Liver Patterns Flashcards

Question

Liver-Blood Stagnation - Clinical Manifestations

Answer 1

*Irritability Outbursts of Anger Tinnitus Deafness *Temporal Headaches Dizziness *Red Face and eyes Thirst Bitter Taste Dream-disturbed sleep Constipation with dry stools Dark yellow urine Epistaxis (nosebleed) Haematemesis (vomiting blood) Heamoptysis (coughing up blood) *Tongue: Red body, redder on the sides, dry yellow coating Pulse: EP: Tense or Tight, Flooding Excess, Robust Pounding, Rapid esp. in LMP

Answer 2

Tongue: Red body, redder on the sides, dry yellow coating

Answer 3

Pulse: EP: Tense or Tight, Flooding Excess, Robust Pounding, Rapid esp. in LMP

Answer 4

Emotional Stress - Emotional repression over time makes Qi stagnate and implode, giving rise to Heat. Diet - Excessive alcohol, fried foods and red meat can contribute to the formation of Heat in the Liver.

Answer 5

Full-Heat in the Liver Red face and eyes, temporal headaches, dizziness, dream-disturbed sleep, irritability - Natural tendency of Liver-Fire to flare upwards. Mental emotional symptoms worse than for Liver-Yang rising or LIver-Qi stagnation as FIre agitates the MInd. Tinnitus (high-pitched whistle)/deafness - Liver-Fire ascends upwards and clouds the ear orifices. Bitter Taste - Liver-Fire rising towards the mouth and throat. This will be present all day not just in the morning following a bad night's sleep, as with with Heart-Fire. Constipation with dry stools and dark urine - Fire drys up the Body Fluids. Vomiting or coughing blood (rare) - Liver-Fire heating the Blood causing it to extravaste. Red tongue body and sides - reflects Heat, dry yellow coating confirms that it is Full-Heat

Answer 6

Liver-Qi stagnation (long standing) - implodes and gives rise to Heat which can transform into FIre. Liver Yang - transforming into Liver-Fire (especially when there are dietary aetiological factors).

Answer 7

Liver-Yin deficiency - Liver-Fire can dry up Yin Heart-Fire - Liver-Fire can easily transmit to the Heart (more likely when severe emotional stress is the cause).

Answer 8

Clear the Liver Drain Fire

Answer 9

LIV2 - Main point to use. It is specific to drain Liver-Fire LIV3 - Drains the Liver GB20 - Drains the Liver-Fire and subdues ascending Liver-Qi (important point for eye problems or headaches) Taiyang - Clears Liver-Fire and is used for Temporal headaches GB13 - Subdues ascending Liver-Yang and calms the Mind. LI11 - Clears Heat GB1, GB9, GB8, GB6 important local points for Liver-Fire ascending to the head. To be used only when their are headaches. SP6 nourish Yin which can help to drain Fire LIV1 - clears the Liver and subdues rising Liver-Yang and Liver-Fire

Answer 10

*Fullness in the hypochondrium, abdomen or hypogastrium *Bitter Taste *Sticky Taste Poor appetite *Nausea *Feeling of heaviness in the body Yellow vaginal discharge Vaginal itching Vulva eczema or sores mid-cycle bleeding/and or pain pain, redness and swelling of the scrotum genital, popular or vesticular skin rashes and itching urinary difficulty, burning on urinating, dark urine *Tongue: Red body with redder sides, sticky yellow coating Pulse: Tense and slippery esp. in LMP more tense and slippery as there is more damp and Heat.

Answer 11

Tongue: Red body with redder sides, sticky yellow coating

Answer 12

Pulse: Tense and slippery esp. in LMP more tense and slippery as there is more damp and Heat.

Answer 13

Diet - Excessive consumption of diary foods and greasy foods or an irregular diet leads to the formation of dampness. External pathogenic factors - External dampness invades the channels of the legs and can then easily settle in the organs, can combine with Heat.

Answer 14

Feeling of fulness - Typical of dampness Sticky taste, vaginal discharge and vaginal sores - Dampness is sticky Nausea, poor appetite - Dampness obstructs the middle burner impairing the descending of Stomach-Qi Feeling of heaviness - Dampness is heavy

Answer 15

Spleen-Qi deficiency - Long term stagnation of Liver-Qi can lead to Liver-Heat which combines with Dampness. Therefore, any of the causes of Liver-Qi stagnation can contribute to this pattern.

