Liver Function

Question 1

Carbohydrate metabolism

Answer 1

Control of glucose
Responsive to insulin (Glycogenisis)
Responsive to glucagon (Glycogenolysis)

Question 2

Key functions

Answer 2

Carbohydrate metabolism
Transamination
Deamination
Detoxification

Question 3

Transamination

Answer 3

Conversion of 1 amino acid to another
Essential 9 amino acids in food

Question 4

Deamination

Answer 4

Remove excess amino acids
Contain nitrogen damaging to the body
Amino groups removed by hepatocytes
Organic acids respired to give atp stored as glycogen
Ammonia to create urea

Question 5

Ornithine cycle

Answer 5

Ammonia produced by Deamination is converted into urea in this cycle via enzymes
Ammonia + co2 -> urea and water
Happens in mitochondria and cytoplasm of hepatocytes

Question 6

Detoxification (general)

Answer 6

Toxins taken in by choice detoxified here
Hydrogen peroxide -> h20 + O2 via catalase

Question 7

Detoxification of alcohol

Answer 7

Ethanol broken down via alcohol dehydrogenase in hepatocytes
Ethanol-> ethanal then to acetic acid
Used in respiration or fatty acid build up

Question 8

Detoxification and NAD+

Answer 8

NAD+ required to break down fatty acids
If liver is used to detoxify too much alcohol has less nad+ to deal w fatty acids
Converted into lipids and stored in hepatocytes
Fatty liver cirrhosis or hepatitis