Lizzy- Golden Era Of Her Reign

Question 1

What was good for people during Elizabeth’s reign?

Answer 1

Music and dancing
Bear baiting/ Theatre
Housing had brick and glass windows
National pride due to Armada victory
Schooling for people who weren’t rich

Question 2

What was bad for people during Elizabeth’s reign?

Answer 2

What was bad for people during Elizabeth’s reign?

Question 3

According to William Harrison’s book, what four categories were people split into during the Elizabethan Era?

Answer 3

Gentlemen (Nobles, lords, gentry)
Citizens (Merchants, lawyers, skilled craftsmen)
Yeomen (Farmers who owned their own land)
The fourth sort (labourers, servants, craftsmen like tailors and cobblers)

Question 4

What sort of entertainment did the lords and gentry enjoy when they weren’t working?

Answer 4

Tobacco
Fencing/ tennis
Deer, hawking (hunting)
Madrigals (musicians coming to perform in their houses)

Question 5

What sort of entertainment could people enjoy regardless of their class?

Answer 5

Gambling
Feast days
Archery and fishing
Hunting
Theatres
Music

Question 6

What kind of entertainment could the poor enjoy?

Answer 6

Inns and taverns
Wrestling, running, football
Hunting rabbit
Storytelling
Ballads

Question 7

How did theatre become so popular? What was people’s initial opinion of actors?

Answer 7

• though actors were threat to law and order
• supported legally and financially by wealthy people

Question 8

Name three famous Elizabethan theatres.

Answer 8

Theatre
Curtain
Rose

Question 9

How much did you have to pay for the theatre based on your class?

Answer 9

Groundlings: 1 penny
Covered stands: 2-3 pennies

Question 10

Name two famous Elizabethan actors

Answer 10

Richard Burbage
Edward Allen

Question 11

Name a famous Elizabethan playwright (NOT Shakespeare - he was after Elizabeth)

Answer 11

Christopher Marlowe - wrote the Jew of Malta, considered the first successful black comedy play

Question 12

Who didn’t go to the theatre? Why?

Answer 12

Puritans
‘work of the devil’

Question 13

What was Elizabeth’s opinion of the theatre?

Answer 13

She enjoyed it
Paid £3 for one group esp.

Question 14

What government official was introduced for theatre and entertainment?

Answer 14

Master of Revels

Question 15

What opportunities for better education abounded in this time period? (8)

Answer 15

• Yeomen became literate
• Available for all classes and ages
• School taught basic skills
• Scholarships
• Young children taught to read and write
• Grammar schools
• Public schools for ‘ruling class’
• lower classes taught by their masters

Question 16

Why did opportunities for better education not increase in this era?

Answer 16

• Unaffordable for the poor
• Mainly for wealthy boys
• Not free
• Boys&raquo_space; Girls
• Mostly upper class
• Nobles educated at home first

Question 17

Answer this as an exam style question:

Did opportunities for better education increase during Elizabeth’s reign?

Answer 17

Example answer:

Broadly speaking they did, since the introduction of public school increased opportunities for better education for all classes and ages
However, school was not free and unaffordable for the poor
Overall, opportunities did increase but they were more accessible to wealthy nobles

Question 18

What were the main reasons for poverty and vagabondage in the Elizabethan Era? (6)

Answer 18

• Bad harvest
• Enclosures
• Collapse of wool trade
• Increasing population
• Inflation
• The closure of monasteries

Question 19

Why did enclosures result in poverty and vagabondage?

Answer 19

• turn farmland into grazing pastures for sheep
• only need two or three ppl for sheep
• labourers lost jobs and became vagabonds

Question 20

Why did collapse of the wool market result in poverty and vagabondage?

Answer 20

• only important industry
• unpredictable
• provided work for tens of thousands of ppl (spinners, weavers, farmers)

Question 21

Why did an increasing population result in poverty and vagabondage?

Answer 21

• fewer jobs
• lots of vagabonds

Question 22

Why was there inflation in the first place?

Answer 22

Henry Viii debased the coin system and the value reduced :(

Question 23

Why did bad harvest result in poverty and vagabondage?

Answer 23

• food shortages
• price of food increased
• worst harvest of the century happened right before E came to throne
• less ppl could afford food

Question 24

Why did inflation result in poverty and vagabondage?

Question 25

Why did the closure of monasteries result in poverty and vagabondage?

Answer 25

- used to provide food and shelter for unemployed - less help for poor - lots of vagabonds

Question 26

Who was behind dissolution of monasteries?

Answer 26

surprise surprise its henry viii

Question 27

What did Elizabeth's government do to help the poor?

Answer 27

- Local Justices of Peace to raise 'poor rate' - pay for sick/ elderly - Poor Relief Act - Towns provide work for able bodied ppl

Question 28

What did Elizabeth's government do that did not help the poor?

Answer 28

- Severe punishments for vagabondage |-- whipped and burned through right ear - Deserving poor and idle poor - Houses of correction

Question 29

What were Elizabethan societies' attitude and policies toward the poor?

