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Anatomy And Physiology > LOM ch.15 > Flashcards

LOM ch.15 Flashcards

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1
Q

calcuim

A

one of the mineral constituents of bone

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2
Q

cancellous bone

A

spongy, porous bone tissue in inner part of bone

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3
Q

carpals

A

wrist bones

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4
Q

cartilage

A

flexible, rubbery, connective tissue found in the immature skeleton, epiphyseal growth plate, and on joint surfaces

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5
Q

clavicle

A

collar bone

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6
Q

compact bone

A

hard, dense bone tissue usually found around the outer portion of bones

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7
Q

cranial bones

A

skull bones: ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal

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8
Q

comminuted fracture

A

A break or splinter of a bone into more than two fragments

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9
Q

condyle

A

the round prominence at the end of a bone

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10
Q

diaphysis

A

shaft (mid portion) of a long bone

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11
Q

epiphysis

A

each end of a long bone

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12
Q

ethmoid bone

A

thin, delicate, supports nasal cavity, forms part of the eye sockets, composed of cancellous bone

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13
Q

exostosis

A

bony growth (benign) rising from the surface of the bone

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14
Q

femur

A

thigh bone

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15
Q

fibula

A

smaller lower leg bone

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16
Q

foramen magnum

A

opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes

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17
Q

frontal bone

A

Forms forehead and roof of the bony sockets that contain the eye

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18
Q

haversian canals

A

minute spaces filled w/ blood vessels; found in compact bone

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19
Q

humeral

A

pertaining to the upper arm bone

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20
Q

humerus

A

upper arm bone

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21
Q

kyphosis

A

hunchback condition

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22
Q

laminectomy

A

removal of the lamina

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23
Q

lordosis

A

swayback condition

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24
Q

mandible

A

lower jawbone

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25
mastoid process
round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear
26
metatarsals
foot bones
27
myelpoiesis
the production of bone marrow
28
occipital bone
forms back and base of skull and joins parietal and temporal bones, forming a suture
29
orthopedics
field of medicine dealing with bones in children
30
osteoblast
bone cell that helps form bony tissue
31
osteodystrophy
dystrophic growth of the bone
32
osteomalacia
softening of the bone w/ inadequate amounts of calcium in the bone
33
osteomyelitis
inflammation of the bone and marrow secondary to infection
34
patella
kneecap
35
periosteum
membrane surrounding bones; rich i blood vessels and nerve tissue
36
phalanges
finger and toe bones
37
phosphorous
mineral substance in bones found in combination w/ calcium
38
scapula
shoulder blade
39
scoliosis
spine bent abnormally to the side
40
sphenoid bone
extends behind eyes and forms part of the base of the skull; joins w/ frontal, occipital, and ethmoid bones
41
spondylolisthesis
slipping of the vertebra
42
sternum
breastbone
43
talipes
congenital abnormality of the hindfoot (involving talus)
44
temporal bone
two bones that form the lower sides and base of the cranium; each bone encloses an ear and contains a fossa for joining w/ mandible
45
vertebra
individual segment of spine; encloses neural canal
46
vomer
thin, single, flat bone that forms lower portion of the nasal septum
47
zygomatic bones
two bones on either side of the face that from the high portion of the cheek
48
abduction
movement away from the body
49
achondroplasia
arm and leg bones fail to grow to their full size because of a defect in cartilage and bone formation (dwarfism)
50
adduction
movement toward the body
51
ankylosing spondylitis
chronic, progressive arthritis w/ stiffening of the joints, priarly of the spine
52
ankylosis
condition of stiffness
53
arthrotomy
cutting of the joint
54
articular cartilage
smooth, glistening white tissue that covers the surface of the joint
55
atrophy
decrease in size
56
bunion
enlargement of bone or tissue around joint at base of the big toe
57
bursa
sac of fluid near a joint
58
bursitis
inflammation of bursa
59
carpal tunnel syndrome
compression of the median nerve as it passes between ligaments, bones, and tendons of wrist
60
chondroma
tumor or mass of cartilage
61
chondromalacia
softening of the cartilage
62
dislocation
displacement of a bone from its joint
63
extension
straightening of a flexed limb
64
flexion
bending limb; decreasing angle between bones
65
ganglion cyst
fluid filled sac arising from joint capsules or tendons; usually in hand
66
gouty arthritis
inflammation and painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body
67
leiomyosarcoma
malignant tumor of smooth muscle that lines walls of internal organs
68
ligamentous
pertaining to ligament
69
lyme disease
disorder marked by arthritis, myalgia, and malaise; caused by a bacterium from a tick
70
muscular dystrophy
group of inherited diseases characterized by a progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers w/ out involvement of nervous system
71
osteoarthritis
progressive, degenerative joint disease w/ loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone (formation of osteocytes or bone spurs) at articular surfaces
72
pronation
turning the palm downward
73
rheumatoid arthritis
chronic joint condition w/ inflammation and pain; caused by autoimmune reaction against joint tissue, particularly the synovial membrane
74
rheumatologist
doctor who deals w/ arthritis, autoimmune diseases, and pain disorders affecting joints
75
rotation
circular movement around a central point
76
synovial fluid
contains water and nutrients that nourish and lubricate joints
77
synovial joint
a freely movable joint
78
systemic lupus erythematosus
chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, CNS, heart, and lungs
79
tendinits
inflammation of the tendon
80
tendon
connective tissue; muscles to bones
81
tenorrhaphy
surgical suturing of tendon
82
arthroplasty
surgical repair or replacement of joint
83
acromion
outward extension of shoulder blade forming point of shoulder; overlies shoulder joint and articulates w/ clavicle

Anatomy And Physiology (6 decks)

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