Lower Extremity GA2 (Thigh Region)

Question 1

Anterior Compartment

Answer 1

Pectineus M.
Iliopsoas M.
(Psoas Major M./
Psoas Minor M./
Iliacus M.)
Sartorious M.

Rectus Femoris m. (quadriceps femoris)
Vastus Lateralis m. (quadriceps femoris)
Vastus Medialis m. (quadriceps femoris)
Vastus intermedius m. (quadriceps femoris)

Question 2

Pectineus M
(anterior compartment)

Answer 2

Attach: Superior Ramus of pubis TO pectineal line of femur , inferior to lesser trochanter

Mvmnt: Adducts and flexes thigh (assist in medial rotation)

Innervation: Femoral Nerve (L2,L3,L4)

Question 3

Psoas Major m.
(iliopsoas)
(anterior compartment)

Answer 3

Attach: Sides of T12 - L5 vertebrae and discs between them , transverse processes of all lumar vertebrae TO Lesser trochanter of femur

Mvmnt: Flexing thigh at hip joint + stabilization of jt // ((Trunk flexion + extend lumbar lordosis (Mr.Perez))

Innervation: Anterior Rami of Lumbar Nerves (L1,L2,L3)

Question 4

Psoas minor m.
(iliopsoas)
(anterior compartment)

Answer 4

Attach: Sides of T12-L1 vertebrae and intervertebral discs TO Pectineal line and iliopubic eminence via iliopectineal arch

Mvmnt: Flexing thigh at hip joint + stabilization of jt

Innervation: Anterior Rami of Lumbar Nerves (L1,L2)

Question 5

Iliacus m.
(Iliopsoas)
(anterior compartment)

Answer 5

Attach: Iliac crest , iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, and anterior sacro-iliac ligaments TO Tendon of psoas major m. , lesser trochanter , and femur distal to it

Mvmnt: Flexing thigh at hip joint and stabilization of hip jt.

Innervation: Femoral Nerve (L2,L3,L4)

Question 6

Sartorious Muscle
(anterior compartment)

Answer 6

Attach: Anterior Superior Iliac spine (ASIS) and superior part of notch inferior to it TO superior part of medial surface of tibia

Mvmnt: Flexes , abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
Flexes leg at knee joint (medially rotating leg when knee is flexed)

(since it crosses knee it has a function at the knee)

Innervation: Femoral Nerve (L2,L3,L4)

Question 7

Rectus Femoris m.
(quadriceps femoris)
(Anterior Compartment)
(superficial)

Answer 7

Attach: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS) and Ilium superior to acetabulum TO common tendinous (quadriceps tendon) and independent attatchments of base of patella (patellar ligament) to tibial tuberosity , medial and lateral vasti to tibia and patella via aponeuroses

Mvmnt: Extend Leg at knee joint , steadies hip joint and help iliopsoas flex thigh

Innervation: Femoral Nerve (L2,L3,L4)

Question 8

Vastus Lateralis m.
(quadriceps femoris)
(Anterior Compartment)
(lateral to femur)

Answer 8

Attach: Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur TO common tendinous (quadriceps tendon) and independent attatchments of base of patella (patellar ligament) to tibial tuberosity , medial and lateral vasti to tibia and patella via aponeuroses

Mvmnt: Extends leg at knee joint

Innervation: Femoral Nerve (L2,L3,L4)

Question 9

Vastus Medialis m.
(quadriceps femoris)
(Anterior Compartment)
(Medial to femur)

Answer 9

Attach: Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur TO common tendinous (quadriceps tendon) and independent attatchments of base of patella (patellar ligament) to tibial tuberosity , medial and lateral vasti to tibia and patella via aponeuroses

Mvmnt: Extend leg at knee joint

Innervation: Femoral Nerve (L2,L3,L4)

Question 10

Vastus Intermedius m.
(quadriceps femoris)
(Anterior Compartment)
(Under rectus femoris)

Answer 10

Attach: Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur TO common tendinous (quadriceps tendon) and independent attatchments of base of patella (patellar ligament) to tibial tuberosity , medial and lateral vasti to tibia and patella via aponeuroses

Mvmnt: Extend Leg at knee joint

Innervation: Femoral Nerve (L2,L3,L4)

Question 11

What is angle of inclination?

Answer 11

Created intersection between head and neck of femur / shaft of femur

Angle ranges from 116-140 degrees
Average is 126 degrees

Question 12

What is Torsion Angle?

Answer 12

The intersection of angle of inclination

Question 13

What is the angle of Coxa Valga?

Answer 13

> 140 Degrees

Question 14

What is the angle of Coxa Vara?

