Living World NCERT

Question 1

_____ was Harvard University ________ biologist who called as ‘The Darwin of the 20th
century’, was one of the 100 greatest
scientists of all time.

Answer 1

Ernst Mayr; evolutionary

Question 2

Ernst Mayr was born at ________, (Germany/England).

Answer 2

Kempton, Germany

Question 3

Ernst Mayr assumed the title of

Answer 3

He assumed the title of “Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology Emeritus”.

Question 4

Ernst Mayr is known for

Answer 4

Mayr is awarded as the triple crown of biology:
1) Balzan Prize in 1983,
2) International Prize for Biology in 1994,
3) Crafoord Prize in 1999

Question 5

What is the purpose of life?

Answer 5

This has a philosophical answer. As scientists, we will try to reflect on – what is living?

Question 6

The twin characteristics of growth are increase in ______ and increase in ______.

Answer 6

mass; number of individuals

Question 7

Cell division occurs in which _______ (plant/animal) up to which age.

Answer 7

Occurs in both 1. Plants - throughout their lifespan
2. Animals (unicellular/multicellular) - up to a certain age

Question 8

____ occurs in certain tissues to replace lost cells.

Answer 8

Cell division

Question 9

We can easily observe unicellular organisms’ growth in which culture?

Answer 9

In-vitro culture

Question 10

In majority of higher animals and plants, _____ and ____ are mutually exclusive events.

Answer 10

growth; reproduction

Question 11

Three examples of non-living things which exhibit growth by accumulation of material on the surface are

Answer 11

Mountains,boulders and sand mounds

Question 12

Living organisms grow ____ (intrinsically/extrinsically)

Answer 12

Intrinsically

Question 13

Dead organism also grows. (T/F)

Answer 13

False,
Dead organisms does not grow.

Question 14

Growth is a defining property of living organism.
(T/F)

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Growth and Reproduction are characteristic of all living organism.
(T/F)

Answer 15

True

Question 16

____ and ____ refers to Sexual reproduction.

Answer 16

Invariably; Implicitly

Question 17

Fungi produce millions of ________ to multiply and spread easily.

Answer 17

asexual spores

Question 18

What type of asexual reproduction occurs in yeast and hydra?

Answer 18

budding

Question 19

Which organism shows true regeneration?

Answer 19

Planaria (flatworms)

Question 20

Name three organisms which easily multiply by fragmentation

Answer 20

The fungi, the filamentous algae, and the protonema of mosses

Question 21

In which organisms reproduction is synonymous with growth, i.e. increase in number of cells?

Answer 21

In unicellular organisms like bacteria, unicellular algae or Amoeba

Question 22

We are not very clear about the usage of 2 terms in unicellular organisms:-

Answer 22

Growth and reproduction

Question 23

Name three living organisms which do not reproduce.

Answer 23

Mules, sterile worker bees and infertile human couples

Question 24

Reproduction is all-inclusive defining characteristics of living organisms.
(T/F)

Answer 24

False

Question 25

Non-living objects are capable of reproduction or replicating by itself. (T/F)

Answer 25

False,

Question 26

All the living organisms are made up of ____ which belongs to of various classes, sizes, functions, etc.

Answer 26

Chemicals

Question 27

____ are constantly made and changed into some other biomolecules in all living organism.

Answer 27

Chemicals

Question 28

There are thousands of ____ reactions occurring simultaneously inside all living organisms.

Answer 28

Chemical/metabolic reactions

Question 29

Who exhibit metabolism?

Answer 29

All plants, animals, fungi and microbes exhibit metabolism.

Question 30

Sun total of all the chemical reaction occurring in our body is ____

Answer 30

Metabolism

Question 31

Non-living object exhibits metabolism (T/F)

Answer 31

False

Question 32

Metabolic reactions can be demonstrated outside the body in ____ systems.

Answer 32

Cell-free systems

Question 33

Isolated metabolic reactions outside the body, in a test tube is living or non-living?

Answer 33

Neither living nor non-living

Question 34

Which reactions are not living things but surely living reactions?

Answer 34

Isolated metabolic reaction in-vitro

Question 35

Metabolism is a defining feature of all living organisms ____ (with/without) exception.

Answer 35

Without any exception

Question 36

Cellular organization of body is not a defining feature of life forms. (T/F)

Answer 36

False

Question 37

Most complicated feature of all living organism is ability to ______

Answer 37

sense their environment and respond to it through sense organ

Question 38

Plant responds to external factors like _____

Answer 38

Like light, water, temperature, other organism, pollutants, etc.

Question 39

Which process affects reproduction in seasonal breeders, both plants and animals?

Answer 39

Photoperiod

Question 40

What is the range of the number of species that are known and described?

Answer 40

1.7 to 1.8 million

Question 41

The number and types of organisms present on earth refers to

Answer 41

Biodiversity

Question 42

What is the process of standardizing the naming of living organisms such that a particular organism is known by the same name all over the world called?

Answer 42

Nomenclature

Question 43

Nomenclature or naming is only possible when the organism is described correctly and we know to what organism the name is attached. This is _____.

Answer 43

Identification

Question 44

The scientific names of plants are based on agreed principles and criteria, which are provided in _________________________

Answer 44

International Code for Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN)

Question 45

The scientific names of animals are based on agreed principles and criteria, which are provided in ______________________

Answer 45

International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN)

Question 46

Scientific name has two components, namely -

Answer 46

The generic name and The specific epithet

Question 47

The system of providing a name with two components is called

Answer 47

Binomial nomenclature

Question 48

Binomial nomenclature naming system was given by

Answer 48

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 49

The scientific name of mango is

Answer 49

Mangifera indica

Question 50

In the scientific name of mango, Mangifera and indica represents ___ and ___ respectively.

