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ANATOMY > Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Flashcards

(75 cards)

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0
Q

Strongest muscle of the thigh/action

A

Iliopsoas (iliacus and major psoas)/powerful flexor of the thigh at hip joint

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1
Q

Compartments of the thigh

A

Anterior, medial, lateral

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2
Q

Quadriceps femoris

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

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3
Q

Component of quadriceps femoris that both flexes the thigh at hip joint and extends the knee at knee joint

A

Rectus femoris

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4
Q

Originates from the ASIS

A

Sartorius and tensor fascia lata

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5
Q

Originates from AIIS

A

Rectus femoris

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6
Q

Inserts to the lesser trochanter of femur

A

Iliacus and psoas

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7
Q

Common insertion of quadriceps femoris

A

Patellar tendon

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8
Q

Innervation of anterior compartment of the thigh

A

Femoral n.

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9
Q

Innervation of medial compartment of medial thigh

A

Obturator n.

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10
Q

Medial muscles of the thigh

A

Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor Magnus
Gracilis

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11
Q

Adductor muscles of the thigh commonly inserts at______

A

Linea aspera of femur

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12
Q

Insertion of the hamstring part of adductor magnus

A

Adductor tubercle of femur

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13
Q

Innervation of the posterior thigh muscles

A

Sciatic

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14
Q

Extensors at hip joint

Flexors at knee joint

A

Posterior thigh muscles
Semitendinusos
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris (long head-tibia, short head-common peroneal)

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15
Q

Origin of hamstrings

A

Ischial tuberosity

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16
Q

Contents of femoral triangle

A

lateral to medial

Nerve, femoral sheath, artery, vein

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17
Q

Contents of femoral sheath

A 
NAVEL
Nerve
Artery
Vein
Empty space
Lymphatics
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18
Q

Location of hernial sac

A

Below and lateral to pubic tubercle

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19
Q

Adductor canal or Hunter’s canal

A

Anterior: sartorius
Lateral: Vastus medialis
Posterior and medial: adductor longus/magnus

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20
Q

Contents of hunter’s canal

A

Femoral artery/vein
Saphenous nerve
Nerve to Vastus medialis

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21
Q

Common origin of gluteal muscles

A

Outer surface of ilium

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22
Q

All gluteal muscles inserts at greater trochanter of femur except ____

A

Gluteus Maximus- gluteal tuberosity, iliotibial tract

Quadratus femoris - quadrate tubercle

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23
Q

Abduction of the thigh

A

Gluteus minimums and medius

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24
Lateral rotation of the thigh
Piriformis
25
Waddling gait
Weakness of gluteus minimus and medius | Superior gluteal nerve
26
Roots of femoral and obturator nerve
L2, L3, L4
27
Lumbar plexus
L1-L4
28
Sacral plexus
L4 and L5, S1-S4
29
Roots of sciatic nerve
L4, L5, S1, S2, S3
30
Supplies gluteus minimus and medius
Superior gluteal (L4, L5, S1)
31
Innervates gluteus Maximus
Inferior gluteal n. (L5, S1, S2)
32
Pudendal nerve supplies ___
Perineum | S2, S3, S4
33
Difficulty in "climbing the stairs"
Inferior gluteal n.
34
Weakness in the ability to flex the thigh and hip
Femoral nerve lesion
35
Saphenous nerve lesion
Pain and paraesthesia in the skin and medial aspect of leg and foot No motor loss
36
Inability to adduct the thigh at the hip joint
Obturator nerve lesion
37
Femoral fx: young/direct trauma
Trochanteric fracture
38
Major blood supply of femur
Medial femoral circumflex
39
Coxa vara vs. Coxa valga
Coxa vara: neck shaft angle decreased, limited abduction, fracture Coxa valga: neck shaft angle increased, limited adduction, congenital disorder
40
Dislocation of head of femur
Medially rotated | Sciatic nerve compression
41
Innervation/action: anterior leg muscle
Deep peroneal n/ dorsiflexion and extension
42
Innervation/action: lateral leg muscle
Superficial peroneal n/plantar flexion and eversion
43
Innervation/action: posterior leg muscle
Tibial n./plantar flexion and flexion
44
____only posterior leg muscle that cannot plantar flex
Popliteus
45
Triceps surae
Gastrocnemius+Soleus
46
Borders of the popliteal fossa
Superolateral: biceps femoris Superomedial: semitendinosus, semimembranosus Inferomedial: medial head of gastrocnemius Inferolateral: lateral head of gastrocnemius, plantaris
47
Contents of popliteal fossa
``` Medial to lateral: Popliteal a. Popliteal v. Sciatic --> common peroneal Posterior cutaneous nerve ```
48
Achilles tendon supplied by
S1
49
Blood flow from common iliac
Internal iliac | External iliac-->femoral-->popliteal-->ant/post tibial-->plantar arch
50
Biceps brachii
C5
51
Brachioradialis
C6
52
Triceps brachii
C7
53
Patella
L4
54
Drainage of great Saphenous
Femoral v
55
Drainage of small Saphenous
Popliteal v
56
Innervation of the dorsal surface of the foot
Deep peroneal, superficial peroneal
57
Dorsiflexion (nerve)
Deep peroneal
58
Plantar flexion (nerve)
Posterior- tibial n.
59
Peroneus vs tibialis
Evert, plantarflex vs. invert, plantarflex
60
Foot drop
Lesion: common peroneal esp deep peroneal
61
Can't stand on tip toes
Tibial nerve lesion
62
Weakness on eversion, paraesthesia on dorsal aspect of foot
Superficial peroneal
63
Hamstring muscles
Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps femoris Adductor Magnus
64
Ligaments of knee joint
ACL, PCL, LCL, MCL
65
Unhappy triad of O'Donoghue
ACL, MCL, Medial meniscus
66
Genu valgum vs. genu varum
Tibia twisted laterally vs. tibia twisted medially
67
Tarsal bones
14
68
Lymphatic drainage
Deep inguinal group
69
Most powerful flexor muscle of the thigh
Iliopsoas
70
Lymph drainage of the UE
Lateral Axillary
71
Compression applied to lateral head and neck of the fibula
Common peroneal
72
Flexes and medially rotates the thigh
Tensor fascia lata
73
Achilles tendon
Dense regular connective tissue
74
Talipes calcaneovalgus vs. talipes equinovarus
Dorsiflexedand everted vs. plantarflexed inverted

ANATOMY (13 decks)

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