Lower Extremity Flashcards
(165 cards)
1
Q
Psoas Major O/I
A
O: Lateral surface of T12-L4 vertebral bodies
I: Lesser trochanter
2
Q
Psoas Major Action
A
Flex hip
Externally rotate (ER) hip
Flex Lumbar spine
Ipsilateral flex spine
3
Q
Psoas Major Innervation
[Artery]
A
L1-L3 direct branches from lumbar plexus
[lumbar]
4
Q
Iliacus O/I
A
O: Iliac fossa
I: Lesser trochanter
5
Q
Iliacus Action
A
Flex hip
ER hip
6
Q
Iliacus Innervation
[artery]
A
Femoral nerve
[deep circumflex iliac]
7
Q
Sartorius O/I
A
O: ASIS
I: Medial to the tibial tuberosity via pes anserinus
8
Q
Sartorius Action
A
Flex hip Abduct (Abd) hip ER hip Flex knee Internally rotate (IR) tibia
9
Q
Sartorius Innervation
A
Femoral nerve
10
Q
Glute Max (upper) O/I
A
O: Sacrum
Posterior Iliac Crest
Thorocolumbar fascia
I: IT tract
11
Q
Glute Max (upper) Action
A
Extend hip
ER hip
Abd hip
12
Q
Glute Max (upper) Innervation [artery]
A
Inferior gluteal nerve
[superior and inferior gluteal]
13
Q
Glute Max (lower) O/I
A
O: Sacrum
Thoracolumbar fascia
Sacrotuberous ligament
I: Gluteal tuberosity
14
Q
Glute Max (lower) Action
A
Ext hip
ER hip
Add hip
15
Q
Glute Max (lower) Innervation [artery]
A
Inferior gluteal nerve
[superior and inferior gluteal]
16
Q
Glute Medius O/I
A
O: Superior gluteal surface of ilium
I: Greater trochanter
17
Q
Glute Medius Action
A
Abd hip
Ant: flex and IR hip
Post: Ext and ER hip
18
Q
Glute Medius Innervations
[artery]
A
Superior gluteal nerve
[sup glut]
19
Q
Glute Minimus O/I
A
O: Inferior gluteal surface of ilium
I: Greater trochanter
20
Q
Glute Minimus Action
A
Abd hip
Ant: flex and IR hip
Post: Ext and ER hip
21
Q
Glute Minimums Innervation
A
Superior gluteal nerve
22
Q
TFL O/I
A
O: ASIS
I: IT tract
23
Q
TFL Action
A
Tenses fascia lata (dynamic ligament)
Abd hip
Flex hip
IR hip
24
Q
TFL Innervation
[artery]
A
Superior gluteal nerve
[sup glut]
25
Piriformis O/I
O: Ant surface of sacrum
I: Greater trochanter
26
Piriformis Action
ER hip
Abd hip
Ext hip
27
Piriformis Innervation
L5-S2 direct branches from sacral plexus
28
Gemellus Superior O/I
O: Ischial spine
I: Medial greater trochanter
29
Gemellus Superior Action
ER hip
Add hip < 30° Abd
Abd hip > 30° Abd (above head femur)
Extend hip
30
Gemellus Superior Innervation
L5, S1 direct branches from sacral plexus
31
Obturator Internis O/I
O: Inner surface of obturator membrane
I: Medial greater trochanter
32
Obturator Internis Action
ER hip
Add hip < 30° Abd
Abd hip > 30° Abd
Extend hip
33
Obturator Internis Innervation
L5, S1 direct branches from sacral plexus
34
Gemellus Inferior O/I
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial greater trochanter
35
Gemellus Inferior Action
ER hip
Add hip < 30° Abd
Abd hip > 30° Abd
Extend hip
36
Gemellus Inferior Innervation
L5, S1 direct brances from sacral plexus
37
Obturator Externis O/I
O: Outer surface of obturator membrane
I: Trochanteric fossa
38
Obturator Externis Action
ER hip
| Add hip
39
Obturator Externis Innervation
| [artery]
Obturator nerve
| [gluteal]
40
Quadratus Femoris O/I
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Intertrochanteric crest
41
Quadratus Femoris Action
ER hip
| Add hip
42
Quadratus Femoris Innervation
L5, S1 direct branches form sacral plexus