Answer 50

Genus & specific epithet

Question 51

Mangifera indica was first described by

Answer 51

Linnaeus

Question 52

The process by which anything is grouped into convenient categories based on some easily observable characters is called

Answer 52

classification

Question 53

The process of classifying all living organisms into different taxa is called

Answer 53

taxonomy

Question 54

External and internal structure, along with the structure of cell, development process, and ecological information of organisms, are essential and form the basis of ______________

Answer 54

Modern taxonomic studies

Question 55

The branch of study of knowing more about different kinds of organisms and their diversities, but also the relationships among them was referred to as

Answer 55

systematics

Question 56

The word systematics is derived from the Latin word-

Answer 56

Systema

Question 57

What is the title of the publication of Linnaeus?

Answer 57

Systema Naturae

Question 58

The category which is a part of overall taxonomic arrangement, it is called

Answer 58

Taxonomic category

Question 59

All taxonomic categories together constitute the _______________

Answer 59

Taxonomic hierarchy

Question 60

Each category represents a rank and is commonly termed as

Answer 60

Taxon

Question 61

Each ____ is the unit of classification.

Answer 61

Category/Rank/taxon

Question 62

Taxonomic studies consider a group of individual organisms with fundamental similarities as a __________

Answer 62

species

Question 63

One should be able to distinguish one species from the other closely related species based on the ______________________

Answer 63

distinct morphological differences

Question 64

The scientific name of potato is

Answer 64

Solanum tuberosum

Question 65

The scientific name of lion is

Answer 65

Panthera leo

Question 66

Solanum includes species like

Answer 66

nigrum and melongena

Question 67

The scientific name of human being is

Answer 67

Homo sapiens

Question 68

A group of related species which has more characters in common in comparison to species of other genera-

Answer 68

Genus

Question 69

Potato and brinjal both belong to the genus

Answer 69

Solanum

Question 70

The scientific name of leopard is

Answer 70

Panthera pardus

Question 71

The scientific name of tiger is

Answer 71

Panthera tigris

Question 72

Genus which includes cats is

Answer 72

Felis

Question 73

A group of related genera with less number of similarities as compared to genus and species-

Answer 73

Family

Question 74

Three different genera Solanum, Petunia and Datura are placed in the family-

Answer 74

Solanaceae

Question 75

Genus Panthera is put along with genus Felis (cats) in the family-

Answer 75

Felidae

Question 76

A dog is placed in the family called

Answer 76

Canidae

Question 77

A category which is the assemblage of families and exhibit a few similar characters is

Answer 77

Order

Question 78

Plant families like Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae are included in the order

Answer 78

Polymoniales

Question 79

Animal families like Felidae, Canidae are included in the order

Answer 79

Carnivora

Question 80

Order of monkey, gorilla and gibbon -

Answer 80

Primata

Question 81

Order Primata along with order Carnivora is placed under class -

Answer 81

Mammalia

Question 82

In case of animals, classes with a few similar characters are assigned to a higher category called

Answer 82

Phylum

Question 83

In case of plants, classes with a few similar characters are assigned to a higher category called

Answer 83

Division

Question 84

All animals belonging to various phyla are assigned to the highest category called

Answer 84

Kingdom Animalia

Question 85

The scientific name of Housefly is

Answer 85

Musca domestica

Question 86

The scientific name of Wheat is

Answer 86

Triticum aestivum

Question 87

Mention the Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum of man-

Answer 87

Homo, Hominidae, Primata, Mammalia,Chordata

Question 88

Mention the Genus, Family, Order, Class, Division of Mango-

Answer 88

Mangifera, Anacardiaceae, Sapindales, Dicotyledonae, Angiospermae

Question 89

Mention the Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum of Housefly -

Answer 89

Musca, Muscidae, Diptera, Insecta, Arthropoda

Question 90

Mention the Genus, Family, Order, Class, Division of Wheat -

Answer 90

Triticum, Poaceae, Poales, Monocotyledonae, Angiospermae

Question 91

A store house of collected plant specimens that are dried, pressed and preserved on sheets called

Answer 91

Herbarium

Question 92

Which sheet carries a label providing information about date and place of collection, English, local and botanical names, family, collector’s name, etc?

Answer 92

herbarium sheets

Question 93

What serve as quick referral systems in taxonomical studies?

Answer 93

Herbaria

Question 94

Name three places where the famous botanical gardens are present-

Answer 94

Kew (England), Indian Botanical Garden, Howrah (India) and at National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow (India)-

Question 95

The place which have collections of preserved plant and animal specimens for study and reference -

Answer 95

Museums

Question 96

The places where wild animals are kept in protected environments under human care and which enable us to learn about their food habits and behavior -

Answer 96

Zoological Parks

Question 97

Name the taxonomical aid used for identification of plants and animals based on the similarities and dissimilarities -

Answer 97

Key

Question 98

The keys are based on the contrasting characters generally in a pair called

Answer 98

Couplet

Question 99

Each statement in the key is called

Answer 99

Lead

Question 100

What provide the index to the plant species found in a particular area?

Answer 100

Flora

Question 101

What is useful in providing information for identification of names of species found in an area?

Answer 101

Manuals

Question 102

____________ contain information on any one taxon.

Answer 102

Monographs

Question 103

Sequence from Species to kingdom is:-

Answer 103

Kingdom Phylum Division Class Order Family Genus Species