Answer 29

- Poor were lazy - Threatened social order - Thought that there were a lot more poor people than there actually were - Could not afford to help them - Increased threat of rebellion - Spread disease - Criminals

Question 30

Why did Elizabethans think that the poor were lazy?

Answer 30

- Puritans believed everyone should work hard - Beggars were a 'bad example' - 'idleness was a sin' - anyone who refused to work should be severely punished - most of Elizabeth's council were puritan

Question 31

Why did Elizabethans believe that the poor spread disease?

Answer 31

- many outbreaks of plague - died at an early age - believed that wandering groups of vagabonds spread disease

Question 32

Why could Elizabethans not afford to pay the poor?

Answer 32

- some landowners gave the poor money and food during hard times - Poor relief - increased population meant they couldn't afford to help everyone

Question 33

What were the two biggest empires at this time period?

Answer 33

Spain and Portugal South America/ North America 'New World' Spain absorbed Portugese empire

Question 34

What were the main reasons for an increase in overseas exploration? (7)

Answer 34

- Desire to spread protestantism - Expansion of trade - increased exp. in sailors - New tech for ships - Duty to 'civilise' other cultures - opportunity to make money - conflict with Spain

Question 35

Why did a conflict with Spain result in increased overseas exploitation?

Answer 35

- spain had gold and silver mines - increased fear of invasion - eng. sailors j plundered them

Question 36

What new technology resulted in increased overseas exploitation?

Answer 36

- development of astrolabe and magnetic compass - galleon and caravel developed (Portuguese) - triangular sails/ rapid fire guns - charts and books from earlier navigators

Question 37

Why did expansion of trade result in increased overseas exploitation?

Answer 37

- Antwerp wool market collapsed - trade established far away in India/ russia - illegal slaves sold to Spanish colonists

Question 38

Why did opportunities to make money result in increased overseas exploitation?

Answer 38

- Spanish ships 'cacafuego' pirated for quick profits - regular wage for sailors

Question 39

Why did a desire to spread Protestantism result in increased overseas exploitation?

Answer 39

- more protestant allies - hold back catholic enemies

Question 40

Why did new learning and knowledge result in increased overseas exploitation?

Answer 40

- renaissance encouraged thirst for knowledge - books urging sailors longer voyage - Drake and Raleigh were role models (brought back foreign shit like pineapples)

Question 41

Why did a duty to 'civilise' other cultures result in increased overseas exploitation?

Answer 41

- Elizabethans wanted to spread their advantages - Believed Native Americans could only benefit from 'civilisation'

Question 42

Why did the increased experience of sailors result in increased overseas exploitation?

Answer 42

- English seamen were well trained - Used to smuggling or piracy - Island so many seafaring communities

Question 43

What is latitude?

Answer 43

Horizontal lines measuring distance north or south of equator

Question 44

What is longitude?

Answer 44

Vertical lines measuring east to west Meridian in Greenwich

Question 45

What is an astrolabe?

Answer 45

Determine LATITUDE Angle between horizon and North Star

Question 46

Name a pirate whose adventures inspired others to explore?

Answer 46

Sir Francis Drake OR Sir Walter Raleigh

Question 47

What was the name of the Spanish treasure ship that Drake captured in 1579?

Answer 47

Caçafuego

Question 48

Which English trade had collapsed, leading to exploration for new markets to trade with?

Answer 48

ANTWERP WOOL MARKET

Question 49

The English traded slaves to the New World. True or False?

Answer 49

True

Question 50

Two new styles of ship were built in England (design stolen from the Portuguese). One was massive and the other was compact. What were they called?

Answer 50

Massive: Galleon Compact: Caravel

Question 51

What advantage did triangular sails have?

Answer 51

Easy to turn and control strong wings

Question 52

What feat did Drake accomplish in the years 1577-80?

Answer 52

Circumnavigated the world

Question 53

Name THREE key discoveries Drake made on his voyages.

Answer 53

any three: - discovered the Tierra del Fuego were islands not a continent - Sailed up North America - discovered Nova Albion (California) - discovered Java was an island not a continent - Discovered Spice Island/ East Indies (on map)

Question 54

What trade treaty did Drake establish?

Answer 54

King of Ternate for spices

Question 55

What treasures did Drake bring back to England? How?

Answer 55

- Attacked Spanish settlements in Peru - gold/ coins/ silver ingots - silk/ wine - Caçafuego - 80 pounds of gold on ship and 26 tons of silver - jewels and stones

Question 56

How did Drake increase England's status and power? (4)

Answer 56

- first man to circumnavigate the world - successfully challenged the Spanish Empire - Claimed new land for England - Queen's share of loot paid of national debt

Question 57

What two major voyages was Raleigh a part of? What years did they take place and where did they go?

Answer 57

1585 - North America 1587 - Virgina Both exp. were to find continents

Question 58

Describe Raleigh's first expedition

Answer 58

- Fort and settlement on Roanoke island - Relations with Native Americans got worse |--> took all good land and resources - led by Ralph Lane - Forced to abandon as they relied on the Natives for food

Question 59

Describe Raleigh's second expedition

Answer 59

- Led by John Witte - Forced to land due to hurricanes - Too late to plant seeds/ couldn't establish colony - The colonists disappeared