Lower Body Midterm Flashcards - Sheet1 Preview

Orthopedic Acupuncture by Oren > Lower Body Midterm Flashcards - Sheet1 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Lower Body Midterm Flashcards - Sheet1 Deck (34)
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1
Q

History taken should include

A

age, sex, past medical hx, activity level, any dx of MC, mechanism of injury, structures involved, level of disability

2
Q

MC breakdown

A

WHAT’s the issue? (dx/story) WHEN? (timeline) HOW? (mechanism) WHERE? (structures involved)

3
Q

What things do you record about PAIN?

A

Location, intensity, frequency, duration (create baseline)

4
Q

What is SOMATIC pain?

A

orthopedic, nociceptive - activation of pain receptors in the skin and musculoskeletal system including muscle, bone, ligament, tendon, etc.

5
Q

What is NEUROPATHIC pain?

A

spinal cord or peripheral nerve pain such as tingling, burning, pins & needles, stinging, etc.

6
Q

What is PSYCHOGENIC pain?

A

mental, emotional, social or behavioral producers of pain

7
Q

What is VISCERAL pain?

A

nociceptive - activation of pain receptors from the internal organs

8
Q

What is SYMPATHETIC pain>

A

non-nociceptive - pain signals sent to the brain by the sympathetic nervous system, for example Compex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)

9
Q

What is PHANTOM pain?

A

pain related to a lost limb

10
Q

What is paroxysmal pain? (quality)

A

sudden, shooting, sharp, electric, hot, radiating

11
Q

What is superficial pain? (quality)

A

itchy, cold, numb, sensitive, tingling

12
Q

What is deep pain? (quality)

A

achy, heavy, crampy, throbbing

13
Q

Glute Medius/Maximus IZ? (location and needling)

A

LOCATE by finding PSIS “peanut”/highest point, line fro here to greater trochanter, then first quarter on medial side of that line; alternately feel sit bones, go lateral to sacrum, aim for deepest part of muscle/cup of ilum; DEPTH 2-4” tx glute med/max dysfunction, pain

14
Q

Piriformis IZ? (location and needling)

A

LOCATE midpoint between PSIS & sacral hiatus, then go from this toward greater trochanter; rotate leg to confirm on piriformis and aim toward belly of muscle; NEEDLE 1.5-3” tx piriformis dysfunction, pain

15
Q

Iliacus Point IZ? (location and needling)

A

LOCATE ASIS and find inguinal ligament, point is in V formed here, deep to inguinal ligament, needle superior medial to lateral inferior, 1.5-2” tx iliopsoas referral

16
Q

TFL IZ (side lying)? (location and needling)

A

LOCATE GB29 - midpoint of ASIS and greater troachanter - and go anterior, feel between muscles, NEEDLE perpendicular 1-1.5” tx TFL dysfunction, pain

17
Q

Huatojiaji L4-L5/L5-S1 (location and needling)

A

LOCATE 0.5 cun from BSP of L4 or L5 as indicated, NEEDLE perpendicular 1-2” tx facets or nerve root referral

18
Q

Straight leg raise tests for . . .

A

nerve root impingement

19
Q

Slump test

A

For nerve root impingement

20
Q

Gillet test

A

SI dysfunction

21
Q

FABER

A

Hip joint pathology (may also be . . .)

22
Q

Thomas Test

A

Shortened rectus femoris (if knee not fully flexed), psoas (if thigh not level) and/or IT band (if J sign, leg pulled laterally)

23
Q

Low back RED FLAGS

A

under 20 or over 55 y.o., violent trauma, constant unremitting progressive nonmechanical pain, hx of cancer/steroids/drugs/HIV, incontinence, structural deformity, unexpected weight loss, loss of balance/strength, pain at night/resting pain, saddle anesthesia/perineal/perianal sensory loss

24
Q

Nerve root L1-L2 is involved in action of?

A

hip flexion

25
Q

Nerve root L3 involved in action of?

A

knee extension

26
Q

Nerve root L4 involved in action of?

A

ankle dorsiflexion

27
Q

Nerve root L5 involved in action of?

A

big toe extension

28
Q

Nerve root S1 involved in action of?

A

ankle plantar flexion, eversion, hip extension, knee flexion

29
Q

Nerve root S2 involved in action of?

A

knee flexion

30
Q

Disc protrusion feels better/worse with lying down?

A

Better with lying down because discs are not stacked up, less force pushing stuff out of the disc

31
Q

If pain feels better lying down it might be?

A

Disc protrusion

32
Q

Sitting in extension (leaning back) reduces pain for?

A

Disc protrusion

33
Q

Why does sitting in flexion worsen a posterior disc bulge?

A

Forces posterior disc to bulge MORE posteriorly, increasing symptoms.

34
Q

Number one region for disc herniation to occur?

A

Lateral recess/paramedium zone