local anesthetics continued drugs

Question 1

these two locals are in emla cream and used for?

Answer 1

lidocaine
prilocaine
topical admin

Question 2

Most to least cardiac toxic 4

Big
L
Really
Like

cake

Answer 2

bupivacaine
levobupivacaine
ropivacaine
lidocaine

related to lipophilicity

Question 3

this concertation of what drug highest risk for neurotoxicity

Answer 3

5% lidocaine

Question 4

More caution has to be taken in regards to neurotoxicity when doing these types of blocks (location/type)

Answer 4

neuraxial

Question 5

what type of local is metabolized to PABA

Answer 5

esters

Question 6

methemoglobinemia S/S

Answer 6

cyanosis
chocolate colored urine
headache

Question 7

What two drugs can cause methemoglobinemia

Answer 7

benzocaine

prilocaine

Question 8

least effective and most effective LA to use in inflamed tissue ?

Answer 8

bupivacaine least

mepivacaine most

Question 9

procaine/nonvaccine
short/long acting?
lipophilicity?
Toxicity is?

Answer 9

short acting
low lipophilicity
toxicity is uncommon

Question 10

Chloroprocaine? 
short/long acting?
lipophilicity?  
Toxicity is? 
toxicity would be increased by?

Answer 10

Chloroprocaine
rapid onset/short acting 
moderate lipophilicity
can be used at high concentrations with low toxicity 
plasma cholinesterase deficiency

Question 11

What drug can be made using the preservative methylparaben

Answer 11

Chloroprocaine

Question 12

methylparaben is bad why

Answer 12

neural inflammation

Question 13

what ester LA is the longest acting

why?

Answer 13

tetracaine

highly lipophilic

Question 14

Tetracaine is excellent for ?

Answer 14

topical anesthetic

Question 15

tetracaine is used for _____ but not ____

Answer 15

spinals but not epidural

Question 16

which LA ester has high protein binding

Answer 16

Tetracaine

Question 17

this drug would be used for ophthalmic and topical anesthesia

Answer 17

cocaine

Question 18

cocaine at what speed dissociates from the NA channel

Answer 18

slowly

Question 19

this ester LA would be used for pain control and gagging

Answer 19

cetacaine

benzocaine butamben, tetracaine

Question 20

this drug is approved for mucous membranes for ENT procedures

Answer 20

cetacaine

benzocaine butamben, tetracaine

Question 21

this drug is banana colored and flavored and used as a spray

Answer 21

cetacaine

benzocaine butamben, tetracaine

Question 22

only spray cetacaine
benzocaine butamben, tetracaine for ____seconds
___second sprays contraindicated

Answer 22

1

2

Question 23

This is the longest acting amide LA

why?

Answer 23

bupivacaine

high lipophilicity

Question 24

This is the most commonly used LA

Answer 24

Lidocaine

Question 25

Lidocaine short/long acting? lipophilicity?

Answer 25

moderate lipophilicity | medium duration of action

Question 26

This drug has a higher therapeutic index than bupivacaine R/T lower Cardiac and CNS toxicity

Answer 26

lidocaine

Question 27

Acidosis increases the toxicity of this drug due to decreased plasma protein binding

Answer 27

lidocaine

Question 28

this drug has properties similar to lidocaine but lower lipophilicity

Answer 28

prilocaine

Question 29

this drug isn't used often due to risk of methemoglobinemia

Answer 29

Prilocaine

Question 30

This preparation of this drug is banned by the FDA for obstetrics

Answer 30

0.75% bupivacaine

Question 31

this drug has a high risk of cardiac toxicity due to fast on slow off the heart and binds more avidly and longer than lidocaine

Answer 31

bupivacaine

Question 32

The S enantiomer of bupivacaine that is less CNS and cardiac toxic

Answer 32

levobupivacaine

Question 33

the patient may not see aura of CNS toxicity prior to CV collapse if using this drug

Answer 33

bupivacaine

Question 34

this is a less potent S enantiomer, moderate lipophilic, reduced CV toxic than bupivacaine, but less potent

Answer 34

ropivacaine

Question 35

used extensively for epidural and regional peripheral blocks, but not approved for spinal anesthesia

Answer 35

ropivacaine

Question 36

ester LA in order least to most lipophilic | 3

Answer 36

procaine/novocain Chloroprocaine Tetracaine