Living Connections

Question 1

Molecule

Answer 1

two or more atoms joined (bonded) together, forming a small particle

Question 2

Organelle

Answer 2

small structure in a cell with a special function

Question 3

Cells

Answer 3

the smallest unit of life. Cells are the building blocks of living things.

Question 4

System

Answer 4

group of organs working together

Question 5

Cellular respiration

Answer 5

the chemical reaction involving oxygen that moves the energy in glucose into the compound ATP

Question 6

Respiratory system

Answer 6

is responsible for getting oxygen into your body and carbon dioxide out. This occurs when you inhale (breathe in) and exhale (breathe out

Question 7

Circulatory system

Answer 7

is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to your body’s cells, and wastes such as carbon dioxide away from them

Question 8

Blood

Answer 8

the red liquid that circulates around the body.

Question 9

Blood vessels

Answer 9

the veins, arteries and capillaries through which the blood flows around the body

Question 10

Heart

Answer 10

a muscular organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system so that oxygen and nutrients can be transported

Question 11

Arteries

Answer 11

hollow tubes (vessels) with thick walls carrying blood pumped from the heart to other body parts

Question 12

Capillaries

Answer 12

minute tubes carrying blood to body cells. Every cell of the body is supplied with blood through capillaries.

Question 13

Veins

Answer 13

blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart.

Question 14

Digestive system

Answer 14

a complex series of organs and glands that processes food to supply the body with the nutrients it needs to function effectively

Question 15

Excretory system

Answer 15

the body system that removes waste substances from the body

Question 16

Musculoskeletal system

Answer 16

consists of the skeletal system (bones and joints) and the skeletal muscle system (voluntary or striated muscle).

Question 17

Reproductive system

Answer 17

the body system involving the reproductive organs, which differ between males and females

Question 18

Nervous system

Answer 18

the system of nerves and nerve centres in an animal in which messages are sent

Question 19

Erythrocytes

Answer 19

Red blood cells

Question 19

Leucocytes

Answer 19

white blood cells

Question 20

Plasma

Answer 20

the yellowish, liquid part of blood that contains water, minerals, food and wastes from cells

Question 21

Red. Blood cells

Answer 21

living cells in the blood that transport oxygen to all other living cells in the body

Question 22

Haemoglobin

Answer 22

the red pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygenated

Question 23

Oxyhaemoglobin

Answer 23

haemoglobin with oxygen molecules attached

Question 24

White blood cell s

Answer 24

living cells that fight bacteria and viruses as part of the human body’s immune system

Question 25

Platelets

Answer 25

small bodies involved in blood clotting. They are responsible for healing by clumping together around a wound.

Question 26

Oxygenated blood

Answer 26

a gas in the air (and water) that animals need to breathe in; made up of particles with two oxygen atoms

Question 27

Deoxygenated blood

Answer 27

describes blood from which some oxygen has been removed

Question 28

Left atrium

Answer 28

upper right section of the heart where deoxygenated blood from the body enters

Question 29

Right atrium

Answer 29

upper right section of the heart where deoxygenated blood from the body enters

Question 30

Left ventricle

Answer 30

lower left section of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood to all parts of the body

Question 31

Right ventricle

Answer 31

lower right section of the heart, which pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 32

Lub dub

Answer 32

the sound made by the heart valves as they close

Question 33

Valve s

Answer 33

flap-like folds in the lining of a blood vessel or other hollow organ that allow a liquid, such as blood, to flow in one direction only

Question 34

Blood pressure

Answer 34

measures how strongly the blood is pumped through the body’s main arteries

Question 35

Diastolic pressure

Answer 35

the lower blood pressure reading during relaxation of the heart muscles

Question 36

Systolic pressure

Answer 36

the higher blood pressure reading during contraction of the heart muscles

Question 37

Heart beat

Answer 37

contraction of the heart muscle occurring about 60–100 times per minute

Question 38

Pulse

Answer 38

alternating contraction and expansion of arteries due to the pumping of blood by the heart

Question 39

Pace maker

Answer 39

Electronic device inserted in the chest to keep the heart beating regularly at the correct rate

Question 40

Cardiac muscle

Answer 40

special kind of muscle in the heart that never tires. It is involved in pumping blood through the heart.

Question 41

Electrocardiogram

Answer 41

graph made using the tiny electrical impulses generated in the heart muscle, giving information about the health of the heart

Question 42

Oxygen

Answer 42

a gas in the air (and water) that animals need to breathe in; made up of particles with two oxygen atoms

Question 43

Carbon dioxide

Answer 43

a gas in the air produced by respiration and used by plants as part of photosynthesis.

Question 44

Epiglottis

Answer 44

leaf-like flap of cartilage behind the tongue that closes the air passage during swallowing

Question 45

Digestion

Answer 45

breakdown of food into a form that can be used by an animal. It includes both mechanical digestion and chemical digestion.

Question 46

Mechanical digestion

Answer 46

digestion that uses physical factors such as chewing with the teeth

Question 47

Chemical digestion

Answer 47

the chemical reactions changing food into simpler substances that are absorbed into the bloodstream for use in other parts of the body