Answer 16

Phlegm - Dampness can lead to the formation of Phlegm if it persists for many years.

Answer 17

Resolve Damp Clear the Liver Clear Heat

Answer 18

LIV14 - regulates Liver-Qi in the hypochondrium and epigastrium GB34 - resolves Dampness in the Liver and Gallbladder BL18 - resolves Dampness from the Liver REN12 - Tonifies the Spleen to resolve Dampness SP9 and SP6 - resolve Dampness from the Lower Burner LI11 - resolves dampness and clears Heat LIV2 - clears Liver-Heat

Answer 19

Dizziness Numbness or tingling in the limbs Insomnia *Blurred vision Floaters in eyes Diminished night vision *scanty menstruation or amenorrhea *dull pale complexion without lustre pale lips Muscular weakness cramps withered and brittle nails dry hair and skin depression a feeling of aimlessness *Tongue: Pale body, especially on the sides (in severe cases can be an orangy colour) thin and slightly dry Pulse: EP: Could be thin, possibly elevated ROE. LMP: Thin, pos. choppy to reflect stagnation due to blood deficiency LMP: Blood depth diminished or spreading

Answer 20

*Tongue: Pale body, especially on the sides (in severe cases can be an orangy colour) thin and slightly dry

Answer 21

Pulse: EP: Could be thin, possibly elevated ROE. LMP: Thin, pos. choppy to reflect stagnation due to blood deficiency LMP: Blood depth diminished or spreading

Answer 22

Diet - lacking in nourishment or lacking in Blood-forming foods (meat and grains) can weaken the Spleen, which in turn cannot make enough Blood. In turn not enough Blood stored by the Liver. Emotional stress - sadness and grief can deplete Liver-Blood directly. Emotional stress may also lead to Blood-deficiency by initially depleting Qi, which fails to make enough Blood. Excessive physical exercise - injures the Yang of the Spleen and Kidneys. Food-Qi of the Spleen is the precursor of Blood and the Kidneys are the origin of Tian Gui which makes menstrual blood. Excessive also injures the sinews and therefore the Liver in the long run. Blood Loss

Answer 23

Much more common in women than men. Liver stores Blood so any deficiency of Blood often manifests in the Liver system. Poor vision, floaters - The LIver opens into the eyes. Deficient Liver-Blood will fail to moisten the eyes. Muscular weakness, cramps, tingling - Liver controls the sinews. Not enough nourishment and moistening. Dizziness, pale lips, dull pale complexion - all signs of Blood deficiency. Brittle nails - Liver manifests in the nails. Scanty periods or amenorrhea - Liver-Blood is closely related to the Ren Mai and Chong Mai vessels. Insomnia or dream-disturbed sleep - The liver houses the Ethereal soul (Hun). Liver-Blood in particular anchors the Hun at night Depressed, aimless - not enough coming and going of the Hun. Dampness and Phlegm are much more pervasive. Therefore, although a thin tongue indicates Blood-deficiency the patient may have a swollen tongue and still be Blood-deficient.

Answer 24

Kidney-deficiency - The Kidneys play a role in the formation of Blood.

Answer 25

Heart-Blood deficiency - especially when subject to emotional distress. Kidney-Deficiency - As blood plays a role in the production of essence. The Liver and Kidneys share a close physiological relationship and will effect each other vice-versa. Liver-Qi stagnation with pre-menstrual depression rather than irritability. Liver-Yang rising - leading to headaches.

Answer 26

Tonify the Liver Nourish Blood

Answer 27

Dizziness Numbness or tingling of the limbs Insomnia Blurred vision, floaters, dry eyes, diminished night vision. Scanty menstruation or amenorrhea Dull-pale complexion without lustre but with red cheekbones Muscular weakness Cramps withered and brittle nails Very dry hair and skin Depression A feeling of aimlessness Tongue: Normal-coloured without coating or with rootless coating. Empty Heat - Malar Flush, anxiety, a feeling of Heat on the evening, night sweating, five-palm heat, thirst with desire to drink in small sips, heavy menstrual bleeding - Tongue: red with no coating.

