile duct receives it and deliver it to the bowel to be excreted in feces
What is bile
Excretory product of the liver
What does bile do
Emulsifies fat and excretes liver wastes products
Components of bile
Water, bile salts, and bile pigment
What does bile salts do
Helps with vitamin absorption
What do the liver functions tests demonstrate
How the liver is functioning in normal and/or abnormal conditions
What are the 7 liver functions test
- AST
- ALT
- Prothrombin time
- LDH
5.Bilirubin - Alk Phos
- Albumin/Globulins
What is AST? When do we find high values of it?
A enzyme present in tissues with high metabolic activity
If there is high levels in blood that means that the tissue it is in is either dead or damaged (disease present)
What does lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) show? Where is it present
Shows a probable myocardial infarction or pulmonary infarction if in high values
Present in lungs, sk m, heart, kidney, brain, amd liver
Where is alkaline phosphatase produced? What does it indicate
By placenta, bone, liver and intestines
High levels show possible obstruction, abcess, carcinoma, or cirrhosis
Why is there a high level of bilirubin
Excess rbc destruction
Malfunction if liver cells
Blockage of ducts leading to cells
What is prothrombin time? What does high levels indicate?
Its a liver enzyme important for blood clotting
Increase levels probable liver disease with cellular damage
Albumin/globulin levels effects
Decreased levels = decreased protein synthesis which can lead to metabolic derangement of liver
