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Loire Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the primary grapes of the Sancerre AOC?

A

Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir

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2
Q

What defines “terres blanches”?

A

A marl that is rich in oyster fossils, one of the three soil types in the Centre Loire

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3
Q

Savennières is best known for…

A

Dry Chenin Blanc, but moelleux and doux versions are also produced

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4
Q

What style of wine is Coteaux de Saumur AOC?

A

Sweet, botrytized dessert wines

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5
Q

What are the three crus of the Muscadet Sèvre et Maine AOC?

A

Clisson (24 mos lees, most concentrated), Gorges (24 mos lees, smoke) and Le Pallet (17 mos lees, floral)

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6
Q

What three white grapes are grown in the Lower Loire?

A

Muscadet (Melon de Bourgogne), Folle Blanche (Gros Plant), Pinot Gris

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7
Q

What style of wine is made in the Anjou Coteaux de la Loire AOC?

A

Sweet, botrytized dessert wine

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8
Q

What Loire wine is frequently aged sur lie?

A

Muscadet

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9
Q

What is the principal white grape of the Centre Loire?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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10
Q

What defines “caillottes”?

A

Little limestone pebbles; one of the three soil types of the Centre Loire

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11
Q

What is a Loire synonym for Cabernet Franc?

A

Breton

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12
Q

Other than the Loire River, what are the two other primary rivers of the Lower Loire?

A

Le Sèvre Nantaise and La Petite Maine

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13
Q

What is Touraine Primeur?

A

A wine made from Gamay using semi-carbonic maceration

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14
Q

What style of wine is made in the Rosé de Loire AOC?

A

Dry rosé made anywhere in the Middle Loire

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15
Q

What three AOCs in the Centre Loire make white wine only?

A

Pouilly Fumé, Pouilly-Sur-Loire, Quincy

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16
Q

What are the primary red grapes of the Upper Loire?

A

Pinot Noir and Gamay

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17
Q

Which sweet wine-producing sub-region lies within the Anjou zone of production?

A

Layon

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18
Q

The Folle Blanche grape is also known as:

A

Gros Plant

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19
Q

What is the principle grape used for rosé production in the Middle Loire?

A

Grolleau

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20
Q

Which Middle Loire AOC is a monopole?

A

Savennières Coulée de Serrant

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21
Q

What are the three distinct soil types of the Centre Loire?

A

Terres blanches, caillottes, silex

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22
Q

What Centre Loire AOC produces wines from Chasselas?

A

Pouilly-Sur-Loire

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23
Q

Where is Vouvray located?

A

Touraine (Middle Loire)

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24
Q

What is Touraine Noble Joué?