Answer 28

The aetiology for Liver-Yin deficiency is exactly the same as for Liver-Blood deficiency: Diet - lacking in nourishment or lacking in Blood-forming foods (meat and grains) can weaken the Spleen, which in turn cannot make enough Blood. In turn not enough Blood stored by the Liver. Emotional stress - sadness and grief can deplete Liver-Blood directly. Emotional stress may also lead to Blood-deficiency by initially depleting Qi, which fails to make enough Blood. Excessive physical exercise - injures the Yang of the Spleen and Kidneys. Food-Qi of the Spleen is the precursor of Blood and the Kidneys are the origin of Tian Gui which makes menstrual blood. Excessive also injures the sinews and therefore the Liver in the long run. Blood Loss

Answer 29

Tongue: Normal-coloured without coating or with rootless coating.

Answer 30

The same signs and symptoms as Liver-Blood deficiency, distinguished by: Dry eyes Red cheekbones Tongue without coating.

Answer 31

Liver-Blood deficiency - nearly always a precursor of Liver-Yin deficiency. Kidney-Yin deficiency - also facilitates the development of Liver-Yin deficiency from Liver-Blood deficiency.

Answer 32

Kidney-Yin deficiency - vice versa Liver-Yang Rising Heart-Yin deficiency

Answer 33

Tonify the Liver Nourish Yin Clear Empty Heat - if necessary

Answer 34

LIV8, ST23, SP6, REN4 - Nourish Liver-Blood KID3, KID6 - Nourish Kidney and Liver Yin LIV2 - with reducing method if there is Empty-Heat

Answer 35

*Headache (may be on the temples, eyes or lateral side of the head) Usually Unilateral. Dizziness Tinnitus Deafness Blurred vision Dry mouth and throat Insomnia *Irritability, feeling worked up, propensity to outbursts of anger Stiff neck. Tongue: varies widely depending on underlying origin: Liver-Blood deficiency: Pale Liver-Yin deficiency - no coating Rebellious Liver-Qi - Normal or slightly red on the sides. Pulse - EP: Tight (more on Left) LMP: Tight-Wiry, Robust Pounding more with greater excess. Possibly Empty.

Answer 36

Emotional Stress - Most common cause. In particular anger, frustration, resentment over a long period of time. Anger makes Qi rise and this causes Liver-Qi to have excessive movement upwards. Diet - Eating in a hurry, getting angry at meal times and eating while working may all cause Liver-Qi to rise.

Answer 37

Tongue: varies widely depending on underlying origin: Liver-Blood deficiency: Pale Liver-Yin deficiency - no coating Rebellious Liver-Qi - Normal or slightly red on the sides.

Answer 38

Pulse - EP: Tight (more on Left) LMP: Tight-Wiry, Robust Pounding more with greater excess. Possibly Empty.

Answer 39

Mixed Deficiency/Excess pattern as it derives from deficiency of Liver-Yin and/or Kidney Yin or Liver-Blood causing the rising of Liver-Yang. If the origin is Kidney-Yin deficiency can be seen as Water failing to Nourish and 'submerge' Wood which becomes dry from a 5-element perspective. This pattern is an imbalance between Yin and Yang with excessive Rising of Qi. The Heat signs of Liver-Fire Blazing (purely excess pattern) are not present. Tinnitus, deafness, angry outbursts, headache - Qi rising to the head. Liver-Yang Rising is the most common cause of chronic headaches.

Answer 40

Always derives from another condition: Liver-Yin deficiency Kidney-Yin deficiency Liver and Kidney-Yin deficiency Liver-Blood deficiency Kidney-Yang deficiency (deficiency of Kidney yin or Yang always imply deficiency of the other as Yin and Yang are from the same root).

Answer 41

Liver-Fire - may eventually develop into Fire especially if the diet consists of excessive hot energy foods. Liver-Wind - especially in the elderly.

Answer 42

Subdue Liver-Yang Nourish Yin or Blood

Answer 43

LIV3 - subdues Liver Yang SJ5 - Subdues Liver-Yang and is especially indicated for headaches along the Gall Bladder channel. P6 - helps to subdue Liver-Yang and calm the Mind LI4 - Regulates the ascending and descending of Qi and therefore helps to subdue Liver-Yang GB43 -Main distal point for headaches around the eye or temple GB38 - distal point to subdue Liver-Yang often used for chronic or stubborn migraine headaches GB20 - an important adjacent point to subdue Liver-Yang BL2, Taiyang, GB9, GB8, GB6 - important local points for headaches from Liver-Yang Rising, chosen according to the location of the headache. SP6, LIV8, ST36 - nourish Liver-Blood and Liver-Yin KID3 and KID6 - used if there is Kidney deficiency.

