logical Fallacies Flashcards
(17 cards)
Argumentum ad Hominem
Argument against the person: arguments attack a person’s character rather than reasoning out the issues
Red Herring
attempts to distract by shifting attention away from important issue.
Ad Populum (Bandwagon)
an argument that appeals to emotions of a certain group, despite being logically unsound
Ad Misericordia
an argument that appeals to pity
Non-Sequitur-
This fallacy draws conclusions from premises that do not necessarily apply
False Dichotomy
The either/ or fallacy that makes the assumption that there are only two options.
Straw Person
arguments excessively simplified an opponent’s viewpoint to argue against it more easily.
Begging the Question (Circular Reasoning)
: occurs when a writer assumes that a statement under dispute is in fact true; such an argument is circular
Sentimental Appeals
tug at an audience’s heart strings to the point of ignoring the facts , perhaps to keep the audience from disagreeing with the writer .
Equivocation (splitting hairs)
a statement that is parsley correct but that obscures the entire truth.
Faulty Analogy
is an inalige , inappropriate , or misleading comparison between two things
Hasty Generalization
draws conclusions from scanty .
Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc
After this, therefore because of this: an argument assumes causation based on the passage of time.
Ad Ignorantiam
An appeal to ignorance: an argument that claims something is true or false because there is no evidence .
Ad Ignorantiam
An appeal to ignorance: an argument that claims something is true or false because there is no evidence
Reductio Ad Absurdum
Reduction to the absurd
Slippery Slope:
when someone makes a claim about a series of events that would lead to one major event, usually a bad event.
