Liver, Pancreas, Spleen (1.10)

Question 1

What kind of organ is the liver?

Answer 1

The liver is a large glandular organ…secretes bile

Question 2

What is the Porta hepatis?

Answer 2

Entry/exit site of blood vessels and bile ducts to the liver

Question 3

What are the four lobes of the liver?

Answer 3

Left
Right
Caudate
Quadrate

Question 4

What is the physiological split of the liver?

Answer 4

Right (receives from right portal vein, right hepatic artery, and right bile ducts)

Left, Caudate, and Quadrate (receive from left portal vein, left hepatic artery, and left bile ducts)

Question 5

What separates the four lobes of the liver?

Answer 5

An H-shaped group of fissures and wide sulci

Question 6

What forms the right sagittal limb of the liver’s H?

Answer 6

Sulcus for the inferior vena cava

Fossa for the gallbladder

Question 7

What forms the left sagittal limb of the liver’s H?

Answer 7

Fissure for the ligamentum venosum (ductus venosus in fetus)

Fissure for the ligamentum teres hepatis (oblterated umbilical vein)

Question 8

What forms the portal limb (or cross limb) of the liver’s H?

Answer 8

Porta hepatis

Question 9

Where does the gallbladder lie?

Answer 9

The right edge of the right edge of the quadrate lobe

Question 10

What is the gallbladder derived from?

Answer 10

The gallbladder is derived from the foregut

Question 11

What is the role of the gallbladder?

Answer 11

The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile between active digestion sessions

Question 12

What are the parts of the gallbladder?

Answer 12

Fundus
Body
Neck
Cystic duct

Question 13

Where does the cystic artery usually arise from?

Answer 13

Usually from the right hepatic artery in the triangle of calot

Variations happen

Question 14

What is biliary colic?

Answer 14

The spasmodic pain that accompanies gallstones

Question 15

Is the pancreas intra- or retro-peritoneal?

Answer 15

Both…
Almost entirely retro
Tail lies within the hilus of the spleen and is intraperitoneal

Question 16

What are the parts to the pancreas?

Answer 16

Head (w/in curve of duodenum)
Neck (where splenic and SMV meet to form portal vein)
Body (provides attachment for transverse
Tail (passes b/w the two layers of the slpenorenal ligament with the splenic vessels)

Question 17

Where is the origin of the main pancreatic duct?

Answer 17

At the tail of the pancreas…it runs through the gland…developed from ventral pancreas

Question 18

Where does the main pancreatic duct go after leaving the pancreas?

Answer 18

Usually joins the bile duct to form the heptaopancreatic duct…then opens into the duodenum

Question 19

Where does the hepatopancreatic duct open into the duodenum?

Answer 19

At the summit of the major duodenal papilla…open separately in 25% of the cases

Question 20

What is the accessory pancreatic duct?

Answer 20

Small duct that drains head of pancreas

Question 21

What does the accessory pancreatic duct usually join with?

Answer 21

Main pancreatic duct

Can remain independent and open into the duodenum at the summit of the minor duodenal papilla

Question 22

A gallstone gets stuck in the hepatopancreatic duct: what is one possible effect?

Answer 22

Pancreatitis…bile is forced into the pancreatic duct

Question 23

Where is pancreatic cancer usually involved?

Answer 23

The head of the pancreas

Question 24

What arteries feed the pancreas?

Answer 24

Branches of the splenic artery
Gastroduodenal artery
Superior mesenteric branches

Question 25

What is the spleen?

Answer 25

A large vascular lymphatic organ

Question 26

What are the functions of the spleen?

Answer 26

Produce antibodies from B-lymphocytes (plasma cells)
Filter blood and dispose of defective blood cells
Store/concentrate blood cells and platelets (by macrophages)

Question 27

What are the parts of the spleen?

Answer 27

Hilus

Diaphragmatic surface

Question 28

What ligaments attach to the spleen?

Answer 28

Gastrolienal

Splenorenal

Question 29

Where does the gastrolienal ligament pass? What does it carry?

Answer 29

Passes from hilus to the greater curvature of the stomach

Carries the left gastro-omental and short gastric arteries

Question 30

Where does the splenorenal ligament pass? What does it carry?

Answer 30

Passes from the hilus to the left kidney

Carries the splenic vessels and tail of pancreas