Answer 44

High Temperature Convulsions Rigidity of the neck Tremor of the limbs Opishotonos Coma (severe cases) Tongue: Deep-Red, Stiff, yellow coating EP: Tense, Robust Pounding, Rapid LMP: Tight-Wiry, possibly floating

Answer 45

Invasion of exterior Wind-Heat transforming into internal Heat. When Heat reaches the Blood level it may transform into Internal-Wind.

Answer 46

When Heat reaches the Blood level in febrile diseases it injures Yin and the Yin deficiency gives rise to Internal-Wind

Answer 47

Cool Blood Nourish Yin Extinguish Wind

Answer 48

LIV3 - Extinguishes Liver-Wind The Shixuan points at the tips of each finger extinguish Wind and Cool Blood when they are pricked to Bleed. DU20, DU16, GB20 -Extinguish Wind DU8 - Relieves spasms to stop convulsions DU14 is pricked to cool Blood.

Answer 49

EP: Tense, Robust Pounding, Rapid LMP: Tight-Wiry, possibly floating

Answer 50

Deep-Red, stiff, yellow coating

Answer 51

Facial Tic Severe dizziness Tinnitus Headache Hypertension Dry throat Dry eyes Blurred vision Numbness or Tingling of the Limbs Poor Memory Deriving from Liver and Kidney-Yin deficiency: also: Backache, scanty urination, night sweating. Deriving from Liver-Blood deficiency also: Insomnia Pulse: Full overflowing wave, possibly ropy, Robust pounding and Tight-wiry esp. in LMP, which may also be floating and Wiry. Tongue: Normal colour, without coating. (if deriving from Liver-Blood deficiency: Pale and thin)

Answer 52

Pulse: Full overflowing wave, possibly ropy, Robust pounding and Tight-wiry esp. in LMP, which may also be floating and Wiry.

Answer 53

Tongue: Normal colour, without coating. (if deriving from Liver-Blood deficiency: Pale and thin)

Answer 54

Liver-Yang rising derived from: Liver-Yin deficiency Liver and Kidney-Yin deficiency Liver-Blood deficiency

Answer 55

Derived from: Liver-Yin deficiency - Subdue Liver-Yang, Extinguish Wind, Nourish Liver-Yin Liver and Kidney-Yin deficiency: Subdue Liver-Yang, Extinguish Wind, Nourish Liver and Kidney-Yin Liver-Blood deficiency: Subdue Liver-Yang, Extinguish Wind, Nourish Liver-Blood

Answer 56

LIV3 - Subdues Liver-Yang and extinguishes Wind GB20 - Subdues Yang and extinguishes Wind LI4 - Helps to subdue Yang SJ5 - Subdues Liver-Yang DU19 - extinguishes Wind SP6, LIV8, KID3 - Nourish Liver-Yin Derived from: Liver and Kidney-Yin deficiency: also KID6, REN4 - Nourish Kidney-Yin Liver-Blood deficiency: BL17, REN4 - Nourish Blood

Answer 57

Facial Tic Dizziness Blurred Vision Numbness or Tingling of Limbs Poor Memory Insomnia Scanty periods Tongue: Pale and Thin Pulse: Tight and Thin, especially in LMP, which may also be Floating and Wiry.

Answer 58

Pale and Thin

Answer 59

Pulse: Tight and Thin, especially in LMP, which may also be Floating and Wiry.

Answer 60

The same as for LIver-Blood deficiency: Diet - lacking in nourishment or lacking in Blood-forming foods (meat and grains) can weaken the Spleen, which in turn cannot make enough Blood. In turn not enough Blood stored by the Liver. Emotional stress - sadness and grief can deplete Liver-Blood directly. Emotional stress may also lead to Blood-deficiency by initially depleting Qi, which fails to make enough Blood. Excessive physical exercise - injures the Yang of the Spleen and Kidneys. Food-Qi of the Spleen is the precursor of Blood and the Kidneys are the origin of Tian Gui which makes menstrual blood. Excessive also injures the sinews and therefore the Liver in the long run. Blood Loss

Answer 61

The place normally occupied by Blood in the Vessels is 'taken up' by Wind leading to the development of internal Wind.