43
Pectineus O/I
O: Pubic body
I: Proximal linea asprea
44
Pectineus Action
Add hip
IR hip
Flex hip
45
Pectineus Innervation
| [artery]
Femoral nerve/Obturator nerve
| [obturator and perforating]
46
Add Longus O/I
O: Superior pubic ramus
I: Medial lip of linea aspera
47
Add Longus Action
Add hip
Flex hip (to 70 deg)
IR hip
48
Add Longus Innervation
| [artery]
Obturator nerve
| [obturator and perforating]
49
Add Brevis O/I
O: Inferior pubic ramus
I: Medial lip of linea aspera
50
Add Brevis Action
Add hip
Flex hip (to 70 deg)
IR hip
51
Add Brevis Innervation
| [artery]
Obturator nerve
| [obturator and perforating]
52
Add Magnus (anterior) O/I
O: Inferior pubic ramus
Ischial ramus
I: Adductor tubercle of femur
53
Add Magnus (anterior) Action
Add hip
Ant: IR hip
Ant: flex hip
54
Add Magnus (anterior) Innervation
Obturator nerve
55
Add Magnus (posterior) O/I
O: Ischial ramus
Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial lip of linea aspera
56
Add Magnus (posterior) Action
Add hip
Post: ER hip
Post: Ext hip
57
Add Magnus (posterior) Innervation
Tibial nerve
58
Gracilis O/I
O: Inferior pubic ramus
I: Medial to the tibial tuberosity via Pes Anserinus
59
Gracilis Action
Add hip
Flex hip
Flex knee
IR tibia (on flexed knee)
60
Gracilis Innervation
Obturator nerve
61
Rectus Femoris O/I
O: AIIS
Acetabular roof
I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
62
Rectus Femoris Action
Flex hip
| Ext knee
63
Rectus Femoris Innervation
Femoral nerve
64
Vastus Medialis O/I
O: Medial lip of linea aspera
I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
65
Vastus Medialis Action
Ext knee
66
Vastus Medialis Innervation
Femoral nerve
67
Vastus Lateralis O/I
O: Lateral lip of linea aspera
I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
68
Vastus Lateralis Action
Ext knee
69
Vastus Lateralis Innervation
Femoral nerve
70
Vastus Intermedius O/I
O: Anterior femur
I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
71
Vastus Intermedius Action
Ext knee
72
Vastus Intermedius Innervation
Femoral nerve
73
Biceps Femoris (long head) O/I
O: Ischial tuberosity
Sacrotuberous ligament
I: Head of fibula
74
Biceps Femoris (long head) Action
Ext hip
Flex knee
ER tibia
75
```
Biceps Femoris (long head) Innervation
[artery]
```
Tibial nerve
| [perforating]
76
Biceps Femoris (short head) O/I
O: Lateral lip of linea aspera
I: Head of fibula
77
Biceps Femoris (short head) Action
Flex knee
| ER tibia
78
Biceps Femoris (short head) Innervation
Common fibular nerve
79
Semimembranosus O/I
O: Ischial tuberosity
Sacrotuberous ligament
I: Medial tibial condyle
80
Semimembranosus Action
Ext hip
Flex knee
IR tibia
81
Semimembranosus Innervation
| [artery]
Tibial nerve
| [perforating]
82
Semitendinosus O/I
O: Ischial tuberosity
Sacrotuberous ligament
I: Medial to the tibial tuberosity via pes anserinus
83
Semitendinosus Action
Ext hip
Flex knee
IR tibia
84
Semitendinosus Innervation
| [artery]
Tibial nerve
| [perforating]
85
Popliteus O/I
O: Lateral femoral condyle
I: Posterior tibial surface
86
Popliteus Action
Flex knee
IR tibia (hanging)
ER femur (standing)
[side note:[limits hyperextension- acts as dynamic lig]]
87
Popliteus Innvervation
Tibial nerve
