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Hepatology > Liver disease > Flashcards

Liver disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is the portal vein made up of?

A

SMV

splenic

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2
Q

How many segments are in the liver?

A

8

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3
Q

What does liver do?

A 
digestion - creates bile
coagulation
metabolism
immune fnx
stores vitamins, minerals and glucose
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4
Q

What are the types of liver disease?

A

alcoholic liver disease
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
viral hepatitis

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5
Q

What is TB in LFTs?

A

total bilirubin

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6
Q

What is AST in LFTs?

A

aspartate aminotransferase

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7
Q

What is ALP in LFTs?

A

alkaline phosphatase

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8
Q

What is ALT in LFTs?

A

alanine aminotransferase

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9
Q

What is GGT in LFTs?

A

gamma glutamyl trnasferase

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10
Q

What is Alb in LFTs?

A

albumin

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11
Q

How would LFTs look in alcohol excess?

A

raised AST and ALT

GGT

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12
Q

What does deranged AST and ALT indicate?

A

hepatocyte damage

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13
Q

What does LFTs >1000 mean?

A

viral hepatitis
paracetamol overdose
ischaemia

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14
Q

What does derenged ALP/GGT indicate?

A

cholestasis
biliary disease (gallstones)
primary biliary cholangitis
drugs NAFLD

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15
Q

What is the difference between acute and chronic liver disease?

A

new (2-3 months) acute

>6 months

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16
Q

What are the common causes of acute liver disease?

A

drugs - paracetamol
alcohol
viral hepatitis

17
Q

What are the common causes of chronic liver disease?

A 
alcohol
NAFLD
viral hepatitis
autoimmune disease
haemochromatosis
18
Q

What are some autoimmune liver diseases?

A

autoimmune hepatitis
primary biliary cholangitis
primary sclerosing cholangitis

19
Q

What are the chronic types of viral hepatitis?

A

B and C

20
Q

What is normal bilirubinlevels?

A

<20

21
Q

When is jaundice noticeable?

A

bilirubin >60

22
Q

What is cirrhosis?

A

scarring of the liver

23
Q

How is cirrhosis diagnosed?

A

clinical features
radiology
fibroscan

24
Q

What are teh complications of cirrhosis?

A 
jaundice
hepatic encephalopathy
coagulopathy
portal hypertension
liver cancer
25
Q

What is the scoring system for liver disease?

A

child pugh score

26
Q

What happens in portal hypertension?

A

increased hepatic vascular resistance
gastroesophageal varices
increased portal blood flow
ascites

27
Q

What are varices?

A

dilated veins

can bleed and you can die

28
Q

Treatment for varices?

A

beta-blockers (propanolol)

banding

29
Q

What is the presentation for HCC?

A

RUQ pain
weight loss
decompensated disease

30
Q

What is AFP?

A

alpha fetoprotein

tumour marker for HCC

31
Q

What are some signs of chronic liver disease?

A 
hepatomegaly
ascites
palmar erythema
cirrhosis
caput medusa
gynaecomastia
icterus
spider nevi
ecchymosis
leukonychia
finer clubbing
asterixis
32
Q

What is the management of liver disease?

A 
treat underlying condition
focus on nutrition and physical fitness
complications of cirrhosis
screening
transplant

Hepatology (2 decks)

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