Answer 62

Nourish Liver-Blood Extinguish Wind

Answer 63

LIV3 - extinguishes Wind GB20 - extinguishes Wind LI4 - Helps to subdue Yang and therefore extinguish Wind SJ5 - Subdues Liver-Yang DU19 - extinguishes Wind SP6, LIV8, KID3 - Nourish Liver-Blood REN4, BL17 - Nourish Blood

Answer 64

Tremor Irritability Propensity to outbursts of anger Tinnitus and/or deafness (with sudden onset) Temporal headache Dizziness Red face and eyes Thirst Bitter taste Dream-disturbed sleep Constipation with dry stools Dark yellow urine Epistaxis Coughing or vomiting Blood. Nosebleed Tongue: Red with redder sides, dry yellow coating

Answer 65

Liver-Fire may generate Wind when it persists for some years. This is more likely to occur in the elderly. The pattern is compared to a forest fire that fans winds. This is a Full-Heat pattern.

Answer 66

Clear the Liver Drain Fire Extinguish Wind

Answer 67

LIV1 - Extinguishes Liver-Wind LIV2 - Drains Liver-Fire LIV3 - extinguishes Liver-Wind GB20 - extinguishes Wind LI11 - Drains Fire GB1 - Extinguishes Liver-Wind SP6 - Nourish Yin to help drain Fire DU8 - Relieves spasms and Tremors

Answer 68

Irritability *Abdominal distension and pain *Alternation of constipation and diarrhoea - stools sometimes dry and bitty and sometimes loose. Flatulence Tiredness Invading Stomach: A feeling of oppression in the epigastrium Sour regurgitation Hiccups Belching Nausea Vomiting Sighing Weak Limbs Tongue: Normal coloured or Slightly red on sides Pulse: EP: Tense or Yielding/Diminished/Absent at Qi Depth if Qi-deficient. RMP: Diminished, Absent or Thinner, Reduced Pounding, possibly tense/tight at Qi depth and Diminished below. LMP: Tense or Tense-Tight, Robust Pounding, Flooding Excess Wave.

Answer 69

Tongue: Normal coloured or Slightly red on sides

Answer 70

Emotional Stress - usually caused by emotional problems that affect the Liver, such as Anger, Frustration and resentment. Over a long period these emotions cause the Qi to stagnate and this interferes with the Spleen functions preventing Spleen-Qi from rising. Diet - Irregular eating and especially eating in a Hurry when worried, angry or working can cause Liver-Qi to rebel upwards towards the Spleen and the Spleen's function of Transporting and Transforming to be impaired.

Answer 71

The Liver is responsible for the smooth flow of Qi. Liver-Qi rebelling upwards towards the Spleen impairs the Spleen's function of Transporting and Transforming and prevents Spleen-Qi from rising and Stomach-Qi from ascending. Wood over-acting on Earth. Mixed pattern - Excess of Liver, Deficiency of Spleen. Distension/bloating - Liver-Qi stagnation

Answer 72

Liver-Qi stagnation

Answer 73

Spleen-Qi and Spleen-Yin deficiency - Rebellious Liver-Qi can weaken the Spleen over time. Stomach-Yin deficiency Dampness - Tranformation and Transportation functions of the Spleen impaired.

Answer 74

Subdue rebellious Qi Tonfiy the Stomach and Spleen

Answer 75

LIV13 - Harmonizes the Liver and Spleen LIV14 - Harmonizes the Liver and promotes the Smooth Flow of Liver-Qi LIV3 - Promotes the smooth flow of Liver-Qi and calms abdominal pain. GB34 - Promotes the smooth flow of Liver-Qi. In combination with REN6 calms abdominal pain. SJ6 and PC6 - Mover Liver-Qi and calm the Shen ST25, SP15 - Harmonise the Liver and Spleen and treat both constipation and loose stools. REN12, ST36, SP6 - Tonify the Spleen. SP6 also harmonizes the LIver and Spleen and stops abdominal pain. SP4 and PC6 in combination open the Penetrating vessel (Chong Mai) and harmonise the Liver and Spleen. Invading Stomach: REN13 - Subdues rebellious ascending Stomach-Qi REN10 Stimulates the ascending of Stomach Qi BL21 - Tonifies the Stomach.

Liver Patterns Flashcards

(99 cards)