88
Tibialis Anterior O/I
O: Upper lateral tibia
Interosseous (IO) membrane
I: Medial cuneiform
89
Tibialis Anterior Action
```
Dorsiflex (DF) ankle
Invert intertarsal (IT) (subtalar joint (STJ))
```
90
Tibialis Anterior Innervation
Deep fibular nerve
91
Extensor Digitorum Longus O/I
O: Anterior fibular
Lateral tibial condyle
IO membrane
I: Base of middle and distal phalanges 2-5
92
Extensor Digitorum Longus Action
```
DF ankle
Evert IT (STJ)
Ext metatarsal- phalangeal (MTP)/ interphalangeal (IP) 2-5
```
93
Extensor Digitorum Longus Innervation
Deep fibular nerve
94
Extensor Hallucis Longus O/I
O: Medial fibula
IO membrane
I: Base 1st distal phalanx
95
Extensor Hallucis Longus Action
DF ankle
Evert/Invert IT (STJ)
Ext MTP/IP 1
96
Extensor Hallucis Longus Innervation
Deep fibular nerve
97
Fibularis (peroneus) Longus O/I
O: Proximal lateral fibula
Head of fibula
I: Medial cuneiform
Base of 1st metatarsal (MT)
98
Fibularis (peroneus) Longus Action
```
Plantarflex (PF) ankle
Evert IT (STJ)
```
99
Fibularis (peroneus) Longus Innervation
Superficial fibular nerve
100
Fibularis (peroneus) Brevis O/I
O: Distal lateral fibula
IO membrane
I: Base of 5th MT
101
Fibularis (peroneus) Brevis Action
```
PF ankle
Evert IT (STJ)
```
102
Fibularis (peroneus) Brevis Innervation
Superficial fibular nerve
103
Fibularis (peroneus) Tertius O/I
O: Distal anterior fibula w/ EDL
I: Base 5th MT
104
Fibularis (peroneus) Tertius Action
```
DF ankle
Evert IT (STJ)
```
105
Fibularis (peroneus) Tertius Innervation
Deep fibular nerve
106
Soleus O/I
O: Soleal line of tibia
Head/neck of fibula
I: Calcaneal tuberosity via Achilles tendon
107
Soleus Action
```
PF ankle
Invert IT (STJ)
```
108
Soleus Innervation
Tibial nerve
109
Gastroc O/I
O: medial & lateral epicondyle femur
I: Calcaneal tuberosity via Achilles tendon
110
Gastroc Action
PF ankle
Invert IT (STJ)
Flex knee
111
Gastroc Innervation
Tibial nerve
112
Plantaris O/I
O: Lateral epicondyle femur
I: Calcaneal tuberosity via Achilles tendon
113
Plantaris Action
Small contributor
PF ankle
Invert IT (STJ)
Flex knee
114
Plantaris Innervation
Tibial nerve
115
Tibialis Posterior O/I
O: Posterior tibia
IO membrane
Posterior fibula
I: Navicular
Medial, lateral, & intermediate cuneiforms
Base of MT 2-4
116
Tibialis Posterior Action
```
PF ankle
Invert IT (STJ)
```
117
Tibialis Posterior Innervation
Tibial nerve
118
Flexor Digitorum Longus O/I
O: Middle posterior tibia
I: Base of distal phalanges 2-5
119
Flexor Digitorum Longus Action
PF ankle
Invert IT (STJ)
Flex MTP
Flex IP 2-5
120
Flexor Digitorum Longus Innvervation
Tibial nerve
121
Flexor Hallucis Longus O/I
O: Distal posterior fibula
I: Base 1st distal phalanx
122
Flexor Hallucis Longus Action
PF ankle
Invert IT (STJ)
Flex MTP 1
Flex IP 1
123
Flexor Hallucis Longus Innervation
Tibial nerve
124
Extensor Digitorum Brevis O/I
O: Dorsal surface calcaneus
I: Base middle phalange 2-4
125
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Action
Ext MTP 2-4
| Ext proximal interphalangeal (PIP) 2-4
126
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Innervation
Deep fibular nerve
127
Extensor Hallucis Brevis O/I
O: Dorsal surface calcaneus
I: Base 1st proximal phalanx
128