A

A vin gris made primarily from Pinot Meunier

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25
The Gros Plant grape is also known as:
Folle Blanche
26
The Pineau de la Loire grape is more commonly known as:
Chenin Blanc
27
What two Centre Loire AOCs are located on the Cher River?
Quincy and Reuilly
28
What defines "terres blanches"?
A marl that is rich in oyster fossils, one of the three soil types in the Centre Loire
29
The Muscadet grape is also known as:
Melon de Bourgogne
30
What area of the Loire has volcanic soils?
The Lower Loire: gneiss dominates the top soils, igneous rocks the sub-soils
31
What is the principal white grape of the Centre Loire?
Sauvignon Blanc
32
What three white grapes are grown in the Lower Loire?
Muscadet (Melon de Bourgogne), Folle Blanche (Gros Plant), Pinot Gris
33
What style of wine is made in the Rosé de Loire AOC?
Dry rosé made anywhere in the Middle Loire
34
What style of wine is made in the Cabernet d'Anjou AOC?
Off-dry to sweet rosé made from both Cabernets
35
What style of wine is made in the Rosé d'Anjou AOC?
Off-dry rosé made primarily from Grolleau
36
What grape variety is used in the Cour-Cheverny AOC?
Romorantin
37
What style of wine is made in the Coteaux du Layon AOC?
Sweet, botrytized dessert wine
38
What soil type gives wine a unique gunflint/smoky finish?
Silex (flint)
39
What style of wine is made in the Bonnezeaux AOC?
Sweet, botrytized dessert wines
40
What style of wine is produced in Layon?
Sweet wines affected by noble rot
41
What are the primary grapes of the Sancerre AOC?
Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir
42
What defines "Mousseux"?
The term means frothy or bubbly. These are méthode traditionelle wines with at least 3 atms of pressure
43
The Gros Plant grape is also known as:
Folle Blanche
44
For what style of wine is Saumur best known?
Sparkling
45
Which sweet wine-producing sub-region lies within the Anjou zone of production?
Layon
46
What Loire sub-region has a wholly continental climate?
The Centre and Upper Loire
47
What style of wine is made in the Vouvray AOC?
Dry, off-dry and sweet whites from Chenin Blanc
48
What two grapes dominate the Middle Loire?
Chenin Blanc and Cabernet Franc
49
What Loire winegrowing region is known for Kimmeridgean limestone?
The Centre Loire
50
What grape is used to make sweet wine in the Middle Loire?
Chenin Blanc
51
How long must Loire crémant spend aging on its lees?
12 months (versus 9 months in most other French regions)
52
What is the difference between Cabernet d'Anjou AOC and Cabernet de Saumur AOC?
Cabernet d'Anjou is sweeter. It must contain a minimum of 1% sugar, while Cabernet de Saumur can contain no more than 1% sugar.
53
What are the primary grapes of the Chinon AOC?
Cabernet Franc and Chenin Blanc
54
What is the primary red grape of Touraine?
Cabernet Franc
55
What category of Loire sparking wine does not have an aging requirement?
Pétillant
56
What is the primary white grape of the Centre Loire?
Sauvignon Blanc
57
What is "tuffeau"?
A porous chalk/limestone soil found in parts of the Middle Loire
58
What is "passerillage"?
The technique of allowing grapes to wither and dry on the vine
59
What is the Lower Loire climate?
Maritime
60
What is the Middle Loire climate?
Maritime w/continental influences
61
T/F: Loire is the 2nd biggest producer of Rose
True
62
Dutch influence
Influenced locals to plant more white cultivars so that they can produce their brandewijn aka brandy wine.
63
18th C, Loire wine industry faced what 3 main challenges?
1) 1789 French Revolution 2) 1800s Expansion of the railway system- created competition 3) 1880 Phylloxera- one of the last regions struck so last to revive
64
What % is AOCs?
75%
65
List the white grapes along with their synonyms
``` Chardonnay (Auvernat blanc) Chenin Blanc (Pineau de la Loire, Gros Pineau) Folle Blanche (Gros Plant) Muscadet (Melon de Bourgogne) Savignon Blanc Arbois (Orbois, Menu Pineau) ```
66
List the red grapes
``` Cabernet Franc (Breton) Cabernet Sauvignon Gamay Negrette Pinot Noir (Auvernat Noir) Grolleau (Groslot) Pineau d'Aunis ```
67
Which grapes craft rose?
both cabernets, Grolleau, Gamay, Pineau d' Aunis
68
Romorantin is grown exclusively for what AOC?
Cour-Cheverny of Touraine (Middle Loire)
69
List Rose sweetness levels
Rose de Loire 0.3% (always DRY, allows for P. Noir) Samur Rose 0.6% (depends on TA) Rose d'Anjou 0.7% (always off-dry to sweet, allows Malbec) Cabernet d'Anjou 1.0%
70
List Chenin based AOCs
``` Anjou blanc Savennieres Saumur Blanc Montlouis-Sur_Loire Vouvray Coteaux du Loir ```
71
List Sauvignon-based AOCs
Poully Fume, Pouilly -sur-Loire and Quincy (all center Loire)
72
List Cab Franc based AOCs
Bourgueil St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil Chinon Samur Rouge
73
List Pinot Noir based AOCs
Center Loire AOCs, Reuilly, Sancerre, Menetou-Salon
74
Define: Petillant Mousseux Cremant
Petillant: 1-2.5 atms, no ageing required Mousseux: min 3 atms, most 9 mos Cremant: min 4 atms, 9 mos lees
75
Rose production...direct press vs saignee
Direct press: 1-4 hrs skin contact in the press, stems on, ferment as a white wine Saignee: grapes crushed, 12 hrs skin contact, free run racked off, deeper color and fuller body
76
Which is the largest red AOC
Chinon AOC
77
100% Chenin AOCs for sweet wine
Anjou-Coteaux de la loire Bonnezeaux Coteaux du Layon (1er Chaume, Layon village) Coteaux de L'Aubance Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru (highest RS) Anjou Coteaux de la Loire (only sweet AOC outside of Layon)
78
Name the monopole
Savennieres Coulee de Serrant
79
Sweet Wine AOCs
all of the Coteaux, Savennieres Montlouis sur Loire Vouvray
80
List Muscadet AOCs
All dry white wine made from Melon de Bourgogne. 1) Muscadet AOC: 2) Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOC: smallest, both sides of Loire River 3) Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu AOC: along Lake Grand lieu 4) Muscadet Sevre et Maine AOC: 75% of all AOC Muscadet bottled.
81
Soils of Center Loire
Terres Blanches - limestone rich marls Caillottes - limestone pebbles Silex - flint
82
Soils of Middle Loire
Tuffeau - Turonian chalk/limestone | Schist
83
Soil of the Lower Loire
Gneiss - metamorphic rock, porus
84
Wines from the Vouvray AOC are made from...
Chenin Blanc
85
Grape of Cour-Cheverny
Romorantin (W)
86
Principle red of the middle Loire
Cab Franc
87
Reuilly AOC location
Flanks the Cher River on Kimmeridgean soils
88
Quincy AOC style of wine
Only whites from S. Blanc and S. Gris
89
Sancerre AOC wine styles
white, red and rose
90
Savennieres is located in...
Anjou

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