Low mood Flashcards

Question

define flight of ideas in psychology

Answer 1

involves continuous, rapid speech that changes focus from moment to moment based on association, distractions, or plays on words.

Answer 2

a symptom of thought disorder, often occurring in individuals with schizophrenia, marked by frequent interruptions in thought and jumping from one idea to another unrelated or indirectly related idea.

Answer 3

recurrent and persistent thoughts, impulses, or images that cause distressing emotions such as anxiety or disgust. Many people with OCD recognize that the thoughts, impulses, or images are a product of their mind and are excessive or unreasonable.

Answer 4

re repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession. The behaviors typically prevent or reduce a person's distress related to an obsession

Answer 5

a form of perserverative cognition that focuses on negative content, generally past and present, and results in emotional distress.

Answer 6

mental disorder characterized by dramatic changes or extremes of mood.

Answer 7

are severe mental disorders that cause abnormal thinking and perceptions. People with psychoses lose touch with reality.

Answer 8

a class of functional mental disorder involving distress but not delusions or hallucinations, where behavior is not outside socially acceptable norms. It is also known as psychoneurosis or neurotic disorder.

Answer 9

Fatigue or loss of energy. Feelings of worthlessness. Diminished ability to think or concentrate; indecisiveness. Recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or specific plan for committing suicide.

Answer 10

must have 1 or more of the following symptoms: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech (eg, frequent derailment or incoherence), and grossly disoriented or catatonic behavior;

Answer 11

Depression affects a person's emotions, thinking, behavior and physical well-being. Someone who is feeling sad might cry for a while, spend some time alone, then get back to their normal lives within a short span of time.

Answer 12

pathological anxiety is anxiety that's overly intense or occurs in situations where anxiety typically wouldn't be present. It's anxiety that's above and beyond the expected emotional response. In short, while anxiety is a natural response to certain events, extreme anxiety isn't.

Answer 13

autoimmune encephalitis drug-induced psychosis delirium

Answer 14

is a model that attributes the positive symptoms of schizophrenia to a disturbed and hyperactive dopaminergic signal transduction.

Answer 15

entered on a deficiency in activity of glutamate at the glutamate synapse, especially in the prefrontal cortex . In many brain areas, dopamine inhibits glutamate release, or glutamate excites neurons that dopamine inhibits .

Answer 16

predicts that the underlying pathophysiologic basis of depression is a depletion in the levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and/or dopamine in the central nervous system.

Answer 17

Dysfunction or decreased BDNF leads to malfunction of synaptic plasticity, and decreased excitatory neurons and glutamate; and eventually lead to depression.

Answer 18

1) monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) e.g. Iproniazid, Moclobemide 2) Tricylic antidepressants (TCA) e.g. Amitriptyline, Clomipramine, Desipramine 3) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) e.g. fluoxetine, paroxetine, citalopram 4) Selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (NARI) e.g. reboxetine

Answer 19

present in 90 % of synapses only takes a small amount of glutamate to excite neighbour brain cells too much is toxic for the brain as the neurones can't bring themselves down from their excited state

Answer 20

main inhibitory neurotransmitter reduces the activity in the central nervous system and blocks certain signals from your brain. GABA lowers heart rate and blood pressure deep breathing and mindfulness can increase GABA

Answer 21

plays major role in reward system drugs can prey on this system but the dopamine come down leaves you with feelings of tiredness and depression helps pancreas deliver insulin after you eat

Answer 22

responsible for fight or flight | produced by adrenal glands over the kidneys

Answer 23

in your digestive tract promotes feelings of satisfaction after eating and keeps your appetite in check serotonin makes you feel nauseous if you eat rotten or uncooked food has influence on your mood promoting wellbeing and happiness low levels can leave you feeling low, sleepless, brain fog and confused high levels can create paranoia, impair judgement or negatively impact memory

Answer 24

made in the hypothalamus and released via the pituitary gland women - helps uterus contract during birth men - creates feelings of loyalty and trust

Answer 25

directly affects your muscles works at neuro muscular junction makes muscles contract

Answer 26

examples of monoamine neurotransmitters are 5-HT, norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DA), are the important bioactive substances in central nervous system (CNS), which participate in many physiological activities of the body, including emotion, learning, and memory

Answer 27

low levels of noradrenaline, serotonin, and dopamine are associated with some aspects of depression when our bodies produce low levels of these neurotransmitters, our odds of experiencing symptoms of depression can increase

Answer 28

Many researchers believe there's no single gene that puts someone at risk for depression. It's more likely a combination of genes that lead to the disorder. The causes of bipolar disorder and anxiety disorders may also be traced to a combination of genetic factors.

Answer 29

inhibit reuptake of neurotransmitters through selective receptors thereby increasing the concentration of specific neurotransmitter around the nerves in the brain.

