LL orthotics Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is the primary goal of Ankle-Foot Orthoses (AFOs)?
The primary goal of AFOs is to provide just enough support for stability in stance and ground clearance in swing, with minimal compromise to forward progression.
How does the oblique axis of rotation of the talocrural joint affect multiplanar ankle movements during dorsiflexion?
During dorsiflexion, the oblique axis causes forefoot pronation and abduction, and rearfoot eversion.
Besides controlling ankle movement, name two other functions of an AFO mentioned in the source material.
Other functions include reducing pain, improving balance and stability, improving gait, or correcting/preventing contractures/deformities. (Any two of the listed “Other Functions…” are acceptable).
What is the key difference between a Static AFO and a Dynamic AFO in terms of motion control?
Static AFOs prohibit motion in all planes, while Dynamic AFOs allow some motion, primarily in the sagittal plane.
What is the main purpose of a Ground Reaction AFO (GRAFO)?
A GRAFO is designed to control the knee and quadriceps weakness by creating an extensor moment at the knee during stance phase to stabilise it.
For what specific condition is a Posterior Leaf Spring AFO primarily used?
A Posterior Leaf Spring AFO is mainly used for foot drop to assist with ground clearance during swing phase and controlled lowering during the loading response.
Name two conditions where AFOs are commonly used according to the source material.
Conditions include foot drop, Cerebral palsy, Spina bifida, Poliomyelitis, Multiple sclerosis, Spinal cord injury, Muscular dystrophy, or Stroke. (Any two from the list are acceptable).
What are the three main categories of orthoses for the knee and hip discussed?
The categories are Knee Orthoses, Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthoses (KAFOs), Hip-Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthoses (HKAFOs), and Hip Orthoses.
When should a Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis (KAFO) typically be considered instead of an AFO or knee orthosis?
A KAFO should be considered when stability during stance cannot be effectively provided with an AFO or knee orthosis, such as with severe knee hyperextension or excessive varus/valgus angulation during weight bearing.
What is one major disadvantage of Hip-Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthoses (HKAFOs)?
Disadvantages include being heavy and cumbersome, difficult to don and doff independently, limited step length, or increased lumbar spine movements to compensate for lack of hip motion. (Any one disadvantage listed is acceptable).
