Living World Flashcards
What pipeline runs across Alaska to deliver oil from the North to the South of Alaska?
Trans-Alaskan pipeline.
How much does the fishing industry earn for Alaska annually?
US$6 billion.
Ow many jobs does the fishing industry provide for in Alaska?
78,500
What proportion of the Alaskan communities power do hydroelectric power plants supply?
1
—
5
Gas and oil developments in Alaska provide over ________ jobs.
100,000
What are 2 examples of plants that have adapted to conditions in cold environments?
Lichen and the Arctic Poppy.
How has lichen adapted to living in cold environments?
Doesn’t need soil to grow so is able to grow under snow which then protects it.
How has the Arctic Poppy adapted to living in a cold environment?
It has a hairy stem to retain heat and is able to track the sun to allow it to increase the amount it photosynthesises.
What is the active layer?
Upper layer of soil in tundra environments that thaws for 1 or 2 months during thermal growing season. However ice below blocks the melted water and creates waterlogged soil.
What is thermal growing season?
A period of time in cold environments that lasts 6 - 10 weeks. This is a short cold summer where the sun shines 24hrs a day.
Where are cold environments located?
In higher latitudes because they have long durations of no sunlight.
What are some challenges of living in Alaska?
Solifluction - When the top layer of ice slides downhill due to the rising summer temperatures.
Thermokarst - Uneven ground caused by the constant freezing and up freezing of the ground making it hard to grow crops.
Extremely low temperatures making it hard to grow crops.
Seasonal jobs.
What are the layers of the rainforest starting from the bottom?
Shrub, Under Canopy, Canopy, Emergent.
What are 3 causes of deforestation?
Road building, Logging, Farming
What are 3 ways of managing wilderness environments?
International Agreement.
National Governments.
Non-governmental organisations.