Answer 30

``` feeling agitated, shaky or anxious feeling and being sick indigestion diarrhoea or constipation insomina loss of appetite dizziness ```

Answer 31

a bond of care, respect and trust agreement on the goals of therapy collaboration on the work of therapy

Answer 32

cognitive behavioural therapy most commonly used in depression and anxiety can include CBT for psychosis. eating disorders or other specific issues short intervention practical, homework, and diary keeping

Answer 33

derived from CBT dialectal - how two things seem opposite. ut could both be true 6-12 months weekly 1:1 sessions plus group work primarily for emotionally unstable personality disorders

Answer 34

neurons in the brain which respond when a person or an animal observes another person or animal carrying out an action. They also respond when the observer performs the same action.

Answer 35

the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character

Answer 36

a deeply ingrained pattern of behaviour of a specified kind that deviates markedly from the norms of generally accepted behaviour, typically apparent by the time of adolescence, and causing long-term difficulties in personal relationships or in functioning in society.

Answer 37

also known as brain plasticity, is a term that refers to the brain's ability to change and adapt as a result of experience. Although, when people say that the brain possesses plasticity, they are not suggesting that the brain is similar to plastic.

Answer 38

is a set of five broad trait dimensions or domains, often referred to as the “Big Five”: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism (sometimes named by its polar opposite, Emotional Stability), and Openness to Experience (sometimes named Intellect)

Answer 39

the inability to inhibit behavioral impulses and thoughts. It considers impulse control as an important component of executive functions. It plays an important role in one's social and personal functioning

Answer 40

Affect regulation refers to the mechanism by which our emotions, moods, feelings, and their expressions are modulated in pursuit of an affective equilibrium or homeostasis

Answer 41

characterized by odd, eccentric thinking or behavior.

Answer 42

stage 1 sleep: first stage of sleep; transitional phase that occurs between wakefulness and sleep; the period during which a person drifts off to sleep stage 2 sleep: second stage of sleep; the body goes into deep relaxation; characterized by the appearance of sleep spindles stage 3 sleep: third stage of sleep; deep sleep characterized by low frequency, high amplitude delta waves

Answer 43

As you age your body produces lower levels of growth hormone, so you'll likely experience a decrease in slow wave or deep sleep (an especially refreshing part of the sleep cycle). When this happens you produce less melatonin, meaning you'll often experience more fragmented sleep and wake up more often during the night.

Answer 44

when darkness comes at night, the SCN sends messages to the pineal gland. This gland triggers the release of the chemical melatonin. The suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) are a bilateral structure of the human brain located within the anterior part of the hypothalamus.

Answer 45

The optic nerve in your eyes senses the morning light. Then the SCN triggers the release of cortisol and other hormones to help you wake up

Answer 46

states that sleep allows for the body to repair and replete cellular components necessary for biological functions that become depleted throughout an awake day.

Answer 47

difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep

Answer 48

endocrine - hypo/hyperthyroidism neurological - Parkinson, dementia, MS infectious - mononucleosis drug related - cocaine abuse

Answer 49

blood tests to check for medical conditions that may cause depressive symptoms. They will use the blood tests to check for such things as anemia as well as thyroid or possibly other hormones, and sometimes calcium and vitamin D levels.

Answer 50

Aches and pains. Chest pain or a feeling like your heart is racing. Exhaustion or trouble sleeping

Answer 51

chronic fatigue (ME) Fibromyalgia irritable bowel syndrome

Answer 52

induced inadvertently by a physician or surgeon or by medical treatment or diagnostic procedures an iatrogenic rash.

Answer 53

antidepressant drugs talking - therapies cognitive behavioural therapy psychodynmamic therapy

Answer 54

secure anxious - preoccupied dismissive-avoidant fearful-avoidant

Answer 55

they are open and honest about their feelings, they provide each other with comfort and guidance during conflicts, and they are trusting and committed to each other.

Answer 56

an attachment style in which a person experiences anxiety in their relationships with significant others in their lives. It stems from attachment theory which argues that childhood experiences can affect our relationships later in life.

Answer 57

the opposite of those who are ambivalent or anxious-preoccupied. Instead of craving intimacy, they're so wary of closeness they try to avoid emotional connection with others. They'd rather not rely on others, or have others rely on them.

Answer 58

those with this insecure style of attachment have a strong desire for close relationships, but distrust others and fear intimacy. This leads people with a fearful-avoidant attachment to avoid the very relationships they crave

Answer 59

primary caregivers who are available and responsive to an infant's needs allow the child to develop a sense of security. The infant knows that the caregiver is dependable, which creates a secure base for the child to then explore the world.

Low mood Flashcards

(83 cards)