living with the physical environment (definitions) Flashcards
(49 cards)
natural hazard
natural process which could cause death, injury or disruption to humans or destroy property and possessions
natural disaster
natural hazard that has actually happened (Tsunami of 2011)
geological hazard
caused by land and tectonic processes (volcanoes, landslides, earthquakes)
meteorological hazard
caused by weather and climate (tropical storms, heatwaves, cold spells)
vulnerability
more people in an area exposed to natural hazards, greater the probability they will be affected by natural hazards
capacity to cope
better a population can cope with extreme event, lower risk of them being severely affected
frequency
natural hazards that occur more often may carry a higher risk
magnitude
more severe natural hazards tend to have the greatest effects.
primary effects
immediate impacts caused by the natural hazard
secondary effects
happen later on, a result of primary effects.
immediate response
response in the days and weeks immediately after a disaster has happened
(involve search and rescue and helping the injured)
long-term responses
consist of rebuilding and repairing damaged and destroyed objects over a few months or years (buildings, roads, communications connections)
destructive margins
tension builds when two plates move towards each other. oceanic plate is sub ducted under continental plate into mantle and destroyed. creates gas magma. volcanoes occur.
constructive margins
tension builds when two plates moving away from each other. magma rises from mantle to fill gap, cools and creates new crust
conservative margins
tension builds when two plates moving sideways past each other or moving in same direction but at different speeds. crust isn’t destroyed or created
pyroclastic flows
superheated currents of gas, ash and rock
global atmospheric circulation
transfer of heat from equator to the poles by movement of air
tropical storms
low pressure weather systems with intense rain and winds
carbon capture
designed to reduce emissions and capture CO2 and transport it to be stored deep underground
managing water supply
dry areas are getting drier, more water shortages.
water meters installed in homes to stop huge amounts of water being used
rainwater can be recycled
coping with rising sea levels
have better flood warning systems like flood barriers
producer
uses sunlight energy to produce food (grass)
consumer
gets energy by eating other organisms (rabbit)
decomposer
organisms that gets energy by breaking down dead material (animal remains, fallen leaves)
