London Docklands - Gentrification Flashcards
Including Thames Gateway 2004 (29 cards)
Where are the London Docklands?
East and South East London
What were the reasons for decline in the London Docklands? (6)
Containerisation.
Bombed in WW2.
Transportation by air.
More tertiary industries.
Counter-urbanisation.
Lack/loss of investment
What were the signs of urban decline in London Docklands? (6)
Unemployment rates
Dereliction
Poor housing + infrastructure
Lack of investment + closure of services.
Racial attacks.
Facilities shrinking
What were the unemployment rates like in London Docklands in 1980s?
in 1981, male unemployment 2x average
In the 1980s, how much of the London Docklands was derelict?
60%
What was the housing like in the London Docklands?
80% council owned
What did the development of Canary Wharf do for the London docklands?
Aimed to bring thousands of jobs and attract private investment whilst regenerating the environment
When did the London docklands undergo change?
1981-1992
What did the gentrification of the London docklands do for employment?
Finance and high tech firms attracted to the enterprise zones. (ITV, Telegraph).
Firms wished to relocate into Canary Wharf complex
What did the gentrification of the London Docklands do for transport?
Improved transport links (Docklands light railway).
Jubilee underground extension.
New City airport built between 2 docks.
road improvements
How many houses were built in the London Docklands gentrification?
Over 20,000
What services and recreational facilities were created in the London Docklands?
Indoor sports centre (+ marina).
Several areas cleared and converted into parks and open spaces
What does the London Docklands area say about tree planting?
The area boasts the largest urban tree planting scheme in the UK
What were the social successes of the London Docklands gentrification?
> 20,000 homes created.
More facilities built.
More security in Canary wharf (less crime).
What were the social failures of the London Docklands gentrification?
Conflict between locals and professionals.
No jobs for unskilled workers.
Locals can’t afford luxury flats (poverty)
What were the economic successes of the London docklands gentrification?
Economy increases because more taxes paid.
Economically prosperous (ITV, Sun, Telegraph)
What were the economic failures of the London docklands gentrification?
Prices on basic foods increased - prices on bread tripled
What were the environmental successes of the London Docklands gentrification?
20,000 trees planted (+less flooding risk).
Less dereliction
Parks and green areas created
What were the environmental failures of the London Docklands gentrification?
More cars (CO2).
Habitat destruction.
New city airport - pollution.
Land destroyed for Jubilee railway.
What were the political successes of the London Docklands gentrification?
Brought multi-national investment.
Government spent £441m on the Docklands.
Brought £4.4bn of private investment
How much did the government spent on the London docklands?
£441m
What were the political failures of the London docklands gentrification?
No locals were interviewed for the development.
Local councils should decide on investment
When was the Thames Gateway project?
2004
What were the aims of the Thames Gateway project?
Make London sustainable.
Make London’s growth of £0.8m over the next 10 years.
