LO 6

Question 1

What is the purpose of finishing and polishing?

Answer 1

1. Improves esthetics, tissue health, and longevity of restoration
2. Removes excess material and smooths surfaces with minimal trauma to tissues (smooth surfaces resist accumulation of biofilm and better reflect light)
3. Removes marginal irregularities

Question 2

Why polish amalgum?

Answer 2

Restoration will have
1. normal tooth contours
2. Refined margins
3. Smooth, corrosion resistant surfaces
4. Functional effectiveness and acceptable appearance

Question 3

The process of finishing and polishing involves a series of abrasives on a surface to first _______, then ________, and finally ________

Answer 3

Contour; smooth; polish

Question 4

________ uses abrasives, mostly _______ instruments in high-speed handpieces to produce the final contour of a restoration

Answer 4

Finishing; rotary

Question 5

________ is the process of removing scratches from the surface of a restoration with a series of course to fine particles

Answer 5

Polishing

Question 6

What 3 things is the rate of abrasion determined by?

Answer 6

1. Size, irregularity, and hardness of particles
2. Number of particles contacting the surface
3. Pressure and speed at which they are applied

Question 7

The size, irregularity, and hardness of the abrasive particles determine the ______ and therefor the _______

Answer 7

1. Depth of the scratches
2. Amount of material being removed

Question 8

If the surface being abraded is harder than the abrasive, what happens?

Answer 8

Little to no effect

Question 9

Particles irregular in shape are ______ abrasive

Answer 9

More

Question 10

Pastes can be classified as ________

Answer 10

Coarse, medium, fine, etc.

Question 11

Increasing the speed and pressure will ______ the rate of abrasion

Answer 11

Increase

Question 12

Increased speed will make it _______ to control the handpiece and build up _______ in the tooth

Answer 12

Harder; heat

Question 13

What materials are used for finishing and polishing?

Answer 13

1. Diamond
2. Carbide
3. Sand
4. Pumice
5. Aluminium oxide
6. Tin oxide
7. Many others

Question 14

Amalgum cannot be polished until it has set for _____

Answer 14

24h

Question 15

When finishing amalgum, the dentist must evaluate _______ margins for excess material and remove if necessary

Answer 15

Cavosurface

Question 16

The first abrasive used to finish amalgum is called a _______

Answer 16

Brownie

Question 17

The polishing tool for amalgum is called a _______

Answer 17

Greenie

Question 18

Heat is generated in the process of polishing amalgum, so ________ is used

Answer 18

Water from air/water syringe

Question 19

For composite resin, initial finishing is done with multi fluted __________

Answer 19

Carbide and diamond burs

Question 20

For composite resin, intermediate finishing is done with ________

Answer 20

Discs, points, cups, and strips

Question 21

For composite resin, polishing is done with _______

Answer 21

Aluminium oxide polishing paste

Question 22

Gold and porcelain restorations are initially polished _______ and given a final polish ________

Answer 22

1. In the dental lab where they’re fabricated
2. After cementation in the dental office

Question 23

After polishing, cleaning is performed to __________

Answer 23

1. Remove biofilm, surface stains, and soft deposits
2. Does not produce surface scratches or wear
3. Mild abrasives and cleaning agents used

Question 24

What is prophy paste?

Answer 24

1. A mixture of abrasive materials and lubricants (50-60% abrasives)
2. 10-20x stronger than commercial toothpastes
3. Supplied in course to super fine grits
4. Used to remove deposits and stains
5. Least abrasive pasted should be selected and used with light pressure and low speed

Question 25

What should you consider before coronal polishing (cosmetic stain removal)?

Answer 25

1. All restorations must be identified beforehand 2. Selective polish is recommended - only where stains are present

Question 26

Describe Mohs hardness

Answer 26

Measure of hardness on 10 point scale where 1 is very soft and 10 is very hard

Question 27

Coronal polish is applied with ______

Answer 27

Latch-type or snap-on prophy cups

Question 28

The industry term for toothpaste is ________

Answer 28

Dentifrice

Question 29

Describe over the counter toothpaste

Answer 29

1. Mixture of abrasives (20-30%) 2. Colouring, flavouring, and therapeutic agents

Question 30

Using too abrasive a toothpaste and incorrect brushing technique can cause __________

Answer 30

Abrasion

Question 31

Describe air polishing

Answer 31

1. Combination of sodium bicarbonate mix, air, and water 2. Removes stain and soft deposits from enamel effectively 3. Less abrasive than prophy paste 4. Safe for orthodontically banded/bracket teeth

Question 32

What is the recommended psi for air polishing?

Answer 32

40-60psi

Question 33

What is air abrasion (microabrasion)?

Answer 33

1. Completed at higher psi than air polishing (40-160psi) 2. Uses an aluminum oxide powder (high on hardness scale)

Question 34

What is air abrasion used for?

Answer 34

1. To clean appliances before cementation 2. Intraoral repair of ceramic and composite restorations 3. Preparing tooth surface prior to bonding

Question 35

What are the infection control measure to keep in mind when finishing and polishing?

Answer 35

1. Aerosols are created making disease transmission possible 2. Materials like mercury vapour and silica pose a health risk 3. Proper PPE is required 4. Pre-procedural antimicrobial rinse can reduce microbial aerosols 5. Use high-volume evacuation instead of saliva ejector

Question 36

What should you aim to educate patients about in regards to restorations or cleaning?

Answer 36

1. Some restorations are susceptible to staining - composite and resin bonded ceramics 2. Exposed cementum and dentin are extremely susceptible to staining and abrasion 3. excessively abrasive home remedies DO NOT equal whiter teeth - dentin is yellow and the more it shows through thinning enamel, the yellower it looks