Answer 14

< 126 Degrees

Question 15

What are the boundaries of thigh region?

Answer 15

Anterior : Inguinal Ligament to the knee
Medially: Inferior Pubic Ramus to Knee
Posteriorlly: Gluteal Fold to Knee Posteriorlly
Laterally: Hip Joint to Knee

Question 16

Contents of the anterior compartment

Answer 16

Nerve
Artery
Vein

Saphenous Nerve
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve

Question 17

What are the Borders of the Femoral Triangle?

Answer 17

Superior: Inguinal Ligament
Lateral: Sartorious Muscle
Medial: Adductor Longus Muscle
Inferiorly: Junction of Sartorious and Adductor Longus
Floor: Iliopsoas and pectineus muscle

INSIDE: Neuromuscular Bundle

Question 18

What are the contents of the Femoral Triangle?

Answer 18

Femoral Vein (most medial)
Femoral Artery (Middle)
Femoral Nerve (Most lateral)

NAVEL
(nerve, artery, vein, empty space, lymph nodes)

Question 19

What are the borders of the femoral artery?

Answer 19

Prox (Start): Below inguinal ligament
Distal (End): Adductor Hiatus (popliteal artery)

Question 20

What is the contiuation of the femoral artery called?

Answer 20

Popliteal Artery

Question 21

Pathway from abdominal aorta to the femoral artery?

Answer 21

Abdominal aorta, common iliac, external iliac , femoral artery

Question 22

Adductor compartment Muscles

Answer 22

Adductor Longus m.
Adductor Brevis m.
Adductor Magnus m.
Gracilis m.
Obturator Externus m.

Question 23

Adductor Longus m.
(Adductor compartment)

Answer 23

Attach: Body of pubis inferior to pubic crest TO Middle third of linea aspera of femur

Mvmnt:Adducts thigh

Innervation:Obturator Nerve and Branch of anterior division (L2, L3, L4)

Question 24

Adductor Brevis m.
(Adductor compartment)

Answer 24

Attach: Body and inferior ramus of pubis TO pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur

Mvmnt: Adducts thigh (some extent flexes it)

Innervation:Obturator Nerve and Branch of anterior division (L2, L3, L4)

Question 25

Adductor Magnus m. (Adductor compartment)

Answer 25

Attach: Adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ishium TO gluteal tuberosity , linea aspera, and medial supracondylar line Hamstring Part: Ischial tuberosity TO adductor tubercle of femur Mvmnt:Adduct thigh Adductor part: flexes thigh Hamstring part: extends thigh Innervation: Adductor part: Obturator Nerve (L2,L3,L4) and branches of the posterior division Hamstring Part: Tibial part of sciatic nerve ( L4)

Question 26

Gracilis m. (Adductor compartment)

Answer 26

Attach: Body and inferior ramus of pubis TO superior part of medial surface of tibia Mvmnt: Adducts thigh , flexes leg , helps rotate leg medially Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

Question 27

Obturator Externus m. (Adductor compartment)

Answer 27

Attach: Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane TO trochanteric fossa of femur Mvmnt: Laterally rotates thigh steadies head of femur in acetabulum Innervation: Obturator Nerve (L2-L4)

Question 28

Muscles of the posterior compartment of thigh

Answer 28

Semitendinosus m semimembranosus m Biceps femoris m.

Question 29

Semitendinosus m. (Posterior Compartment)

Answer 29

Attach: ischial tuberosity TO medial surface of superior part of tibia Mvmnt: Extends thigh , flex leg and rotate it medially when knee is flexed When thigh AND leg are flexed then it extends trunk Innervation:Tibial Division of Sciatic Nerve part of tibia (FILL IN)

Question 30

Semimembranosus m. (Posterior Compartment)

Answer 30

Attach: Ischial tuberosity TO posterior part of medial condyle of tibia. Reflected attachment froms oblique popliteal ligament Mvmnt:Extends thigh , flex leg and rotate it medially when knee is flexed When thigh AND leg are flexed then it extends trunk Innervation:Tibial Division of Sciatic Nerve part of tibia (FILL IN)

Question 31

Biceps Femoris m. (Posterior Compartment)

Answer 31

Attach: Long Head: ischial tuberosity Short Head: linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur TO lateral side of head of fibula , tendon is split at this site by fibular collateral ligament of knee Mvmnt: Flexes leg and rotates it laterally when knee is flexed , extends thigh (accelerates mass in first step of gait) Innervation: Long Head: Tibial Division of sciatic nerve (L4-S3) Short Head: Common Fibular divison of Sciatic Nerve (L4-S2)