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Action
Ext MTP 1
129
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Innervation
Deep fibular nerve
130
Abductor Hallucis O/I
O: Medial calcaneal tuberosity
I: Base 1st proximal phalanx
131
Abductor Hallucis Action
Abd MTP 1
| Flex MTP 1
132
Abductor Hallucis Innervation
Medial plantar nerve
133
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (medial head) O/I
O: Medial cuneiform
I: Base 1st proximal phalanx
134
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (medial head) Action
Flex MTP 1
135
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (medial head) Innervation
Medial plantar nerve
136
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (lateral head) O/I
O: Intermediate cuneiform
I: Base 1st proximal phalanx
137
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (lateral head) Action
Flext MTP 1
138
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (lateral head) Innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
139
Adductor Hallucis (oblique head) O/I
O: Base MTs 2-4
Cuboid
Lateral cuneiform
I: Base 1st proximal phalanx
140
Adductor Hallucis (oblique head) Action
Add MTP 1
| Flex MTP 1
141
Adductor Hallucis (oblique head) Innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
142
Adductor Hallucis (transverse head) O/I
O: Deep transverse MT ligament
MTP 3-5
I: Base 1st proximal phalanx
143
Adductor Hallucis (transverse head) Action
Add MTP 1
| Support transverse arch
144
Adductor Hallucis (transverse head) Innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
145
Abductor Digit Minimi O/I
O: Lateral calcaneal tuberosity
I: Base 5th proximal phalanx
146
Abductor Digit Minimi Action
Abd MTP 5
| Flex MTP 5
147
Abductor Digit Minimi Innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
148
Flexor Digiti Minimi O/I
O: Base of 5th MT
I: Base of 5th proxmial phalanx
149
Flexor Digiti Minimi Action
Flex MTP 5
150
Flexor Digiti Minimi Innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
151
Flexor Digiti Brevis O/I
O: Calcaneal tuberosity
I: Middle phalanges 2-5
152
Flexor Digiti Brevis Action
Flex MTP 2-5
| Flex PIP 2-5
153
Flexor Digiti Brevis Innervation
Medial plantar nerve
154
Quadratus Plantae O/I
O: Calcaneal tuberosity
I: Lateral border of FDL tendon
155
Quadratus Plantae Action
Redirects and augments pull of FDL
156
Quadratus Plantae Innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
157
Lumbricals (1-4) O/I
O: Medial border FDL tendons
I: Dorsal aponeuroses 2-5
158
Lumbricals (1-4) Action
Flext MTP 2-5
Ext IP 2-5
Add MTP 2-5
159
Lumbricals (1-4) Innervation
1st Lumbrical: medial plantar nerve
| Lumbricals 2-4: lateral plantar nerve
160
Plantar Interossei (1-3) O/I
O: Medial border of MT 3-5
I: Dorsal aponeuroses 2-5
161
Plantar Interossei (1-3) Action
Add MTP 3-5
162
Plantar Interossei (1-3) Innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
163
Dorsal Interossei (1-4) O/I
O: Two heads from opposing sides of MT 1-5
I: First interosseus: medial base of 2nd prox phalanx
2-4 interossei: lateral base of prox phalanges 2-4
164
Dorsal Interossei (1-4) Action
Abd MTP 2-4
165
Dorsal Interossei (1-4) Innervation
Lateral planar nerve
