Lower extremity

Question 1

what does patella attach to

Answer 1

quads tendon sup

patella tendon inf

Question 2

primary knee flexors

Answer 2

semimembranosus and semitendinosus (hamstrings

Question 3

ligamets of femur- acetabulum

Answer 3

iliofemoral
ischiofemoral
pubofemoral
capitis femoris

Question 4

which way does femur glide with external and internal rotation of hip

Answer 4

anterior glide with external rotation

posterior glide with internal rotation

Question 5

what mm cause hip restricted in internal rotation

Answer 5

piriformis and iliopsoas spasm

Question 6

what mm cause hip restricted in external rotation

Answer 6

spasm of internal rotators

Question 7

when foot is pronated (dorsiflexed and everted) where is fibular head

Answer 7

anterior

Question 8

when foot is supinated (plantarflexed and inverted) where is fibular head

Answer 8

posterior

Question 9

femoral nerve spinal cord levels and what does it innervate

Answer 9

L2-4
quads, iliacus, sartorius and pectineus
sensory anterior thigh and medial leg

Question 10

sciatic nerve levels and what does it innervate

Answer 10

L4-S3
tibial portion goes to hamstrings except short head biceps femoris, plantar and toe flexors
sensory lower leg and plantar foot
peroneal goes to short head biceps femoris, evertors and dorsiflexors and extensors of toes
sensory to lower leg and dorsum foot

Question 11

coxa vara

Answer 11

hip angle with neck and shaft of femur is

Question 12

coxa valga

Answer 12

hip angle with neck and shaft of femur is >135

Question 13

Q angle

Answer 13

intersection of line from ASIS through patella

line from tibial tubercle though middle patella

Question 14

increased Q angle

Answer 14

genu valgum >12

Question 15

decreased Q angle

Answer 15

genu varum

Question 16

what nerve is affected by posterior fibular head

Answer 16

common fibular or common peroneal

Question 17

larger Q angle more likely to have what issue

Answer 17

patello femoral syndrome

stronger vastis lateralis and weak vastus medialis

Question 18

most likely Q angle in women

Answer 18

larger (valgum) because of wider pelvis

Question 19

frist degree ligament injury

Answer 19

no tear and no laxity

Question 20

second degree ligament tear

Answer 20

partial tear

dec tensile strength with mild-mod laxity

Question 21

third degree ligament tear

Answer 21

complete tear, no tensile strength and severe laxity

Question 22

O donahues triad

Answer 22

common knee injury with ACL, MCL and medial meniscus injured

Question 23

foot more stable in dorsi or plantar flexion?

Answer 23

dorsiflexion because talus is wider anteriorly

Question 24

most ankle sprains occur in what motion

Answer 24

plantar flexion because ankle more stable in dorsi

Question 25

shock absorber of foot

Answer 25

subtalar joint (talocalcaneal)

Question 26

what makes medial arch of foot

Answer 26

talus navicular and cuneiforrms and 1-3 metatarsals

Question 27

what makes lateral arch of foot

Answer 27

calcaneus cuboid and 4-5 metatarsals

Question 28

what mkes transverse arch of foot

Answer 28

navicular, cuneiforms and cuboid

Question 29

lateral stabilizers of ankle

Answer 29

anterior talofibular calcaneofibular posterior talofibular

Question 30

type 1 ankle sprain

Answer 30

anterior talofibular ligament

Question 31

type 2 ankle sprain

Answer 31

anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular lig

Question 32

type 3 ankle sprain

Answer 32

anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular and posterior talofibular

Question 33

medial stabilizer of ankle

Answer 33

deltoid

Question 34

plantar ligaments

Answer 34

``` spring ligament (strengthen and support medial long arch) plantar aponeurosis (calcaneus to phalanges_ ```

Question 35

plantar fasciitis

Answer 35

chronic irritation | calcium laid down in lines of stress leading to heel spur