localisation of function in the brain

Question 1

define localisation

Answer 1

the theory that different areas of the brain are responsible for different behaviours, processes, activities

Question 2

define holistic

Answer 2

all parts of the brain are involved in the processing of thoughts and actions

Question 3

when was holistic theory first founded

Answer 3

19th century

Question 4

define localisation (cortical specialisation)

Answer 4

different parts of the brain perform different tasks and involved in different parts of the body

if an area of the brain becomes damaged through illness and injury the function associated with that area becomes affected

Question 5

what hemisphere controls activity on the right side of the body

Answer 5

the left hemisphere controls the right side of the body

Question 6

what hemisphere controls activity on the left side of the body

Answer 6

the right hemisphere controls the left side of the body

Question 7

define lateralisation

Answer 7

some functions are controlled or dominated by a particular hemisphere

Question 8

what is the thickness of the cerebral cortex

Answer 8

3mm thick

Question 9

what is the purpose of the cerebral cortex

Answer 9

higher level processing
(problem solving, learning)

Question 10

why is the cerebral cortex grey

Answer 10

due to the location of cell bodies

human cortex’s are more developed than animals

Question 11

what lobe is the motor area located in

Answer 11

frontal lobe

Question 12

what function of the motor area

Answer 12

voluntary moments in opposites side of the body

Question 13

what does damage to the motor area cause

Answer 13

loss of control of fine movements

Question 14

what area is located in the left frontal lobe

Answer 14

Brocas area

Question 15

what is the function of Broca’s area

Answer 15

speech production

Question 16

what does damage to Broca’s area cause

Answer 16

Broca’s aphasia

(speech is slow, laborious, lacks fluency)

Question 17

give 3 characteristics of Broca’s aphasia

Answer 17

speech is slow
laborious
lacks fluency

Question 18

what lobe is the auditory area located in

Answer 18

temporal lobe

Question 19

what is the function of the auditory area

Answer 19

analyse speech

Question 20

what does damage to the auditory area cause

Answer 20

hearing loss/ inability top comprehend language

Question 21

what lobe is the somatosensory area located in

Answer 21

parietal lobe

Question 22

what is the function of the somatosensory area

Answer 22

Sensory information from the skin is represented.

Amount of the area devoted
to a body part denotes its sensitivity

Question 23

what lobe is the visual area located in

Answer 23

occipital lobe

Question 24

what is the function of the visual area

Answer 24

each eye sends information from right visual field to left visual cortex

Question 25

what does damage to the visual area cause

Answer 25

blindness

in opposite visual field

Question 26

where is Wernickle’s area located

Answer 26

left temporal lobe

Question 27

what is the function of Wernickle’s area

Answer 27

language comprehension

Question 28

what does damage to Wernickle’s area cause

Answer 28

Wernickle’s aphasia

(produces neologisms
(nonsense words as part of speech ,fluent but meaningless)

Question 29

give 2 characteristics of Wernickle’s aphasia

Answer 29

• produces neologisms
  (nonsense words as part of speech)
• fluent but meaningless

Question 30

explain the case study of Phineas Cage

Answer 30

1848

25 year old Phineas Gage used explosives on a rock causing a role go go through his left cheek from his eye and exiting his skull through the top of his head taking most of his left frontal lobe

gage survived but his personality was changed he became rude and quick tempered