LO1: skeletal system

Question 1

Where are blood cells produced?

Answer 1

Long bones within bone marrow

Question 2

At a joint, what covers the ends of the bones and the appearance?

Answer 2

Hyaline/articular cartilage
Bluish,white and hard and smooth - reduces friction

Question 3

Bursa:

Answer 3

Fluid filled sacks - reduce friction
Between skins ligaments and bones

Question 4

Meniscus:

Answer 4

pads of tissue - absorb shock and reduce impact
Between cartilage and within synovial fluid

Question 5

What is the name of the core section of the skeleton:

Answer 5

Axial

Question 6

What makes up the axial skeleton:

Answer 6

Sternum
Cranium
Ribs
Vertebral column

Question 7

Sections of the vertebral column:

Answer 7

Come to Loughborough swimming club
C- ervical
T- horacic
L- umbar
S- aurum
C- occyx

Question 8

Condyloid:

Answer 8

At the wrist
Flexion, extension and circumduction

Question 9

What’s a sesamoid bone?

Answer 9

Function of movement
It’s within a tendon
Eg. Patella

Question 10

Functions of the skeleton:

Answer 10

Shape
Support
Protection
Movement
Blood cell production
Mineral storage

Question 11

What makes up the pelvic bone?

Answer 11

Illium
Iushim
Pubis

Question 12

Long bone functions:

Answer 12

Movement- length acts as ideal lever, for attachment
Blood cell production- within bone marrow

Question 13

Short bone functions:

Answer 13

Support- stability as they are as long as they are wide

Also acts as jigsaws between bones that facilitate movement bridging the gaps

Question 14

Flat bone functions:

Answer 14

Protection- large flat area to protect vital organs
Movement- muscle attachment

Question 15

Irregular bones function:

Answer 15

Protection- spinal cord the vertebral column
Movement- muscle attachment
Support- of the scaffold

Question 16

Sesamoid bone functions:

Answer 16

Movement- smooth surface for tendons to slide over increasing the force it transmits

Question 17

What’s the joint capsule?

Answer 17

Protective layer around the joint

Question 18

What type of joint is the cervical?

Answer 18

made of 7
C1 (atlas) and C2 (axis) are pivot
C3-7 are gliding

Question 19

What sections of the vertebral column are cartilaginous?

Answer 19

(12) thoracic
(5) lumbar

Question 20

What sections of the vertebral column are fixed?

Answer 20

(5) sacrum
(4) coccyx

Question 21

What are ligaments?

Answer 21

Connects bone to bone
Stabilise the joint

Question 22

What are the synovial joints:

Answer 22

Hinge
Ball and socket
Pivot
Saddle
Gliding
Condyloid
radioulnar

Question 23

Short term effects of exercise, skeletal?

Answer 23

P-
increased production of synovial fluid and range of movement

N-
Increase risk of joint injury from high impact

Question 24

Long term effects of exercise, LO1?

Answer 24

P-
increased bone density, ligament strength
Reduced chance of osteoporosis

N-
Stress fracture from repeativeness
Lower back pain from weight activity

Question 25

Order of bones in the hand?

Answer 25

Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges

Question 26

Order of bones in the foot?

Answer 26

Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges

Question 27

What are slightly movable joints called?

Answer 27

Cartilaginous

Question 28

Where is pivot joint found?

Answer 28

Neck- atlas and axis

Question 29

What's horizontal adduction also called?

Answer 29

Horizontal flexion

Question 30

What's horizontal abduction also called?

Answer 30

Horizontal extension

Question 31

What part of skeleton is the scapula?

Answer 31

Appendicular Shoulder blade at the back

Question 32

What part of the skeleton is the sternum?

Answer 32

Axial What connects the ribs

Question 33

Role of tendons?

Answer 33

Connects muscle to bone

Question 34

What are the two short bones?

Answer 34

Carpals Tarsals

Question 35

What bones form the ankle joint?

Answer 35

Talus Tibia Fibula

Question 36

Where are blood cells produced?

Answer 36

Bone marrow, within long bones

Question 37

What is the difference between fixed and fused?

Answer 37

Fused is when the bone is fully grown - eg your cranium that grows to accommodate your brain

Question 38

What are the functions of the vertebral column?

Answer 38

Protection: of the spinal cord Movement Shape and support: hold scaffold Mineral storage

Question 39

What is the scaffold?

Answer 39

The upper body

Question 40

What are vertebrae?

Answer 40

The bones within the vertebral column

Question 41

What is the singular of vertebrae?

Answer 41

Vertebra